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距离2015年6月英语四六级考试还有10天左右的时间了，文都四六级考试网小编整理了一些英语四六级冲刺试卷供大家练习，希望有助于大家复习。
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
1. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Why Do the Viewers Like Watching Sport Programs? You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the chart and outline below: 1. 简要分析图表 2. 分析观众喜欢看体育节目的原因
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Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Why Your Memory Can Strengthen Your Relationship
Memory is a powerful tool for creating and sustaining intimacy. Five well-established principles guide the functioning of memory. When we understand how these principles work, we can build better relationships by shifting our behavior in a way that plays to the power of memory. These are simple changes, but the effect they can have on our connection with loved ones is profound.
Try the following exercise to experience these principles in action: Read the following forty words one time only, left to right. Don't study them; just read each word in turn, or have someone read the words to you. Then write down the words you remember.
Snow car pole deck table bottle light family inspiration sand plant rug cellar gate pillow trunk paper road knife stool string zone coat cup Madonna light wind tree rope stamp tape light coal card pick truck cape pilot desk frame.
Almost everyone who completes this exercise remembers the first two words from the list (snow, car). Psychologists refer to our tendency to remember what comes first as the "primacy effect. " Most people also remember the last two words (desk, frame), a phenomenon researchers call the "recency effect " We're also most likely to remember elements that stand out from or are incongruous with other elements in the group (Madonna), elements that have a special personal association in the context (family, inspiration) and elements that are repeated (light).
So how can the principles of memory help us cultivate more happiness and a deeper sense of connection with our loved ones? Let's consider them one at a time:
Primacy
Our brains most powerfully remember elements and events that come first. So we benefit by making our first experiences each day positive ones, starting with how we wake up. Many people begin their day with the shock of a buzzer alarm or the reliable, but often depressing, radio news. That primes you with grumpy feelings even before you crawl out of bed, and you're likely to carry that negativity into your first interactions with family ( "Why do you always take so long in the bathroom?!").
That grumpy interaction then becomes the "first experience" that lingers in each family member's mind, coloring how he or she perceives each other and setting the tone for interactions the rest of the day. Instead, begin your day on a positive note to make the most of the primacy effect. Wake up to inspiring music or craft a simple ritual to start your day. A few minutes of meditation, yoga, stretching or reading from an inspiring text will add positive feelings to your morning. Also, consciously plan how you will greet your family. Prepare to say something positive and uplifting. These daily messages make a big difference in the quality of your family interactions.
Another critical "first" is when you or your loved one arrives home from work. Work can be stressful, and it's easy to begin commiserating with each other when you walk in the door. But after years of greeting one another with complaints about the difficulties of your day, you will have accumulated a powerful, and negative, memory bank of "first impressions"— impressions that begin to color the way you see your partner.
If you take the time for a loving hug and some words of affection when you walk in the door, you'll set a more positive emotional tone — and a better, more supportive framework for eventually sharing the challenges you choose to discuss.
Repetition
Have you noticed how advertisers repeat their product names over and over again? Why? Because people remember things that are repeated (and we tend to buy the things we remember). In the same way, your loved ones remember the things you repeat if your partner or child regularly hears negative messages, he or she will "buy" those messages the same way consumers buy familiar products—and feelings of loving connection will disintegrate, Consistently communicating positive messages to loved ones has the opposite effect They will reinforce self-confidence and strengthen loving binds.
Outstanding
Familiarity is a double-edged sword: It's comfortable, but it can also be boring. Novel experiences combat the dull edge of routine and make for enduring, positive memories. New experiences don't have to be grand gestures; there are opportunities for creativity and surprise in every day. Do one of the household chores that is normally your partner's responsibility. Explore a new route on your evening walk. Treat your partner to a foot massage or sign up for tango lessons.
Personal Association
We all want to be appreciated for our uniqueness. Recognizing and celebrating each family member's individuality fosters feelings of connection and intimacy. One of the most powerful ways to recognize someone's individuality is by being fully present with him or her at least once a day. Make a habit of really listening to each other's stories. Practice active listening by asking questions and occasionally repeating something you've heard to affirm that you understood. Giving over your full attention conveys love and respect and strengthens family bonds.
