气候变暖引起的海洋生物效应(2/3)

英语自学网

概述: 通过藻类来追溯海洋的过去。
Hints:
D'Andrea
Earth
Nature Climate Change
William Cheung
University of British Columbia's Fisheries Centre
14 to 24%
海洋名称要大写  两处连字符  忽略口误
校对：金多虾01
翻译&注解：初雲漪薇
组长：cryforwhat
答疑：candy0228
点评：tfndhd
口语节目地址：http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/11921/item/668821/D'Andrea says local air temperature records for the last 100 years match what he found in the lake-bottom sediment for the same period. He says the unique algae signatures can help scientists look into the past to see how Earth's climate system changes over time.
"And once we understand that, we get a better handle on how it does behave and why it responds in certain ways to different types of forcing, whether those forcing mechanisms are based on the sun's output or volcanic eruptions or the level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere."
D'Andrea says a clear picture of our climate history is essential to making accurate projections of our climate future.
A second new study, published in the journal Nature Climate Change, looks at how fish are responding to rising ocean temperatures. Lead author William Cheung and colleagues at the University of British Columbia's Fisheries Centre, used computer models to project climate-induced physical changes in more than 600 species of fish.
"What we find is that across different ocean basins, meaning Pacific, Indian or Atlantic oceans, we are seeing on average around 14 to 24% reduction in maximum body size of the fish species that we investigated by 2050 relative to now."D'Andrea说，本地最近100年的空气温度记录与他发现的同一时期湖底沉积物相匹配。他说，这种独特的藻类特征可以帮助科学家们回顾过去，研究地球的气候系统如何随时间的变化而变化。
“一旦我们弄懂了这一点，我们就能更好的把握它到底如何表现，以及为什么对不同外力有特定的回应，这些外力机制是否基于太阳的辐射输出，或是火山爆发，或是大气中温室气体的水平。”
D'Andrea表示，历史气候的清晰（图像层面）了解对于精确预测未来气候是必不可少的。
在《自然气候变化》杂志上发表的第二个新研究着眼于鱼类是如何应对海洋温度上升。首席作者，英国哥伦比亚大学渔业中心的William Cheung和他的同事利用计算机模型对600多种鱼类的气候感应物理变化进行编程。
“我们发现不同的海洋盆地，（我是指）太平洋，印度洋或大西洋，我们发现和当下相比，预测到2050年，鱼类身材尺寸最大平均减少14%到24%"