教学方式微改变，阅读能力大提升(1/2)

英语自学网

概括：一项新的研究表明，幼儿园教师在教学方式上进行细微的改变，能够使学生的阅读、拼写和理解能力明显提高。
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Shayne Piasta
Ohio State University
Child Development
Virginia
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答疑：kiwiangleTeachers and parents usually call attention to the pictures when they read storybooks to preschool children. But a new study suggests that calling attention to the words and letters on the page may lead to better readers.
The two-year study compared children who were read to this way in class with children who were not. Those whose teachers most often discussed the print showed clearly higher skills in reading, spelling and understanding. These results were found one year and even two years later.
Shayne Piasta, an assistant professor of teaching and learning at Ohio State University, was an author of the study. She says most preschool teachers would find this method manageable and would need only a small change in the way they teach. They already read storybooks in class. The only difference would be increased attention to the printed text.
Ms. Piasta says if you get children to pay attention to letters and words, it makes sense that they will do better at word recognition and spelling. But she says research suggests that very few parents and teachers do this in a systematic way.
The report appears in the journal Child Development.
More than 300 children age four and five were observed in classrooms in Ohio and Virginia. The children came from poor families and were below average in their language skills. This put them at risk for reading problems later.老师和父母读书给学龄前儿童听时，通常会引导他们注意图片。但一项新研究表明，让孩子注意书上的单词和字母或许能使儿童获得更好的阅读能力。
该研究历时两年，分别观察了上述两种模式在课堂教育下的不同结果。当教师经常讲解词汇拼写时，儿童的阅读、拼写和理解能力明显更胜一筹。这些变化会在一年或两年后得以体现。
俄亥俄州立大学的教学助理教授Shayne Piasta是此研究的作者之一。她说，对于大部分幼儿教师来说，此方法极易上手，稍微改变教学方法便可达成。课堂朗读照常进行，老师们仅需稍加强调语词拼写即可收效。
Piasta女士表示，如果让孩子们关注字母和单词，那么他们理所当然会在认字和拼写方面做得更好。但她说，研究表明只有极少数家长和教师能系统地做到这一点。
该报道发表于期刊《儿童发展》。
研究对俄亥俄州和弗吉尼亚州的三百多名四到五岁儿童进行了实地课堂观察。这些小孩来自贫困家庭，语言能力低于平均水平，他们今后或将因此面临阅读问题。