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发表于 2016-7-9 18:35:39
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2. 副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the
四、例题解析
1) B为正确答案。
2) B错。改为 as ,和前面的as和形容词原形curious 一起构成同程度比较。
3) B错。 改为as large。
4) C对。动词rival(胜过、匹敌)前后是两个相比较的成分achievements(成果)和 contributions(贡献),由于前面的名词后出现了短语 as an architect,故空白处也应用as,使前后对比成分一致。
5) B为正确答案。
6) C错。应改为比较级cheaper。比较级后并不一定跟接连词than,有时在其间有名词或名词短语(被形容词所修饰),介词短语,不定式或其他成分隔开。
7) A为正确答案。“She”作为单个不能跟全组比(C和D不对),也不能跟全组所有相比,因为“她”也是其中一员,自然“她”不能跟自己相比。这里“She”比较的是“这组中的任何一个”,所以A对。
8) B错。应改为比较级later,因此处实为与1905年相比晚15年,故应使用比较级。
9) D为正确答案。
10) A为正确答案。
11) D错。 改为his master’s。
12) A错。 改为most。
13) C错。改为the, significant是多音节形容词,在此处应用最高级形式(在前面加 the most),注意句中的“of all… ”。
14) C为正确答案。本句空白处缺状语,A和B全为名词短语,不符合条件;D为句子,和空白后面的句子没有任何联系,故亦应排除。只有C正确,和后面的最高级the most familiar前后呼应。
IV 形容词和副词的特殊表达法
一、形容词与副词的同级比较: 由“as(so)…as”引出,其否定式为“not so…”或“not as…as”,考生还应注意下列含有“as”结构或短语的句子
1. as such:表示上文所指明的事或人
He is a child,and must be treated as such. 他是个孩子,必须被当作孩子对待。
2. as much:表示“与…同量”
Take as much as you like. 拿多少都行。
I would gladly have paid twice as much for it. 就是价格再贵一倍,我也会愿意把它买下的。
He as much as admitted the whole story. 他几乎全部承认了。
3. as many:表示“与…一样多”
I found six mistakes in as many lines. 我在六行中发现了六个错。
二、表示“几倍于”的比较级:用twice (两倍),four times (四倍),ten times (十倍)加上as … as 结构
This one is four times as big as that one. 这个是那个的四倍大。(这个比那个大三倍。) / Our campus is three times as large as yours. 我们的校园比你们的大两倍。 / He has books twice as many as she does. 他的书比她多一倍。
1) The five?year deal obligates [A] the country to buy nine million tons [B] of grain a year [C] , three million more as [D] the old pact’s minimum.
三、“the same +名词+as”表示同等比较
2) The lens of a camera performs the lens of the eye.
[A] in the same function
[B] the same function as
[C] the function is the same as
[D] and has the same function
3) The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would have as the amount of money borrowed.
[A] as the same value
[B] the same value
[C] value as the same
[D] the value is the same
四、比较级前可用a little, a bit, slightly, a great deal, a lot,many, much等词语表示不定量,far, completely,still表示程度或更进一步
4) There are now methods for studying color vision in infants than there once were.
[A] more sophisticated than
[B] much more sophisticated
[C] much sophisticated
[D] sophisticated
5) The photographs of Mars taken by satellite are than those taken from the Earth.
[A] clearest
[B] the clearest
[C] much clearer
[D] more clearer
6) Common porpoises(海豚) are usually not considered [A] migratory, although [B] some do move [C] to more warmer [D] waters in winter.
五、与比较级有关的特殊词用法
1. no more than …表示“只不过”,“并不比…”(等于not any more than)
7) During observations made over a fifty?year period, the power output of the Sun has than a few tenths of one percent.
[A] varied by no more
[B] varied no more by
[C] not varied more by
[D] more varied by not
Man cannot live without food any more than plants can grow without sunshine. 人没有食物不能生存,植物没有阳光也不能生长。
There is no difficulty with this task any more than with that one. 这项任务没有困难,那项任务也没有困难。
2. no less than 表示“不亚于”
There are no less than five hundred people present at the New Year party.
出席新年晚会的有五百人之多。(出席的人较多)
3. not less than 表示“不少于”
There are not less than five hundred people present at the New Year party.
出席新年晚会的只有五百人。(出席的人较不多)
4. more often than not 表示“多数情况下”
On Friday mornings, he comes late more often than not.
多数情况下,他星期五来得晚。
5. all the more 因而更加
We really admired him all the more for his frankness. 我们更加钦佩他的坦率。
6. (be) better off 较富裕,环境较好
8) Few of the people who live on the cooperatives than they were as laborers.
