全球性问题：早产(1/2)

英语自学网

概述：不论国家贫富，都存在婴儿早产的问题，而早产会给孩子的发育带来不良影响......
Hints:
Save the Children
Brazil
South Asia
sub-Saharan Africa
pneumonia
p.s.  文中39' 处有一连字符， a million 不用改为数字形式~
校对：OFELIA1030
翻译：StepHanie_Lu
注解：StepHanie_Lu
组长：lahmmsc
答疑：vincitPremature or preterm births are defined as live births before a woman completes 37 weeks of pregnancy. A new study found that about 15 million babies were born prematurely around the world in 2010. The study was the first of its kind, and shows that the problem exists in poor countries as well as in wealthy ones.
Researchers gathered information from 84 countries. The researchers were from Save the Children, a non-governmental organization. They found that more than one in ten babies are born too soon.
The research team found that 15 countries, including the United States and Brazil, had 2/3 of all preterm births. 60% of preterm births happen in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.
Problems related to premature birth are the second most common cause of death in children under five, after pneumonia. The study found that these complications of preterm birth result in more than a million deaths around the world every year.
Babies born early are more likely to develop learning disabilities and problems with their eyesight and hearing. They can also suffer cerebral palsy, a neurological condition, and a lifetime of lung disease. The risk of death in a newborn also increases sharply if babies are born after less than 32 weeks of pregnancy.“早产儿”的定义为孕妇在孕期未满37周前所生产的孩子。一项新的研究表明，2010年，全球有将近1500万的早产儿。这是针对该领域的初次研究。同时，它还表明这个问题同时存在于贫穷国家和富裕国家。
研究人员从84个国家搜集了信息。这些研究人员来自一个非政府机构——救助儿童会（Save the Children）。他们发现超过1/10的孩子过早出生。
该研究队发现，来自包括美国和巴西在内的15个国家的早产儿数量占据了全球的2/3。而全球60％的早产现象发生在南亚洲和撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲。
对于五岁以下的孩童而言，由早产引发的疾病致死率排在第二，仅次于肺炎。该研究表明，每年世界上有超过一百万的死亡是由于早产并发症。
早产儿有更高的几率患上学习障碍，更容易导致视力和听力问题。他们也可能患上大脑性麻痹、精神病或者伴随终身的肺病。 如果婴儿出生时未满32周，死亡几率则大幅度增加。