2010年6月大学英语四级考试全真预测(六)

英语自学网

　写作
　　Part IWriting(30 minutes)
　　Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic To Restrain Spending. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
　　1. 现在许多大学生花钱大手大脚。
　　2. 有人认为社会整体生活水平提高了，大学生花钱多一些无可厚非。
　　3. 你的看法。
　　【写作思路】
　　本文要求写一篇关于大学生花钱过多现象的议论文。首先简要描述大学生花钱过多的事实，接着写对此现象的不同看法，部分人认为社会整体生活水平提高了，大学生花钱多一些无可厚非，最后阐述自己的观点。
　　【参考范文】
　　To Restrain Spending
　　The monthly expenditures of college students have been on the rise in the past few years. Some argue that if the students earn the money themselves, how they spend it is none of other people’s business, and after all, the general living standard keeps rising. However, the fact is that most students live on the money their parents give them. The lure of a more comfortable and fashionable lifestyle—one with name brand clothing, mobile phones, MP3, and dining out or going to bars with a girlfriend—makes many to be frequent borrowers.
　　In my opinion, young students are sensitive to fashions and new trends, thus they easily find it impossible to make ends meet and run into debt. When a student’s spending steps beyond the boundaries of daily necessities, it becomes a kind of waste. Furthermore, widespread extravagant spending on campus could have a bad influence on people’s values. But many students see it as a common practice and not a fault. Though everyone has the right to enjoy a comfortable life, campus is a place for study. So just think twice before you sign a bill.
　　阅读理解
　　Passage One
　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
　　My father’s reaction to the bank building at 43rd Street and Fifth Avenue in New York city was immediate and definite: “You won’t catch me putting my money in there!” he declared, “Not in that glass box!”
　　Of course, my father is a gentleman of the old school, a member of the generation to whom a good deal of modern architecture is upsetting, but I am convinced that his negative response was not so much to the architecture as to a violation of his concept of the nature of money. In his generation money was thought of as a real commodity(实物) that could be carried, or stolen.
　　Consequently, to attract the custom of a sensible man, a bank had to have heavy walls, barred windows, and bronze doors, to affirm the fact, however untrue, that money would be safe inside. If a building’s design made it appear impenetrable, the institution was necessarily reliable, and the meaning of the heavy wall as an architecture symbol dwelt in the prevailing attitude toward money.
　　But the attitude toward money has, of course, changed. Excepting pocket money, cash of any kind is now rarely used; money as a tangible commodity has largely been replaced by credit. A deficit(赤字) economy, accompanied by huge expansion, has led us to think of money as product of the creative imagination. The banker no longer offers us a safe: he offers us a service in which the most valuable element is the creativity for the invention of large numbers. It is in no way surprising, in view of this change in attitude, that we are witnessing the disappearance of the heavy-walled bank.
　　Just as the older bank emphasized its strength, this bank by its architecture boasts of imaginative powers. From this point of view it is hard to say where architecture ends and human assertion(人们的说法) begins.
　　57.The main idea of this passage is that .
　　[A]money is not as valuable as it was in the past
　　[B]changes have taken place in both the appearance and the concept of banks
　　[C]the architectural style of the older bank is superior to that of the modern bank
　　[D]prejudice makes the older generation think that the modern bank is unreliable
　　58.How do the older generation and the younger one think about money?
　　[A]The former thinks more of money than the latter.
　　[B]The younger generation values money more than the older generation.
　　[C]Both generations rely on the imaginative power of bankers to make money.
　　[D]To the former money is a real commodity but to the latter is the means of producing more money.
　　59.The words “tangible commodity” (Line 2, Para. 4) refer to something .
　　[A]that is precious [B]that is usable
　　[C]that can be touched [D]that can be reproduced
　　60.According to this passage, a modern bank should be .
　　[A]ambitious and friendly [B]reliable and powerful
　　[C]sensible and impenetrable [D]imaginative and creative
　　61.It can be inferred from Para. 5 that the author’s attitude towards the new trend in banking is .
　　[A]cautious [B]regretful [C]positive [D]hostile
　　【全文翻译】
　　我父亲对位于纽约43大街和第五大街的银行大楼的反应是直接而明确的：“你骗不了，我不会把我的钱存在那里!”他说，“不会存在那个玻璃盒子里!”
