“财政悬崖”能拯救美国赤字吗？(2/2)

英语自学网

概述：奥巴马签署法令，提升税收，以此拯救美国的巨额财政赤字。
Hints:
Congress
校对：夕夜碎流年
翻译&注解：panpanlu
组长：marrywhy   
答疑：silvanus_ss
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本期材料发音模仿地址：http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/11885/item/717885/But the largest part of the tax increase will affect those with a lot of investment income and those with very high wages. Taxes on investment gains and dividends, payments from some kinds of securities, will increase. Also, the top income tax rate will go to 39.5% from 35%. Overall, the effect of the law is simple. It will be the first major tax increase in 20 years.
But the new law means only half of the deficit question has been answered. Taxes provide revenue to finance government operations. But budget cuts reduce costs. And lawmakers will have little time to debate. The federal government has reached its legal debt limit. That is the borrowing limit, set by Congress, for the government. Congress will have to raise the debt ceiling by late February. That will be the job of the 113th Congress, which was seated on Thursday.
In addition, lawmakers will have to make difficult budget decisions by March 1st. On that date, big, automatic budget cuts, or sequestration is set to take place across the federal government.但增税的最大部分是影响那些拥有大量投资收益的和高收入的人群。投资收益，红利及某些有价证券获利的税赋将会上升。此外，所得税最高税率将从35%提升至39.5%。总而言之，这项法律的影响就是增税，它将是20年来首次大规模增税。
但新法只解决了一半的财政赤字问题。税收为政府运作提供了资金。但削减预算也会减少开支。留给立法委员们争辩的时间不多了。联邦政府的负债额已到达法定上限，这是国会为政府制定的借款限额。国会必须在2月底前提高借款上限，这将是周四列席的第113届国会需要解决的问题。
此外，立法委员必须在3月1日之前做出艰难的预算决议。到那一天，整个联邦政府会自动进行大规模预算削减，也就是所谓的封存。