【TED演讲】失落了的民主辩论艺术（10/10)

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成功的民主来自于公民辩论，Michael Sandel说－但我们对这门技艺已荒废许久。他与TED一起，带领我们进入一堂有趣的演讲，以近来美国最高法院判例（美国职业高尔夫球协会与Martin的诉讼），揭示了正义的关键本质。Sandel在哈佛教了二十多年关于正义的课程，超过一万学生听了他的课，这是哈佛有史以来听众最多的课程。2007年秋季有1115人参加了这门课。2005年秋季的课程被放到网上作为哈佛开放大学（Harvard Extension School）课程供哈佛以外的人观看。
       
          

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So let's step back from these cases and see how they shed light on the way we might improve, elevate, the terms of political discourse in the United States, and for that matter, around the world. There is a tendency to think that if we engage too directly with moral questions in politics, that's a recipe for disagreement, and for that matter, a recipe for intolerance and coercion. So better to shy away from, to ignore, the moral and the religious convictions that people bring to civic life. It seems to me that our discussion reflects the opposite, that a better way to mutual respect is to engage directly with the moral convictions citizens bring to public life, rather than to require that people leave their deepest moral convictions outside politics before they enter. That, it seems to me, is a way to begin to restore the art of democratic argument. Thank you very much.现在让我们反思这些案例，看看能从中得到什么启发，来帮助我们提升改进美国乃至世界的政治辩论状况。现在有这样一种倾向，认为如果我们直面政治方面的道德问题，就很容易产生观点上的分歧，从而导致偏狭与排异，并相互强加观点给对方，所以最好是避开那些宗教及道义方面的大命题。我觉得我们的讨论证明事实恰恰相反，一个更好的互相尊重的方式是直面日常生活中所涉及的伦理道德问题，而不是要求人们在讨论政治问题时回避他们最深层的道德信仰。在我看来，这是复兴我们失落了的民主辩论艺术的一种方式。