分薄了的饼——体育强国不好当

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美国在残奥的奖牌差强人意，而中国却愈发出色
HINTS:
Paralympic
Simon Shibli
主持：lsy34
校对：z_i_y_u_n
翻译&注解：cherryxyr
答疑：阿焰
口语点评：fancyfrances
口语节目地址：http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/2120/item/658787/And another odd thing, is it, if you look at the historical figures, the US is actually top of the all-time Paralympic gold medal league table. Now we've discovered this is partly because the US dominated in the 80s when there were twice as many medals to win. In the 1984 Paralympics, there were 345 gold medals for swimming, and 447 gold medals for athletics. But in the last few games, the United States Paralympic ranking has slipped behind its Olympic ranking. So what's change, all the attitude of other countries, for one, according to Simon Shibli.
"More nations are taking part and the number of events remains essentially the same. And in classic economics, if supply remains the same and demand increases, the price of those medals will increase. It makes it difficult for the previously dominant nations to maintain their share of the medals."
China is top of the medals table with 72 golds at the moment, a cool 40 gold medals clear of second-placed Great Britain. China's Paralympic story is the opposite of America's. It first entered in 1984, and came 28th. Four years later, the  Paralympics was first held at the same venue as the Olympics, and China's performance strengthened from then on. By the year 2000, it was sixth. Then in 2001, it was announced that Beijing had got the 2008 Games. Three years later, China topped the medals table and it's stayed there ever since.另一件怪事就是：回顾历史数据，美国一直在历届残奥会总金牌榜上独占鳌头。这一部分是因为在80年代，美国在赛场上拥有绝对优势。当时残奥会的奖牌数是如今的两倍。1984年残奥会上，游泳项目设有345枚金牌，田径运动设有447枚金牌。但在最近几届运动会上，美国在残奥会上取得的成绩已不如其奥运会成绩。那么，是什么改变了其它国家对输赢的态度？西蒙·史布利提出了他的看法。
“参赛的国家增多，但比赛项目的数量没变。在古典经济学中，如果供应量不变，需求量增加，奖牌就会增值，因此，以往的体育强国很难保持其奖牌数量。”
中国现已赢得72枚金牌，位于金牌榜榜首，比位居第二的英国领先了40枚金牌。中国的残奥会经历与美国恰恰相反。中国于1984年首次参加残奥会，当时排在第28位。四年后，残奥会开始和奥运会在同一城市举办，从那时起，中国在赛场上的表现愈发出色。到了2000年，该国排名升至第6位。之后，中国在2001年获得了2008年奥运会的主办权。三年后，中国占据奖牌榜榜首，至今无法被超越。