全球变暖 供水危机(1/3)

英语自学网

概述：气候变暖→积雪减少→早春融雪易引发水灾→随后的季节缺水导致火灾、虫害以及物种灭绝几率增加
Hints:
Stanford University
Noah Diffenbaugh
Celsius
Western United States
Central Asia
the Himalayas
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校对：金多虾01
翻译&注解：初雲漪薇
组长：cryforwhat
答疑：candy0228
点评：tfndhd
口语节目地址：http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/11921/item/694177/Stanford University climate expert Noah Diffenbaugh led the study, which compares snowpack conditions across the Northern Hemisphere in the late 20th century with climate model projections for the next 100 years.
Those projections are based on a range of scenarios which forecast a rise in average global temperatures from between two and four degrees Celsius.
The study concludes that average snow accumulation will decrease in most regions of the Western United States, Europe, Central Asia and the Himalayas, compared to historical patterns.
The story is the same in other parts of the Northern Hemisphere, where snowpack is a natural and critical water reservoir.
The study finds that an early spring melt would bring more water into the watershed sooner than usual, potentially flooding rivers, lakes and artificially dammed-river reservoirs.
And with less water available later in the season, chances for more wildfires, pests and species extinctions increase.斯坦福大学气候专家诺亚·迪芬巴夫主导了该项研究，研究将北半球20世纪末期的积雪情况与未来100年内的气候预测模型作比较。
这些预测是基于一系列假设全球平均温度将上升2-4摄氏度的情形。
该研究总结道：相较于（过去的）历史模式，美国西部、欧洲、亚洲中部和喜马拉雅山脉的大部分地区的平均积雪量将减少。
北半球的其他地区也是同样的情况，在那些地方积雪是重要的天然贮水库。
研究发现，较早的春融通常会更早地将更多水带入诸如潜在涨水河流，湖泊以及人工堰塞湖之类的集水区。
如果春末可得的水量变少了，则会增加野火，害虫和物种灭绝的可能性。