2015年12月英语四级考试全套模拟卷7

英语自学网

参加2015年12月英语四六级考试的同学想必已经开始为此做准备了，文都四六级考试网小编整理了一些英语四级模拟题供大家练习，希望有助于大家复习。
　　Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
　　Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Questions 21 to 25 are　based on the following passage:
　　We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?” “And Paul — why didn't I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.
　　Why do we go wrong about our friends — or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side? If he says, “You're a lucky guy” or “You're a lucky gal,” that's being friendly. But “lucky dog”? There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.
　　“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker　is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.
　　How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does　what he says square with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his　eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
　　 21.When the writer recalls the things that happened between him and his friends, he ____.
　　A) feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him
　　 B) feels he may not have “read” his friends' true feelings correctly
　　C) thinks it was a mistake to view Jim as a friend
　　D) is sorry that his friends let him down
　　 22.By saying “You're a lucky dog.”, the speaker ____.
　　A) is just being friendly
　　 B) expresses the same meaning as “You're a lucky guy.” or“You ' re a lucky gal.”
　　C) is humorous to apply the word “dog” to people
　　D) has a hidden jealous feeling behind the words
　　 23.In listening to a person, the important thing is ____.
　　A) to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eye
　　B) to listen to how he pronounces his words
　　C) to check his words against his manner, his tone of voice, and his posture
　　D) not to believe what he says
　　 24.If you followed the advice of the writer, you would ____.
　　 A) weigh carefully what people say to determine their real meaning
　　B) get along well with people
　　C) trust what other people say
　　 D) have no doubts about our friends
　　 25.This passage tries to tell you how to ____.
　　A) avoid mistakes about both money and people
　　B) say things elegantly
　　 C) avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you
　　D) keep people friendly without trusting them
        
         
         

enfive

　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
　　 Sleep is part of a person's daily activity cycle. There are several different stages of sleep, and they too occur in cycles. If you are an average sleeper,　your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber (安睡), your eyes will roll about a bit, your temperature will drop slightly, your muscles will relax, and your breathing were slow and become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit too, with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves predominating for the first few minutes. This is called stage 1 sleep. For　the next half hour or so, as you relax more and more, you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep, the slower　your brain waves will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep.
　　You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long, but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly. The delta rhythm will disappear, to be replaced by the　activity pattern of brain waves. Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids (眼皮) as if you were looking at something occurring in　front of you. This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some 8 to 15 minutes　and is called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep period, your body will soon relax again, your breathing will grow slow and regular once more, and you will slip gently back from stage 1 to stage 4 sleep — only to rise once again to the surface of near consciousness some 80 minutes later.
　　 26.The stages of sleep take on ____.
　　A) an irregular aspect.  B) a regular aspect  C) a punctual aspect  D) a similar aspect
　　 27.Stage 4 sleep lasts ____.
　　A) about 80 minutes
　　 B) about 4060 minutes
　　C) about 30 munutes
　　 D) about 2040 minutes
　　 28.The brain waves are the slowest during ____.
　　A) stage 1 C) stage 4  B) stage 2 and stage 3  D) REM sleep
　　 29.In the second paragraph the word “dart” means ____.
　　A) glare B) move rapidly or suddenly C) stop movingD) gaze
　　 30.One of the features of REM sleep is that ____.
　　 A) there are large slow waves, though rapid for the first few minutes
　　B) you have the deepest sleep
　　C) there are no brain waves
　　 D) the brain waves are a little fast and the brain becomes a little active
        
         
         