Recency
We also tend to remember events and experiences that happened most recently, so it's wise to bring special attention to the last interactions we have with family each day. Close the day with your family just as you started it: with loving words and sweet sentiments. Be aware, too, of other departures, like setting off for work or school, or leaving for a business trip. Take a moment to connect and share your love before you are whisked off into the rush of your day. Both you and your loved ones will remember and cherish the positive send-off.
Traditional cultures had an intuitive understanding of how we remember. They used rituals at transitional times of day— upon waking, before meals and prior to sleeping—to imbue each day with meaning. Modern culture has fallen away from these traditions, but with mindfulness and a willingness to shift our behaviors to play to the power of memory, we can create our own rituals to bring more intimacy to our closest relationships.
1. The underlined words "are incongruous with" can be replaced by ___.
[ A ] are harmonious with [ B ] are connected with [ C ] are supplemental for [ D ] are different with
2. According to the passage, your grumpy interaction could ___.
[A] make better in the quality of your family interactions [B] set the inspiring tone for interactions the rest of the day
[C] affect how other family member perceives each other [D ] difficultly spread into other family member's mind
3. According to the passage, what can cause your ill-tempered feelings?
[A ] An inspiring alarm. [B] Listening to radio news. [C] Reading a depressing news. [D] Staying in bed too long.
4. If your lover just gets home from stressful work, you'd better not___.
[ A ] share challenges in a better atmosphere [ C ] stop her complaints about the work
[ B ] speak some words of affection [ D ] talk of difficulties of her day
5. Which of the following actions does NOT reflect the principle of Outstanding?
[A] Explore a new way on your evening walk. [B] Do some housework that is normally your lover's duty.
[C] Regularly communicate positive massages to your partner.
[D] Treat your lover to a foot massage you have never gone.
6. Making full use of the principle of Personal association means you should ___.
[A] accompany with your partner all the time [ C] be fully aware of your loved ones' personality
[ B] make sure to understand your partner's words [ D] make a habit of asking questions actively
7. According to the passage, preparing a romantic candle-light dinner back from work for your partner reflects probably the principle of ____.
[A] Primacy [B] Outstanding [C] Personal Association [D] Recency
8. The principle of Recency reminds us to pay attention to ________________ we have with family each day.
9. _____________________ used rituals at transitional times of day to imbue each day with meaning.
10. The passage tells us how to strengthen family bonds by fully using ____________________.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Two cities that lay at the edge of the Mediterranean more than 1,200 years ago, Herakleion and Eastern Canopus, disappeared suddenly, swallowed by the sea. Now, an international team of scientists may have figured out the mystery of why it happened.
The researchers have concluded that the two cities collapsed when the land they were built on suddenly liquefied (液化).
Until recently, the only evidence that they existed came from Greek mythology and the writings of ancient historians. Then, during expeditions in 1999 and 2000, a team of French marine archaeologists headed by Franck Goddio found the ruins — almost completely intact — buried on the seafloor of the Abu Qir Bay in Egypt.
Since then, there has been much speculation (猜测) about why the cities disappeared so suddenly. Earthquake, subsistence (生存) conditions, and a rise in sea level have all been suggested as possibilities.
"There are no written documents on how, when, or why these two cities went down," said Jean-Daniel Stanley, a geoarchaeologist with the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.
Stanley and his colleagues at the Institute Europeen d'Archeologie Sous-Marine in Paris (the European Institute of Marine Archaeology) argue that a major flood of the Nile in the middle of the eighth century A.D. was to blame. The flood, they say, triggered the sinking of Eastern Canopus and Herakleion by turning the ground beneath the cities into liquefied mud.
The collapse was sudden and catastrophic, said Stanley, "We can tell,” he said, "because in both places we've found gold and jewelry, which, if there had been time, people would have taken with them when fleeing."
Herakleion and East Canopus once stood at the mouth of the now-extinct Canopic branch of the Nile. Built sometime between the seventh and sixth centuries B.C., as the days of the Egyptian Pharaohs were coming to an end, the cities flourished as gateways to Egypt.
