Dynasty（1087~1216）
1066年之后，Angevin王朝征服了，Schama（作者）说“征服所迎得的是混乱、屠杀、饥荒、勒索”。留在英国人心里的是亨利2世，那个建立了延续到今日的法律体制和城市服务的男人。尽管被人们记忆最深的是他谋杀了最powerful的烈士Thomas Becket。在亨利的四个儿子中，两个当了国王。其中Richard对他的父亲宣战并在十字军东征中被捕，而John的失败则是被他的男爵鼓动印刷了Magna Carta。
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❤ HINTS:
Magna Carta
John
Dauphin
英式拼法，以音频内容为准
So if it isn't exactly the birth certificate of democracy, it is the death certificate of despotism. It spells out, for the first time, the fundamental principle for the law is not simply the will or the whim of the King. The law is an independent power unto itself, and the King could be brought to book for violating it.
None of this was apparent right away. Ten weeks after Magna Carta had been signed, it was annulled by the Pope, and John went back to fight in his battles by the sword, against the rebel barons and against the first successful invasion by a King of France. For a few months in 1216, much of England was ruled by the Dauphin.那也至少标志了专制主义的消亡，它首次阐明了一条基本原则。法律不代表国王的意志或奇想，法律独立存在，对本身负责。国王犯法与庶民同罪，但所有这些并不是理所当然。《大宪章》签署十周后，就被教皇宣布无效。约翰也带军重回战场，镇压贵族们的反叛，同时抵挡法国的首次成功入侵。1261年的几个月间，英格兰的大部分领土是由法国王太子统治。 | 
发表于 2016-8-2 13:38:12