新东方：学会英语强调句 阅读写作统统搞定

英语自学网

大家好，我是北京初中听说读写拔高项目的老师王楠楠，今天和大家分享关于强调的内容。 在口语表达时，为了能够让听者明白意思，为了能够让听者知道说话者的重点内容，交流无障碍，所以我们在想要重点表达的地方加重语气，或者用很夸张的表情来表达，甚至是会辅助于夸张的肢体动作，来表达情感。但是，在阅读中，作者怎么样来表达他们的情感，传递他们的思想，通过何种方式来告诉读者，我这里是想强调哪些东西。那我们不妨来看一下，在阅读中，那些曾用到的强调。最简单的莫过于第一种结构
　　（1）“it”引导的强调句
　　1)It + is／was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子的其他成分：
　　在这一结构中，如果被强调部分是人，用“that”，“who”；如果被强调部分是物，用“that”；
　　(备注：某些情况下也可以用which、whose等词，但是担心同学们会和定语从句弄混，所以可以先理解为两个词-that 和 who)  
　　以此句为例：
　　他昨天去了长城。
　　He went to the Great Wall yesterday.
　　先来强调主语-he
　　It was he that / who went to the Great Wall yesterday.
　　强调长城
　　It was the Great Wall that he went to yesterday.
　　强调yesterday
　　It was yesterday that he went to the Great Wall.
　　 [注]①强调的成分通常为主语、宾语、宾补、状语以及由名词短语表示的主语补足语等。
　　It is Jane  that／who looks charming．(强调主语)
　　It was the wall that they painted red yesterday．(强调宾语)
　　It was yesterday that he put the wall red．(强调状语)
　　It Was the chairman of the Trade Union that we elected．(强调宾补)
　　②强调句中“who”或“that”后的谓语动词，应与前面被强调的名词或代词在人称、时态和数上保持一致。
　　It is I who have responsible for the organization．
　　It was he that／who painted the wall white yesterday．
　　③作表语的形容词不能用于强调句式。   
　　误：It is beautiful that Helen is．   
　　④“No matter”+“关系代词/关系副词”加强语气：   
　　No matter what they tell us, no matter what they do, no matter what they teach us, what I believe is true.
　　最喜爱的一首歌《 no matter what》， 此句好在两点：
　　a. no matter +wh-, 加强语气。
　　b. what 引导的主从也表强调。
　　⑤其他形容词、副词或词组用于加强语气：
　　Tom is absolutely right in doing this job．
　　He is nothing but a worker．(=He is only a worker．)   
　　The very act stepping on this soil was for me a far greater adventure．
　　It is beautiful song that Helen is singing．
　　2)“It is／was + not until+被强调部分+that+…”表示强调：
　　It was not until dark that she realized it was too late to go shopping．、
　　It is not until the radiant energy falls upon matter that it becomes heat energy．
　　3)对否定句中的某部分强调时，要注意“not”的前移：
　　It was not on the beach that I saw her．(比较：I didn't see her in the street．)
　　It was not for some months that I had an opportunity of seeing the bird again．
            
            

enone

　　(2)助动词“do''用作强调  
　　用在肯定句或祈使句的谓语动词之前，起加强语气的作用，有”的确，一定“的意思，而且要重读。
　　I do love you.
　　I did love you yesterday.
　　He does love you.
　　I do think that he is right.
　　(3)和”never/not/little/hardly/scarcely/rarely/seldom/only/well“等词连用放在句首，起加强语气的作用，要求用倒装形式，这时”do或did“不重读。注意：倒装也是强调的一种形式。
　　Not a word did she say during the discussion．
　　Rarely／Seldom do I get invited into the office alone．
　　Only in the afternoon did I see her．
　　(4)表示强调的其他形式强调的词汇及其用法
　　1)”ever，whatever，the devil，the hell，on earth，in the world，under the sun，what it is“等含有”究竟，到底“意义的词语，用以加强语气，表示强调：Whatever do you mean?
　　在《碟中谍4》里有这样一句话：
　　What the hell is that?---表强调
　　Nothing on earth could make her happy．
　　I must be the happiest woman on earth．
　　Who under the sun would buy that house?   
　　I never in the world have believed such an obvious lie．
　　2)”by all(possible)means(当然，务必…，尽一切可能…)，by no means(决不…)，not．．．at all(根本不)“表示强调：
　　They should go by all means．  
　　We must help her by all possible means．
　　I didn't do it at all last night．
　　He is by no means a pleasant man to deal with．
　　其实，在阅读中，我们经常碰到这样的强调方式，只要大家能够看出来，知道这是个强调即可。不妨稍加思考，既然这些是老外们常用到的几种强调的形式，那我们难道不可以在写作中运用吗？，答案是肯定的，”读写互通“。读文章的过程中，看到好的短语，好的结构，首先把它背下来，然后合理的加以运用。相信你的文章一定会大放异彩。