enthree

　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
　　Designing a lens can be compared to playing chess. In chess a player tries　to trap his opponent's king in a series of moves. In creating a lens a lens designer attempts to “trap” light by forcing all the rays arising from a single point in the subject to focus on a single point in the image, as a consequence of their passing through a series of transparent( 透明的) elements with precisely curved surfaces. Since in both cases the ultimate goal and the means by which it can be attained are known, one is tempted to think there will be a single best decision at any point along the way. The number of possible consequences flowing from any one decision is so large, however, as to bevirtually, if not actually, infinite. Therefore in lens design, as inchess, perfect solutions to a problem are beyond reach. Although this article will be concerned only with the design of photographic lenses, the same principles apply to all lenses.
　　
　　The lens designer has one enormous advantage over the chess player: the designer is free to call on any available source of help to guide him through the staggering number of possibilities. Most of that help once came from mathematics and physics, but recently computer technology, information theory,chemistry, industrial engineering and psychophysics have all contributed to making the lens designer's job immeasurably more productive. Some of the lenses on the market today were inconceivable a decade ago. Others whose design is as much as a century old can now be massproduced at low cost. With the development of automatic production methods, lenses are made by the millions, both out of glass and out of plastics. Today's lenses are better than the best lenses used by the great photographers of the past.Moreover, their price may lower, in spite of the fact that 19thcentury craftsmen worked for only a few dollars a week and today's lenses are more complex. The lens designer cannot fail to be grateful for the science and technology that have made his work easier and his creations more widely available, but he is also humbled: it is no longer practical for a fine photographic lens to be designed from beginning to end by a single human mind.
　　 31.Lens design and chess playing are similar in that ____.
　　 A) the final goal and the means by which it can be reached are known
　　 B) perfect solutions to a problem can be found
　　 C) any one decision at any point along the way to the goal can bring numerous possible results
　　 D) both A and C
　　 32.The final goal of designing a lens is ____.
　　A) to trap the opponent's lenses
　　B) to focus light with lenses
　　 C) to handmake lenses at low cost
　　 D) to reflect light by means of curved surfaces
　　 33.After the passage the author will talk about ____.
　　A) the principles of designing lenses
　　B) techniques of making contact lenses
　　C) the design of photographic lenses
　　D) styles of lenses
　　 34.Which of the following words cannot be used to describe today's lenses?
　　 A) More delicate.  B) Cheaper. C) Numerous. D) Unpopular.
　　35.Lens designers today ____.
　　 A) have a large source of help to fall back on  B) receive a low salary
　　 C) are less respectable than those of the past  D) are not decisive in the lens design
        
         
         

enone

　　Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
　　Part Ⅰ starts with a brief introductory chapter and then takes up Style and Organization, covering them in that order because skill or lack of skill in style affects all writing, while much technical writing is so short as to offer no problems of organization. These chapters are followed by one on Mechanics, covering matters of form that are peculiar to technical writing or else crop up in it with abnormal frequency.
　　
　　The chapter on Special Problems, which follows, performs a dual function. It provides writing assignments that may be used while the study of style, organization, and mechanics is still under way, and it explains ways of handling certain problems that may arise during the writing of reports, proposals, and other longer forms. We have also expanded the treatment of technical articles — recognizing the potential contribution of article writing to the career of the writer and the value of the article to science and technology.
　　In Part Ⅱ, a change of emphasis at one point is reflected in the new title　for Chapter 8, Nonformal Reports — Their Variation in Form and Purpose, which was formerly called Special Types of Reports. Though certain special types of reports are still discussed, additional emphasis is given to the fact that there does not exist any universally accepted set of types, under　which all reports can be classified.
　　Two other extensive changes have been made in Part Ⅱ: The chapter on Proposals, which first appeared in the second edition, has been rewritten and substantially expanded so as to cover that important subject more thoroughly. Also, an entirely new chapter, Oral Presentation of Technical Information, has been added. Though a study of this chapter is no substitute for training in public speaking, we believe that its recommendations can nevertheless be of substantial assistance to those who use this book on the numerous occasions when they will be called upon to present their ideas in person before a small group or a large audience.
　　36.The passage is most probably a preface to ____.
　　A) a technical writing handbook  B) a handbook on composition  C) a book on a literary writing  D) a scientific paper
　　 37.In part I, the writer arranges the chapters in the order of ____.
　　 A) Introduction—Organization—Special Problems—Style—Nonformal Reports
　　B) Introduction—Style—Organization—Special Types of Reports—Mechanics
　　C) Introduction—Style—Organization—Mechanics—Special Problems
　　D) Introduction—Style—Proposals—Special Problems—Mechanics
　　38.You can find some writing exercises in ____.
　　A) the chapter on Organization  B) the chapter on Style
　　 C) the chapter on Special Problems  D) the chapter on Proposals
　　 39.According to the passage, the chapter on Oral Presentation of Technical Information appears in ____ of the book.
　　A) Part Ⅰ of the first edition  B) Part Ⅱ of the second edition  C) Part Ⅰ of the second edition  D) Part Ⅱ of the third edition
　　 40.Which of the following is not true of Part Ⅱ of the new edition?
　　A) There isn't the chapter on Special Types of Reports.
　　 B) The chapter on Oral Presentation of Technical Information is rewritten and expanded.
　　C) The chapter on Proposals is a revised chapter.
　　D) There is a change of the title of Chapter 8.
        
