全球变暖 供水危机(2/3)

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概述：未来一旦发生了这些物理气候改变，若水存储和管理系统不能及时适应变化，农业、人们日常生活以及自然生态系统用水均将受到影响。
Hints:
Diffenbaugh
Frank Gehrke
California
Snow Survey Program
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口语节目地址：http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/11921/item/694605/Diffenbaugh says this timing would also exacerbate drought conditions when the demand for water is greatest.
"We can infer that should these physical climate changes occur in the future, that there would be impacts on water supply for agriculture and for human consumption and for natural ecosystems if the water storage and management systems are not adapted to those changes."
According to climate models, extreme rain events are expected to increase as the planet warms.
However, Diffenbaugh says, that won't change how the snowpack responds to climate change.
"Even where there are increases in extreme precipitation in the models, there are still robust decreases in the amount of snowpack on the ground at the end of the winter and in robust changes in the timing of runoff."
Frank Gehrke takes these findings very seriously. He heads California's Snow Survey Program, which forecasts water flow from the mountains into man-made reservoirs that provide water for crops and people.迪芬巴夫表示春融变早也将会加剧旱情，而那正是最需要水的时候。
“我们可以推断，将来一旦发生这些物理气候变化，而我们没有及时调整储水和管理系统来适应的话，那么农业用水、人类生产生活用水和自然生态系统的供水都将受到影响。”
根据气候模型可以预测，随着全球气候变暖，极端降水事件将增加。
但迪芬巴夫说，那样不会改变积雪对气候变化的反应。
“即便是模型中那些极端降水天气增加的区域，其冬末地表的积雪量也是急剧下降，径流的时间分布也发生很大变化。”
弗兰克•葛科十分重视这些研究结果。他领导了加州降雪勘测项目。该项目主要是预测从山区流入人造水库的水流量。农作物和人们的生活用水就来自这些人造水库。