气候变暖引起的海洋生物效应(1/3)

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概述: 科学家研究发现气候变暖会造成海底藻类生成不饱和脂肪和海洋鱼类体型减少。如果全球变暖趋势不加抑制，可能会对海洋生态系统、全球渔业造成进一步的破坏。
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William D'Andrea
Geology
Columbia University
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
Norwegian
archipelago
Svalbard
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口语节目地址：http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/11921/item/668323/William D'Andrea studies how Earth's climate changes over time. In an article just published in the journal Geology, the associate professor at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory charts 1,800 years of Arctic climate history, based on his analysis of sediment from a lake in the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard.
"This location hasn't been as warm in the last 1,800 years as it has been for the last two decades."
D'Andrea and his colleagues reconstructed that climate history by examining traces of algae in the organic matter in minerals that settled into the Arctic lake bottom over the millennia.
Scientists know that algae living in cooler water produce lots of unsaturated fats. In warmer water, they produce less. By measuring the fat content in algae retrieved in lake-bottom core samples, D'Andrea was able to track the Earth's temperature over thousands of years.
"So what we have are little thermometers. These algae are producing thermometers and dropping them into the sediment and leaving them behind."William D'Andrea研究了地球的气候是如何随着时间而变化的。在《地质》杂志上刚刚刊登的一篇文章上，哥伦比亚大学Lamont-Doherty地球天文台的副教授基于他所分析的挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛中的沉淀物，绘制了北极地区1800年的气候历史图表。
“这个地方过去1800年没有像最近二十年那么温暖。”
D'Andrea和他的同事通过研究于数千年的北极湖底矿物质中的有机物的藻类痕迹，重现了气候历史。
科学家们知道生活在较冷的水中的藻类会产生大量的不饱和脂肪。在温暖的水中，产生的则较少。通过检测湖底岩心样品中的藻类脂肪含量，D'Andrea能追踪几千年来地球的温度。
“所以我们有一个小型温度计。这些藻类产生温度计（此指其脂肪）并且把在他们分离之后将他们放入沉淀物中。”