【标准美音社论】支持莱珉银行(1/2)

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【标准美音 Editorial】06-2-2012
In Support Of Grameen Bank

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Photo: ASSOCIATED PRESS
Mohammad Yunus, Nobel Peace Prize winner and founder of the Grameen Bank.
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编辑&翻译：betty0925
HINTS:
Bangladesh
Muhammad Yunus
Grameen
Nobel Peace Prize
the Independence Day AwardIn 1976, an economics professor in Bangladesh, Muhammad Yunus, discovered that a very small loan, issued on fair terms, could make an enormous difference to the poorest of the poor and their ability to make a living.  He lent $27 of his own money to 42 women who supported themselves by manufacturing and selling handicrafts, so they could purchase supplies.  Free from the exorbitant rates charged by money lenders, the women made a profit and returned the loan with interest.  
This was the idea behind Grameen Bank, which became an independent institution in 1983. Today it has some 9 million borrowers, over 95% women.  The bank's customers hold 94% of the shares of the bank, while the government of Bangladesh holds the remaining 6%.
In recognition for "their efforts to create economic and social development from below," Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank were jointly awarded the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize, and numerous other prizes including the Independence Day Award, the highest civilian accolade in Bangladesh.1976年，孟加拉共和国的一位经济学家穆罕默德•尤讷斯发现在公平的基础上，一笔极小的借贷就可以大大改善最为贫困的家庭的生活。 他借给42名以自产自销工艺品为生的妇女每人27美元，让她们生活必需品。由于无需支付极高的借贷利息，她们赚到了钱并连本带息地偿还了债务。
想出的这个办法的是1983年成立的独立机构莱珉银行，如今该行已拥有九百万的债务人，其中95%以上是妇女。银行客户拥有94%的银行股份，剩下的6%由孟加拉共和国银行持有。
凭借“发展底层经济社会的宗旨”，穆罕默德•尤讷斯和莱珉银行共同获得了2006年诺贝尔和平奖，还能其它巨额奖金，包括独立日奖这个孟国百姓可得的最高奖项。