         
         

ensix

Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
　　Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
　　41.____ allow the vegetable to go bad, he sold them at half price.
　　A) More than B) Rather than C) Other than D) Better than
　　 42.Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical ____.
　　A) facilitiesB) appliances C) instruments D) equipment
　　43.He ____ him what he asked.
　　A) denied  B) refuted C) ignored D) deprived
　　 44.The book does not ____ children.
　　A) submit to B) appeal to C) confess to D) consent to
　　 45.We have every size of shoe in ____.
　　A) storing  B) stock C) sale D) shop
　　 46.I ____ this man with receiving stolen goods.
　　A) accuse B) charge C) scold D) blame
　　 47.You've made a mistake—you've ____ the word.
　　A) left out B) left off C) left behind  D) left for
　　 48.Scientists first ____ the idea of the atomic bomb in the 1930s.
　　A) competed B) conceived C) consumed D) concealed
　　 49.You may take an oral or written exam ____ what you prefer.
　　A) according as  B) according to C) accordingly D) in accord
　　 50.The desks and seats can be ____ to the height of any child.
　　A) adopted B) shifted C) adjusted  D) corrected
        
         
         

ensix

　　 51.No further discussion ____ , the meeting was brought to a close.
　　A) arising B) raising C) arousing D) rising
　　 52. ____ , the British working class is better off today than it was a generation ago.
　　A) By and large  B) In detail C) By no means D) By and by
　　 53.Every man has the right to live where he wants to, ____ the colour of his skin.
　　A) regardless of B) prior to C) in case of  D) for the sake of
　　 54.The potato crop of 1946 was ____ that of 1945.
　　A) superior than  B) superior to C) more superior to D) more superior than
　　55.Books are ____ to scholars.
　　A) indispensable B) indifferent C) bound to D) accustomed to
　　 56. ____ such a difficult task, we must redouble our efforts.
　　A) To face with  B) We are facing C) Faced with D) Facing with
　　 57.Either of these young ladies ____ perfectly qualified to teach Greek, Latin and French.
　　A) were  B) are C) is D) have been
　　 58.Your hair needed ____ I am glad you had it cut.
　　A) cut B) cutting C) to cut D) being cut
　　 59.Studying hard is more rewarding ____.
　　 A) than to be lazy B) than being lazy C) than to be like a lazy person D) than it is to be lazy
　　 60.The Latin class had twenty students, ____ had had much better language training than I.
　　 A) most of which B) which C) most of them D) most of whom
        
         
         

