越南经济：国有企业拖后腿？

英语自学网

越南经济增速减缓，国有企业阻碍越南发挥潜在优势。
Hints:
Vietnam
David Presley
        主持：shenyubin
校对：dramatic150
翻译&注解：cjsfight
答疑：赤_月
口语点评：Mornight
口语节目链接：http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/2120/item/802354/
As we've been hearing, Vietnam's success in attracting foreign investment and accessing export markets in the last 20 years has powered huge economic and social change. But the country is no longer growing at the breakneck speed it once was. This year growth is projected to be 5.5%, well below its record high of nearly 8.5% in 2007. Some of this can be attributed to the financial crisis and the fact that countries they export to are buying less. But many people blame the government for the slowdown. 40% of companies are still state-owned and have a monopoly over big industries like shipping and mining. They are often criticised for being badly run and many of them had to borrow heavily from domestic banks and the state. David Presley of the British Business Group in Vietnam is among those who see these state-owned enterprises as a major drag on the economy.
Vietnam has been a fantastic country with great potential. And I think as we sit here in 2013, that potential is yet to be realised, which we see it there. You know, there's still, all the factors are there, you know, very young population, dynamic, educated, you know, huge amount of huge population below the age of 30, 35, that sort of thing, 94% literacy rate, and yet, you know, the economy is still not progressing in the way that we envisage, then the opportunities that are coming around are still not there.正如我们所知道的那样，越南在过去20年间成功涉足出口市场，吸引了不少外国投资，这极大地推动了它的社会经济发展。但如今，越南的经济增长速度已经不再如从前一般飞速。今年的增长率预计为5.5%，低于2007年将近8.5%的创纪录增长率。经济减速的原因一部分可归结为全球金融危机，以及进口国购买力下降。但很多人认为是政府行为所导致的经济疲软。越南有40%的企业是国有企业，并且对一些重要行业如船舶、矿产等实施垄断。这些企业的经营管理并不受好评，其中很多企业对国内银行和国家的金融依赖相当严重。作为在越南的英国商业组织的一员，大卫·普里斯利同样认为这些国有企业是制约其经济发展的主要瓶颈。
越南是一个很有吸引力的国家，蕴藏着巨大的潜力。但我认为，到现在2013年为止，它的潜力还没有发挥出来，但我们都能看到。你知道，那些有利因素，比如非常年轻的人口，有活力且受过教育，30或35岁以下的人口很多，高达94%的识字率等等这类因素。但越南经济还是没能像我们预想的那样发展，即将到手的机会也偷偷溜走了。