中国劳动力市场转型

英语自学网

随着中国年轻人受教育程度提高，微薄薪资已经不再能满足他们的需求，中国劳动力市场正在转型。
Hints:
George Magnus
Dr Qian Liu
受访者个别重复的地方只需写一遍
主持：shenyubin
校对：dramatic150
翻译&注解：cjsfight
答疑：赤_月
口语点评：Mornight
口语节目链接：http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/2120/item/746890/
So as we've been hearing, one of the key features of the changing economic landscape in China is the rise of the country's middle class. Young people in China today who've often benefited from a good education don't want a low-wage job that doesn't use their skills. Is the rising Chinese wage bill likely to dull the country's competitive edge? I spoke to George Magnus, senior independent adviser to the Swiss bank UBS. And first, Dr Qian Liu, deputy director of the China Forecasting Service in the Economist Intelligence Unit.
"When people talk about China, before, people think about sweatshops, cheap labour, "Made in China", but that's changing. Now the wages have been rising about 15% every year in the past five years. And that's a phenomenon. And that means for the manufacturing factories, they need to climb up the value-added chain, because they know that they need new innovative products for them to be competitive in the market all over again, not just domestic market, but also global market. So that's on the wage side. Another important input cost would be capital cost. Now it's very fair to say that, for China, it's very much of an investment-driven story. The government has been artificially suppressing the interest rate so that encourages more of the investment story. And that needs to change because the current way cannot be lasting forever."所以正如我们不断听到的一样，中国经济局面变革的主要特征之一是国家中产阶层的崛起。今日中国的年轻人都接受过优质的教育，因此不愿意做一些无法发挥其所长的低薪工作。那么中国日益增长的工资单是否会减弱该国的竞争优势呢？我和瑞士的瑞士联合银行高级独立顾问乔治·马格纳斯进行了交谈。首先听到的是来自经济学人智库的中国预报服务副主管田·刘博士的一段谈话。
“以前谈到中国，人们会想到血汗工厂、廉价劳动力、‘中国制造’，现在就有所变化了。五年来，平均每年工资增长率在15%左右。这成为了一种现象。同时意味着制造工厂需要延伸增值链，因为他们清楚地意识到要想重新夺回中国市场乃至世界市场立足之位，就要生产出创新产品。这是有关工资方面。另一个重要的成本投入是资本花销。可以说在中国，经济发展主要是靠投资拉动的。政府总在人为抑制利率增长，虽鼓励了投资，却不是长久之计，必须改变才能与时俱进。”