有机农业喂不饱这个世界 (2/2)

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概述：最新研究表明，有机农业的产出比传统农业少。
Hints:
Seufert
United Nations
John Reganold
Washington State University
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答疑：kiwiangleHowever, organic vegetables and cereal crops like maize and wheat had a lot lower yields compared to conventionally grown crops.
Ms. Seufert says the soil on organic farms holds water better, and that can reduce the yield difference. Also, organic farmers can improve their yields by making sure their crops get enough fertilizer. But increasing the nitrogen is harder to do organically, using just animal waste and crop rotations.
Organic farmers rotate food crops with plants that fertilize the soil. But while these "cover," or fertilizer, crops are growing, food crops have to be grown on other land. And if farmers use manure, they have to feed the animals that produce it, and that requires grazing land or cropland.
The United Nations predicts that world demand for food will grow 70% by the middle of the century. John Reganold is a soil scientist at Washington State University. He says no one should dismiss organic agriculture as part of the solution.
"I think when people see these studies, their first reaction is, 'Well, my goodness, organic farming can't feed the world.' Guess what? Conventional farming cannot sustainably feed the world."
Mr. Reganold -- who was not part of the study -- says farming is increasingly a combination of organic and conventional methods.
"And it's really going to be a blend of these, I think, more diverse systems that are going to save us."但是，有机蔬菜，以及玉米和小麦一类谷类作物的产量比常规农作物低得多。
索伊弗特女士称，有机农场的土壤能更好地保持水分，这可以缩小产量差异。此外，有机农作物生产者可以通过确保庄稼获得足够肥料来提高产量。但仅仅通过动物粪便和使用作物轮作这类有机方式来增加氮肥是非常困难的。
此类生产者通过轮作以肥田。但种植这类肥料作物时，就只能在其它地里种植粮食作物。同时如果农民使用农家肥，他们就必须喂养产生农家肥的动物，而这就需要牧场和耕地。
联合国预测，到本世纪中叶，世界粮食需求将增长70%。约翰·里格阿德是华盛顿州立大学一名研究土壤的科学家。他表示，任何人都不能忽视有机农业，它是解决问题的一门途径。
他说：“我认为当人们看到这些研究时，他们的第一反应是，'天啊，有机农业无法养活世人。' 你猜怎么着，常规农业同样无法长期养活世人。”
里格纳德并非该研究中的一员，他说农业正日益成为有机和常规方式相结合的一个整体。
“我认为，它必定会发展成由各类不同体系结合而成的整体，继而满足世人的粮食需求。”