[A] is well off financial
[B] financially well off
[C] are better off finanically
[D] financial better off
7. had better 最好……
Come, you had much better have the thing out at once. 来,你最好把这东西弄出去。
8. less than 不到
The first steam locomotive could have a top speed of only thirteen mph(miles per hour) and the great sailing ships of the time labored along at less than half that speed.第一列蒸汽火车最快每小时只有13英里,那时的大船还不到这个速度的一半。
9. little more than 差不多
The grain in their barn is little more than that of ours. 他们仓的粮食跟我们仓的粮食差不多。
10. more than 超过,不止
I have waited for your for more than two hours. 我等了你两个多小时。
11. more or less 大体上,或多或少
The work is more or less finished. 工作大体算完成了。
Most of them came here to near money, more or less Mr.Wang worked for his cause.他们大都来挣钱的,但王先生有点像为事业而工作。
12. other than除了
They imposed no pre?conditions other than that the meeting should be held in their capital. 除了会议要在他们的首都开之外,他们没有提出任何先决条件。
13. rather than 而不是,与其…宁愿(rather than表示“与其…宁愿”时,如果位于句首引导句子,有虚拟的成分,相当于“… would rathe than,”所以rather than后面跟动词原形)
Read what interests you; read what you have time for magazines and newspapers rather than novels.
读你感兴趣的东西,读你有时间读的东西,如杂志和报纸而不是小说。
Rather than allow the potatoes to go bad, she sold them at half price. 她以半价把土豆给卖了,而没有让它们烂掉。
Rather than cause trouble, he left. 为了不惹事,他还是走了。
9) He came all the way to China for promoting friendship for making money.
[A] other than
[B] better than
[C] more than
[D] rather than
10) He preferred to write the letter by hand .
[A] to typing it
[B] than type it
[C] to type it
[D] rather than type it
14. so much the better 就更好了
If she will help us, so much the better. 如果他能帮我们,那就更好了。
15. so much the worse 就更糟了
So much the worse for you if you still are absent from class. 如果你继续逃课的话,就对你更不利了。
16. the more…the more(less)“越是……,就越……”
11) The harder he tried, [A] the worst [B] he danced [C] before the large [D] audience.
12) The quicker a loan [A] is repaid [B] , the least [C] it will [D] cost.
六、比较中的省略
1. 在as…as中,as从句可省略整个谓语部分,保留主语
She sings as well as her sister. 她跟她的姐姐唱得一样好(省去了does)。
2. 可以省去谓语部分,保留主语和be、have等助动词
Susan has done as much housework as you have. (省去了done。)
3. 可以省去主语和谓语,只剩下状语
It is not as cold in Beijing as in Datong. 北京的天气没有大同冷。
4. than从句也可以省去整个谓语部分,保留主语
They say that blood is thicker than water, that our relatives are more important to us than others. 他们说血浓于水,亲属对我们来说比其他人更重要。
5. than从句省去部分谓语,保留主语和be,have或助动词
The white collar workers earn more than the blue workers do. 白领工人比蓝领工人挣得多。
这时 我们可以进行倒装,即将than后从句中的be,have或助动词移到该从句的前边
13) Hot objects emit do cold objects.
[A] rays more than infrared(红外线)
[B] rays are more infrared than
[C] more than infrared rays
[D] more infrared rays than
After all, big changes are relatively easier to make than are small ones. 相对来说,大变动比小变动毕竟容易些。
The fact is that some drug addicts are much better able to cure addiction in each other than are psychiatrists; some convicts can run better rehabilitation programs for convicts than do correctional officers; some patients in mental hospitals are better for each other than is the staff. 事实上,有些吸毒成瘾者与吸毒成瘾者之间戒瘾比精神病医生的作用还好;有些罪犯在改造其他罪犯方面比教改人员强;医院里的病人与病人之间的沟通比医务人员与病人间的沟通还强。
14) Last year the country had [A] fewer imports as [B] did the year before last [C] due to [D] the energy crisis.
6. than从句可以省去主语和部分谓语,保留宾语
Grandma gives more candies to her grandson than her granddaughter. 奶奶给孙子的糖比给孙女的多。(省去了she gives candies to)
7. than从句可以省去主语和谓语,保留状语
There are more books in this library than in that library. 这个图书馆的书比那个多。(省去了there are many books)
She is much better than yesterday. 她比昨天好多了。(省去了she was)
Signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past. 近些年来在学校、商业和政府中欺诈的迹象比以前更多。
8. than从句可以省去主语,保留谓语部分
His speed of doing the work was much faster than had expected. 他干此事的速度远比想象的快。(省去了he或we)
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