农贸交易忙 害虫好搬家(3/3)

英语自学网

每年全球都进行着大量的农副产品交易，这也提高了引进和传播害虫的风险。  
        Hints:
Fedchock
International Plant Protection Convention
        校对：Ranzzy
组长：蓝色三叶草
翻译&注解：熔雪gemini
答疑：betty0925
口语点评：emilyweston
口语节目地址：http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/11921/item/756487

"A pest risk assessment is a valuable part of the entire process of trade to make sure that a country can protect itself, but yet ensure that anything that does get imported is safe."
Other treaty standards are being looked at for possible revision, including guidelines for sea containers.
"Sea containers contain a lot of things beyond food, sometimes farm equipment, sometimes computers or what have you. They have the little nooks and crannies. They have the corners where some pests can go and lay some eggs that go unnoticed unless it's properly cleaned. If those pests get the opportunity through an open container door to just wander out into a new environment, it can be pretty bad for the environment it's wandering into."
Fedchock says even garbage must be monitored.
"When ships arrive in a port, garbage is an issue. Or flights coming in from another country, the trash can be a significant issue. A little fruit fly can lay its eggs in the skin of a piece of fruit, and unless you're really an expert at looking for these things, you might not ever notice that this has taken place."
It's difficult to estimate how much damage agricultural pests do every year, but it's believed to be in the billions. Countries that have pests may not want trading partners to know the full extent of the problem.
The coordinator of the International Plant Protection Convention says it's easier and cheaper to prevent a pest problem than it is to get rid of one.“进行一次害虫风险评估是整个贸易中很重要的一环，它能让一个国家有效保护自己，保证进口货物的安全无害。”
还有一些协议条例正在审议当中并可能受到修改，其中包括海运集装箱的有关条例。
“海运集装箱会装运很多货物，除了食品，有时还有农场器械，电脑等。它们有隐蔽的小死角。如果没有得到充分的清理，害虫在这些死角内产卵并且逃过人们的眼睛完全是有可能的。如果这些害虫搭乘这些集装箱来到一个崭新的环境，这对那个新环境来说也许是一件很糟糕的事。”
费舍说甚至垃圾也应该得到管制。
“对于靠岸的船只来说，垃圾是个棘手的问题，对于国际航班来说更是如此。一只小小的果蝇可能会在水果表皮产卵，除非你是这个领域的专家，否则你根本不会发现这个问题。”
农业害虫每年造成的损失难以计算，一般认为有数十亿美元。有害虫问题的国家一般不会让贸易伙伴获知事情的严重性。
国际植物保护公约组织的协调人说相比于事后处理害虫问题，事前防范更加的简单经济。