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发表于 2016-7-10 10:31:03
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conforming
adj. 遵守(规则、法则等)的
conscientious *
adj. careful to do what one ought to do, and do it as well as one can 认真的,尽责的
consultant *
n. a person who gives expert advice (in business, law, etc.) 顾问
convention *
n. behavior and aptitudes that most people in a society consider to be normal and right 习俗,惯例
e.g. In some countries, it's a convention that the guests wear black or dark-colored clothes.
cooperative *
adj. willing to be helpful 合作的,愿意协助的
domineering
adj. wanting to control others 专横的,跋扈的
energetic *
adj. full of or done with energy 精力充沛的,充满活力的
enlightening
adj. 有启迪作用的,使人感悟的
file *
n. 档案
frank *
adj. showing thoughts and feelings openly; honest and direct in speech 坦率的
e.g. I was brought up to be frank and speak my mind.
gallery *
n. room or building for showing works of art 陈列馆,美术馆,画廊
idealistic
adj. 理想主义的
imaginative *
adj. having or showing imagination 富于想像力的
independent *
adj. not dependent on other people or things 独立的,自主的
interior *
adj. inside or indoors 内部的
intricate *
adj. made up of many small parts put together in a complex way, and therefore difficult to follow or understand 错综复杂的
introspective
adj. concerned with or thinking about oneself 反省的,内省的
intuitive
adj. able to understand situations using their feelings without being told or having any proof 直觉的,凭直觉的
investigative
adj. of or connected with investigating 调查的,调查性质的
laboratory *
n. 实验室
leadership
n. 领导
materialistic
adj. caring only about money and possessions rather than things of the mind 唯物主义的,物质享乐主义的
merchandiser
n. 推销商
obedient *
adj. doing what one is told to do 服从的,顺从的
orderly *
adj. well-behaved, peaceful 守秩序的
e.g. An orderly crowd gathered at the gate.
persistent *
adj. refusing to give up 坚持的,不屈不挠的
portrait *
n. painted picture, drawing or photograph of (especially the face of) a person or an animal 肖像,照片
repetitive
adj. done many times in the same way 重复的
retailer *
n. 零售商
robust *
adj. healthy and strong 强健的
setting *
n. surroundings, environment 环境
sociable
adj. fond of the company of other people, friendly 好交际的,合群的
stable *
adj. not easily upset or disturbed, reliable 持重的,可靠的
statistician
n. 统计学家,统计员
straighten *
v. become straight or make something straight 把......弄直,使挺直
e.g. The road twisted and turned and then straightened out.
studio *
n. 工作室,摄影室,演播室,录音棚
systematic *
adj. done or acting according to a system or plan 有系统的,有条理的
tactful
adj. careful not to say or do anything that will upset or embarrass other people 言行得体的
talkative
adj. liking to talk a lot 爱说话的
thrifty
adj. using money carefully and wisely 节约的
verbal *
adj. connected with words or using words 文字的,用文字的
Which Career Is the Right One for You?
When you are trying to plan your career, try out a variety of jobs, work in many different settings, volunteer for different tasks.
There are six basic categories of occupations. The six types of jobs, as developed by Professor John L. Holland, a psychology professor from Johns Hopkins University, are described here in some detail. Recognize that when I talk about the characteristics of people in the jobs, no one person has all of these characteristics. I am talking about trends, but they are strong trends.
Type A—Realistic Jobs
These are mainly skilled trades [1] or technical jobs, usually involving work with tools or machines, frequently called "blue-collar" positions.
People who are attracted to realistic jobs are usually robust, practical, physically strong and frequently competitive in outlook. They usually have good physical coordination, but sometimes they have trouble [2] expressing themselves in words or in talking with others. They prefer to deal with things rather than with ideas or with people. They enjoy creating things with their hands. They have good motor coordination [3], but they are frequently uncomfortable in social settings, and lack verbal and interpersonal [4] skills. They usually see themselves as mechanically and athletically inclined and are stable, natural and persistent. They prefer concrete to abstract problems.?
Realistic people tend to see the world in simple, tangible and traditional terms. Possessions are important to them, and they usually put their recreational money into cars, boats, motorcycles, or other machinery. Realistic people describe themselves in interviews as "conforming , frank, genuine, normal, persistent, practical, stable, thrifty, materialistic, and shy".