Herakleion was a port of entry to Egypt and grew wealthy by collecting taxes on goods being shipped upriver.
Frozen in time below the waters were many temples and statues of gods and goddesses, also attesting to the cities' role as destinations for religious pilgrims.
Until the undersea discovery, historians knew about the cities only through myth and ancient literature. Menelaus, the king of Sparta and husband to Helen, over whom the Trojan War was fought, was said to have stayed in Herakleion following the ten-year war against Troy.
Greek mythology holds that the city of Canopus was named after Menelaus' helmsman (舵手), who was bitten by a viper (毒蛇) and transformed into a god.
The Greek historian Herodotus wrote of having visited the cities in 450 B.C.
The cities' fortunes declined when Alexander the Great founded Alexandria in 331 B.C. Yet centuries later, Greek geographer Strabo (63 B.C. -21 A.D.) described the location and wealth of Herakleion, while Seneca (5 B.C. -65 A.D.) condemned the cities for decadent (颓废的) and corrupt lifestyles.
47. According to the passage, when did Herakleion and Eastern Canopus disappear?
48. As Stanley said, if you want to know how, when or why Herakleion and Eastern Canopus disappeared, there was/were _________ to refer to.
49. Stanley thought that _________ was to blame for the cities' collapse in the middle of the eighth century A.D.
50. What found below the waters could show that the cities were once the destinations for religious pilgrims?
51. According to the author, the fortunes of Herakleion and Eastern Canopus declined in _________.
Section B Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honor of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been abolished, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 7766 B.C. The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to complete. The exact sequence of events uncertain, but events included boy's gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the modern Olympic Games.
On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities. How their results compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling. After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were suspended by the Romans in 394 A.D. They continued for such a long time because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics: the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars. It was over 1,500 years before another such international athlete gathering took place in Athens in 1896.
Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing countries pay their own athletes' expenses.
The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the sun's rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it, burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well know Olympic flag, however, is a modern conception: the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.
52. In ancient Greece, the Olympic Games _____.
[A] were merely national athletic festivals
[B] were in the nature of a national event with a strong religious color
[ C ] had rules which put foreign participants in a disadvantageous position
[D] were primarily national events with few foreign participants
53. In the early days of ancient Olympic Games, _____.
[A] only male Greek athletes were allowed to participate in the games
[B] all Greeks, irrespective of sex, religion or social status, were allowed to take part
[C] all Greeks, with the exception of women, were allowed to compete in Games
[ D ] all male Greeks were qualified to compete in the Games
54. The order of athletic events at the ancient Olympics _____.
[A] has not definitely been established [ B ] varied according to the number of foreign competitors
[ C ] was decided by Zeus, in whose honor the Games were held [ D ] was considered unimportant
55. Modern athletes' results cannot be compared with those of ancient runners because _____.
[A] the Greeks had no means of recording the results [C] they are much better
[ B ] details such as the time were not-recorded in the past [D ] they are much worse
56. Nowadays, the athletes' expenses are paid _____.
[A] out of the prize money of the winners [C]by the athletes themselves
[ B ] out of the funds raised by the competing nations [ D ] by contributions
Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
How many people are suffering from labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire (可怕的) consequences today as it did in the 1930s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated (减轻) the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority is from multiple earners, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped, or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.
Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffers. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another part-time working because of the inability to find fulltime work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failings in the labor market are adequately protected.
As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate --- that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one of their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.
57. Which of the following does "labor market problems" (Line 1, Para. 1 ) refer to?
[ A ] Shortage of jobs providing adequate income. [ C ] Trade relationships among producers of goods.
[ B ] Deficiencies in the training of the work force. [ D ] The overall causes of poverty.
58. The author contrasts the 1930s with the present in order to show that ___ .
[A] more people were unemployed in the 1930s
[B] social programs are more needed now
[C] unemployment now has less severe effects
[ D ] now there is a greater proportion of elderly and handicapped people among those in poverty
59. Which of the following proposals best responds to the issues raised by the author?
[A] Innovative programmes using multiple approaches should be set up to reduce the level of unemployment.
