词语掌故：A Final D.A.R.E. (1/2)

英语自学网

概括：关于“美国地区英语词典”的故事
Hints:
honeyfuggle
pinkletink
puckerbrush
swop
Dictionary of American Regional English / DARE
Joan Houston Hall
Frederic Cassidy
University of Wisconsin-Madison
A to C
slab
zydeco
校对：不睡漫漫
翻译：zpdslshhz
注解：zpdslshhz
组长：zpdslshhz
答疑：凌云飞雪Today we talk about words like honeyfuggle and pinkletink, puckerbrush and swop. These are words not found in most dictionaries. But you can find them in the Dictionary of American Regional English. Joan Houston Hall is the chief editor.
"The Dictionary of American Regional English, familiarly known as DARE by its acronym, is a collection of words and phrases and pronunciations and even bits of grammar and syntax that vary from one part of the country to another."
The fifth and final book in the series was published last week. Work on DARE first began in 1965 under Frederic Cassidy, an English professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He and a team of 80 researchers traveled across the United States to document the words used by Americans to describe their daily lives.
Ms. Hall says the final project is based on almost two and a half million responses to more than 1,600 questions.
"The questionnaire dealt with all sorts of things that have to do with our daily lives -- from time and weather and food and clothing and farming and plants and animals and religion, health, disease, honesty, dishonesty -- all the parts of our lives that we have words for."
The first book, in 1985, contained the letters A to C. The fifth and final volume starts with slab and ends with zydeco.
DARE contains almost 60,000 words and terms. Ms. Hall says these can show where the people who use them are from.
"It's amazing to see the tremendous variety of terms used for the same thing."今天我们来聊一聊像honeyfuggle、pinkletink、puckerbrush以及swop这类特殊的词汇，这些词语并非正规词典的收录对象，不过你可以在美国方言词典里找到他们的身影。Joan Houston Hall是这本词典的主编。
美国方言词典，通常缩写为DARE，其中收录了包括语词、短语、词汇读音乃至语法信息、句法结构在内的一系列不同于其他地区方言的语言知识。
词典的最后一部分即词典第五册于上周正式出版。该词典在威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校教授Frederic Cassidy的组织下于1965年正式开编，他和其他80名编辑遍走了美国各地，搜寻美国人的日常生活用语。
Hall女士说最后这部分词典综合了美国人对1600多道问题的250万种作答信息。
“从时间到天气，从食物到衣装，该调查问卷囊括了日常生活中的各门各类，涉及养殖、植物、动物、宗教、健康、疾病、诚信、虚伪等所有日常生活中能用语言描述的东西。”
词典的第一部分出版于1985年，收集了从A到C的所有词汇，而第五版也即最终部分始于slab，终于zydeco。
美国方言词典几乎收录了6万条词汇和术语。Hall女士说这些词语能让读者掌握词语发源地信息。
“同样的事物居然能用如此多的词语表达，这真是再奇妙不过了。”