In general, in realistic jobs, life is not complicated by intricate problems between people or organizations, nor by troublesome choices between conflicting philosophies.
Type B—Conventional Jobs
These are usually office jobs where people work with organizations, files and regular schedules.
Conventional occupations include bookkeeper, statistician, bank teller, secretary, financial analyst, office manager, computer operator, bank cashier and accountant. Conventional jobs usually require a fair amount of writing, but it is usually the writing of business letters and regular reports.
People who enjoy conventional jobs describe themselves as "conforming, conscientious, efficient, obedient, orderly, persistent, practical and calm".
They like life to be orderly and to go according to plan. They like to know what is expected of them, and they enjoy carrying out their assignments.
Type C—Investigative Jobs
These are scientific and laboratory jobs, jobs where people investigate how the world is put together.
The tasks involved in investigative jobs are scientific or laboratory in nature, and usually involve trying to solve some puzzles, whether the puzzle is a large, mysterious problem such as how the universe came into being, or a more normal, daily problem such as figuring out the composition of a sample of blood taken from a patient in a clinic.
Investigative workers are usually found in research laboratories or clinical settings, but they also work in a wide range of other places—highway departments where they study issues such as traffic control and composition of highway materials; in advertising agencies where they work on market surveys; in food-producing companies where they work on nutritional aspects of food; in military settings where they work on new weapons or new military strategies; in financial departments where they work on questions of economic strategy and money flow—in general, in any place where problems are being attacked [5] in a systematic, scientific way.
They describe themselves as "analytical, curious, independent and reserved". They especially dislike repetitive activities and sales activities. They are very curious.
Type D—Artistic Jobs
These are creative jobs where people work with words or music or art.
The tasks involved in artistic occupations usually involve working with words, music or other art forms. Decorating rooms, designing homes, or doing portrait photography are other examples of artistic activities.
Artistic jobs are found in settings such as art museums, art galleries, music departments, interior decorating offices, music stores, theater groups, photographic studios, radio and television studios and any place where artistic skills are used and/or taught.
People who enjoy working in artistic jobs describe themselves as "complicated, disorderly, emotional, idealistic, imaginative, impractical, impulsive, independent, introspective, intuitive, nonconforming and original". They like to work in free environments that allow them to express themselves in a wide variety of media-writing, music, drawing, photography-in general, any art form.
Type E—Social Jobs
These are jobs where people work with people—healing them, teaching them, helping them.
The tasks involved in social jobs are those concerned with working with other people, teaching them, or training them, or curing them, or leading them, or organizing them, or enlightening them. Social tasks include explaining things to others, entertaining other people, planning the teaching of other people, helping other people solve their difficulties, organizing and conducting charities, and straightening out differences between people.
People who enjoy working in social jobs describe themselves as "cooperative, friendly, generous, helpful, idealistic, responsible, social, tactful and understanding". They like to work in groups, especially small groups that are working on problems common to individuals in the group.
Type F—Jobs of Leadership
These are jobs where people persuade other people to do something—sales jobs, political jobs, merchandising jobs.
Also included are many business executive jobs, making speeches, running for an elected office, heading a fund-raising campaign and many other jobs of leadership.
Other examples of jobs of leadership include public relations directors, stock and bond brokers, buyers, hostesses, retailers, fashion merchandisers and industrial consultants.
People who enjoy working in jobs of leadership describe themselves as "adventuresome, ambitious, argumentative, domineering, energetic, impulsive, optimistic, self-confident, sociable and talkative".
Phrases and Expressions
figure out
think about a problem or situation until you find the answer or understand what has happened 弄明白
e.g. Have you figured out what's wrong with your car?
in nature
在本质上
e.g. She is very cheerful in nature.
straighten out
settle a difficult situation by dealing with the things that are causing problems or confusion 解决某事物,排除某事物存在的困难
e.g. There are a few things that need straightening out between us.
try out
test something such as a method or a piece of equipment to see if it is effective or works properly 试验,试用,测试
e.g. If necessary, try out one or more methods until you find the one that suits you and your partner best. |
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