[B] A compromise should be found between the positions of those who view joblessness an evil greater than economic control and those who hold the opposite view.
[C] New statistical indices should be developed to measure the degree to which unemployment and inadequately paid employment cause suffering.
[D] Consideration should be given to the ways in which statistics can act as partial causes of the phenomena that they purport to measure.
60. The author's purpose in citing those who are repeatedly unemployed during a twelve-month period is most probably to show that ___ .
[ A ] there are several factors that cause the payment of low wages to some members of the labor force
[ B ] unemployment statistics can underestimate the hardship resulting from joblessness
[ C ] recurrent inadequacies in the labor market can exist and cause hardships for individual workers
[ D ] a majority of those who are jobless at any time does not suffer severe hardship
61. According to the text, one factor that causes unemployment and earnings figures to over-predict the amount pf economic hardship is the ___ . .
[A] recurrence of periods of unemployment for a group of low wage workers
[ B ] fact that unemployment counts do not include those who work for low wages
[C] establishment of a system of record keeping that makes it possible to compile poverty statistics
[D] prevalence, among low wage workers and the unemployed, of members of families in which others are employed
Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
Scientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagnose, treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly disease. SARS — Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome — was 62 for the first time in February 2003 in Hanoi, 63 since then has infected more than 1,600 people in 15 countries, killing 63. At this 64 , there are more questions than answers surrounding the disease. Symptoms start 65 a fever over 100. 4 degrees F, chills. headache or body 66 . Within a week, the patient has a dry cough, which might 67 to shortness of breath. In 10% to 20% of cases, patients require _68_ ventilation to breathe. About 3. 5% die from the disease. Symptoms 69 begin in two to seven days, but some reports suggest it 70 take as long as 10 days. Scientists are close to 71 a lab test to diagnose SARS. In the meantime, it is diagnosed by its symptoms. There is no evidence 72 antibiotics or anti-viral medicines help, 73 doctors can offer only supportive care. Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to reduce the risk of 74 . Scientists aren't sure yet, but some researchers think it's a 75 discovered coronavirus, the family of viruses that cause some common colds.
Most cases appear to have been passed 76 droplets expelled when infected patients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers who care 77 them have been most likely to 78 the illness. But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the 79 might spread through air, or that the virus might 80 for two to three hours on doorknobs or other 81 . Health experts say it is unlikely, though, that sharing an elevator briefly with an infected person would be enough to pass the virus.
62. [A] detected [B] caught [C] disclosed [D] revealed
63. [A] but [B]and [C] or [D] yet
64. [A] time [B] point [C] aspect [D] instance
65. [A] from [B] over [C] upon [D] with
66. [A] hurt [B] sore [C] aches [D] feelings
67. [A] process [B] advance [C] progress [ D ] converted
68. [A] automatic [B] artificial [C] mechanical [D] controlled
69. [A] regularly [B] ordinarily [C] traditionally [D] generally
70. [A] will [B] might [C] should [D]must
71. [A] cultivating [B] fostering [C] developing [D] designing
72. [A] which [B] that [C] whether [D] what
73. [A] so [B] but [C] still [D]yet
74. [A] communication [B] transportation [C] transformation [D] transmission
75. [A] lately [B] newborn [C] newly [D] renewed
76. [A] under [B] through [C] beneath [D] from
77. [A] for [B]over [C] after [D] about
78. [A] acquire [B] receive [C] obtain [D] contract
79. [A]ailmenth [B] ill-healt [C] disease [D] infection
80. [A] continue [B] linger [C] delay [D] persist
81. [A] exteriors [B] outside [C] surfaces [D] coverings
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
82. The teacher treats the student ___________________________________(就像自己的亲生孩子一样).
83. A vegetable crop expert advised _____________________________________(将这些蔬菜放置在可以接受八到十小时日晒的地方) a day.
84. Thousands of people came to Loch Ness each year ______________________(希望他们会看到那有名的生物).
85. Since I went to senior high school, _________________________________(我的生活有了一些重要的变化).
86. If we can make good use of time, __________________________________________(我们就可以期望得到好的成效并获得丰厚利润). |
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发表于 2016-7-29 08:44:55