entwo

　　Part Ⅳ
　　 71.【参考译文】 但你并不是整夜都保持这种第四阶段的沉睡状态，入睡后大约80分钟左右，你的大脑活动会再度略有加强。
　　【翻译技巧】 本句使用减词法。
　　ぁ痉译点评】 后半句“ brain activitiy level will increase again slightly.”句中 “ level”一词可以不译，“increase”一词则译为“加强”更好。
　　 72.【参考译文】 创造镜片时，镜片设计者试图“捕捉”光线，他们迫使源自物体某个点的所有光线穿过一组曲度准确的透镜，结果光线集中在影像的一个点上。
　　ぁ痉译技巧】 本句可用分译法，把长句子中的短语化为句子，分开来叙述，适当用增词 法并调整句子顺序。
　　ぁ痉译点评】 句中介词短语“ by forcing all the rays…to focus on a single point in the image”和后面的介词短语“as a consequence of…surfaces”。结合在一起先调整语序为“ by forcing all the rays…in the subject, after passing through…surfaces, focus on…in the image”，再将这个长长的介词短语译成两个句子，加上force的逻辑主语 they，所以译为“他们迫使源自物体某个点的所有光线穿过一组曲度准确的透镜，结果光线集中在影像的一个点上。”
　　 73.【参考译文】 然而，每做一个决定可能产生的结果数目之大，如果不是实际上的话，简直是无限的。
　　ぁ痉译技巧】 此句的主语部分需用逆序法。
　　ぁ痉译点评】 首先需要弄清此句结构，主干为： The number is so large as to be infinite。再将一些修饰性、限定性的成份加进去，就比较容易译出整句了。另外还需注意“virtually, if not actually”的意思，可见，这两个副词virtually与actually并不相同， 前者意为“几乎”，后者意为“实际上”。
　　 74.【参考译文】 我们亦扩充了处理专业技术文章的方法——是由于我们 认识到文章写作对写作者职业的潜在贡献以及对科学技术的价值。
　　【翻译技巧】 此题需采用“增词法”，还要注意句子的结构。
　　ぁ痉译点评】 句中“ the treatment of…”译为“处理……的方法”。破折号后面的分词短语由分词 recognizing加上两个带有各自定语的并列名词词组“the potential contribution of…”和“the value of…”组成，这个分词短语补充说明前面句子的理由，所以在“认识到……”之前加上“是由于我们”，使其与前面的句子更加紧凑、连贯。
　　 75.【参考译文】 虽然学习此章节不能替代对公开发言的训练，然而我们 相信此章节中的建议对那些使用此书的人大有裨益，他们在许多场合下被请求在一小群人或许多听众面前亲自陈述自己的意见。
　　ぁ痉译技巧】 本题采用“词类转换法”、“前置法”、“溶合法”。
　　ぁ痉译点评】 翻译时，将名词性词组“ a study of this chapter”译为动词性词组“学习本章”，“ no substitute for”译为“并不能替代”，“be of substantial assistance to”译为“对……大有裨益”;其次，将those后的定语从句放在其前译为“那些使用此书的人”;另外，将状语 on the numerous occasions与后面的定语从句溶合在一起译为“他 们在许多场合下……”
　　Part Ⅴ
　　写作指导
　　け疚氖枪赜诠有企业职工下岗的问题。本文要求考生用全面的观点来看待下岗这一现象， 还要求考生能就此现象发表一些自己的看法及可能的解决方案。这里必须注意“ layoff”这一词组的用法“ lay sb. off”意思是“stop employing sb. esp. for a period in which there is little work”，“layoff”是名词，意思是“the stopping of a worker's employment at a time when there is little work”所以“laidoff workers”才是指“下岗工人”，在范文中，第一段根据要求，写下岗是改革的需要，为了深化国有企业 的改革越来越多的工人下岗。注意，如果不仔细理解此段要求的话，很容易接下来就写下岗工人的“不幸”、因难的处境。但紧扣题纲，这一段必须写下岗的积极方面，可以就深化国企改革的需要方面进行展开，如使多余的工人下岗有利于提高国有企业的效率，帮助国企渡过难关，加速国家经济的发展，以便最终实现共同富裕。
　　さ诙段写下岗会带来的问题：给公众带来工作压力，很多人生活水平下降，犯罪率上升， 造成社会不安定，这一段需要注意的是，考生绝对不可以在此对下岗现象表现出不满或是太 偏激认为下岗是活该，应持中立态度，客观地分析下岗带来的问题。
　　さ谌段谈解决方案：政府应采取措施保障下岗工人的利益，提供再就业机会，下岗工人自 身也当提高自己的意识，以适应形势的需要。
　　Sample Writing
　　Layoffs in Stateowned Enterprises
　　In order to deepen the reform of stateowned enterprises, more and more workers are laid off. It is indeed necessary. Laying off redundant workers can help the enterprises overcome their difficulties and raise their efficiency and productivity. It also adds impetus to China's economic growth and thus help to lay a solid foundation for the common prosperity of the entire population, including the lai off workers.
　　However, carrying out layoffs places too much employment pressure on society and arouses many social problems, such as the decline of many people's living
　　standard, the increase of crime rate and social instability. So it's very important for the laidoff workers to be reemployed.
　　To solve these problems, the government should show concern for the workers and take effective measures to protect their interests. The enterprises laying off
　　workers should set up reemployment service centers to ensure their basic living standards, conduct professional training and help them get new jobs. The laidoff workers themselves should keep in mind that it's no use complaining and sighing.
　　As long as they stand up to being laid off, update their concepts about employment and adapt to new situations, they are sure to overcome the difficulty.