　　当然，作为一名旧学校的绅士，我父亲属于厌烦大量现代建筑的那代人之一;但是，我确信，他的这种负面反应与其说是来自建筑，不如说是来自他对金钱本质概念的违背。在他那一代，金钱被认为是一种真正的实物，可以随身携带或者被偷走。
　　因此，为了吸引明智的顾客来存钱，银行的建筑必须装备厚重的墙、上闩的窗户、坚硬如铜的门，来印证一个事实：金钱存在这里是安全的;然而，这是不正确的。如果一栋建筑物的设计使它显得坚不可摧，那么这栋建筑物必然是可靠的，而且作为建筑物象征的厚重的墙，它的意义体现着对金钱的普遍态度。
　　但是，人们对金钱的态度发生了变化。除了零花钱外，现在很少使用任何其他形式的现金;作为一种有形的商品，钱在很大程度上已经被信用所代替。伴随有巨大扩张性的赤字经济，使得我们把钱看作是创造性想象的产物。银行给我们提供的不再是安全，而是一种服务，巨额财富的创造性发明是其中最有价值的要素。就(人们对金钱的)态度的这种改变而言，我们正在目睹拥有厚重墙的银行的消失绝对是不足为奇。
　　就像以前的银行注重实力一样，现在的银行通过其建筑物来强调想象的力量。从这个观点来看，很难说这种建筑于何地终结，人们的说法于何处开始。
　　【答案解析】
　　57.【解析】[B]主旨题。该题要求学生总结文章的主题。文章主要写了银行发展的两个方面:一是银行的外在建筑风格，过去的银行通常有heavy walls, barred windows 以及bronze doors，给人以非常可靠、放心踏实的感觉;二是银行的功能转变。选项B正是恰当的概括，所以应该是正确答案。文章并无涉及现在和过去对钱的价值比较，所以A项“钱不如过去值钱”不对。文章也没有对比哪种建筑风格更好，所以C项“过去的银行的建筑风格比现代银行的建筑风格更好”也不对。D项说“偏见使得老一辈人认为现代银行不可靠”，不符合文章意思。
　　58.【解析】[D]推断题。问题问老一代人与年轻一代人对钱的认识态度是什么?老一代人的看法可以从第三段最后一句看出:“In his generation money was thought of as a real commodity that...”年轻一代对钱的看法可以从第四段第四行至第六行，尤其是“... he offers us a service in which the most valuable element is the creativity for the invention of large numbers.”从上可以归纳出D项为该题的正确答案。
　　59.【解析】[C]词汇题。该题较容易，只要参阅第二段“commodity”后的定语从句“that could be carried, or stolen.”这实际上就是解释老一代人对钱的看法，他们认为钱是可以被携带或被偷走，也就是可以摸得到的实实在在的东西，C项正确。
　　60.【解析】[D]细节题。问题问现代银行应该具有什么功能?四选项的意思分别是:A“充满雄心且友好”，B“可靠且威力无穷”，C“明智且不可穿越”，D“富有想象力且有创造性”。要回答这个问题，应定位在文章第四段“...in which the most valuable element is the creativity”和第五段“... boasts of imaginative powers.”从中不难看出现代银行应该是富有想象力并且有创造力。
　　61.【解析】[C]推断题。该题要求学生判断作者对银行的外在风格和功能的转变这一趋势的态度。最明确的提示应该是第四段开头“But the attitude toward money has, of course, changed.”随后进一步分析了现代银行不同于过去银行的功能，作者用了“creative imagination”, 可以看出其态度是肯定的。C项正确。
　　完形填空
　　Part ⅤCloze (15 minutes)
　　Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
　　In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprise the whole vocabulary. First, there are those words 67 which we become acquainted in daily conversation, which we 68, that is to say, from the 69 of our own family and from our familiar associates, and 70 we should know and use 71 we could not read or write.
　　They 72 the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of all who 73 the language. Such words may be called “popular”, since they belong to the people 74 and are not the exclusive 75 of a limited class. On the other hand, our language 76 a multitude of words which are comparatively 77 used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little 78 to use them at home or in the market-place.
　　Our 79 acquaintance with them comes not from our mother’s 80 or from the talk of our school-mates, 81 from books that we read, lectures that we 82 , or the more 83 conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular 84 in a style appropriately elevated above the habitual 85 of everyday life. Such words are called “learned”, and the 86 between them and the “popular” words is of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process.
　　67.[A]at [B]with [C]by [D]through
　　68.[A]study [B]imitate [C]stimulate [D]learn
　　69.[A]mates [B]relatives [C]members [D]fellows
　　70.[A]which [B]that [C]those [D]ones
　　71.[A]even [B]despite [C]even if [D]in spite of
　　72.[A]mind [B]concern [C]care [D]involve
　　73.[A]hire [B]apply [C]adopt [D]use
　　74.[A]in public [B]at most [C]at large [D]at best
　　75.[A]right [B]privilege [C]share [D]possession
　　76.[A]consists [B]comprises [C]constitutes[D]composes
　　77.[A]seldom [B]much [C]never [D]often
　　78.[A]prospect [B]way [C]reason [D]necessity
　　79.[A]primary [B]first [C]principal [D]prior
　　80.[A]tips [B]mouth [C]lips [D]tongue
　　81.[A]besides [B]and [C]or [D]but
　　82.[A]hear [B]attend [C]hear from [D]listen
　　83.[A]former [B]formula [C]formal [D]formative
　　84.[A]theme [B]topic [C]idea [D]point
　　85.[A]border [B]link [C]degree [D]extent
　　86.[A]diversion [B]distinction [C]diversity [D]similarity
　　【全文翻译】
　　任何文明的语言均包括两大类词语，所有的词汇都是由这两类词语共同组成的。首先，有些词语是我们从日常会话中所学到的，也就是说，我们从家人和熟悉的伙伴那里学到的;对于这些词语，即使我们不会读或者不会写，我们也知道如何使用它们。
　　它们涉及生活中的一般性事情，是所有使用这种语言的人惯用的语言材料。这样的词语可以被称为“流行词语”，它们是属于人民大众的，而不是专属于某个特定的阶级的。另一方面，我们的语言中还包含着大量普通谈话中相对较少使用的词语。所有受过教育的人都知道它们的含义，但是很少有必要在家中或市场上使用它们。
　　我们不是从我们母亲的言语中或者与同学们的交谈中了解到这些词语的，而是从我们学习的书本、参加的讲座或者与受过高等教育的人的较正式的谈话中学到的。在讨论某个特殊的话题时，受过高等教育的人们采用一种超越日常生活习惯的、得体的谈话方式。这样的词语被称为“习得词语”。“习得词语”与“流行词语”之间的区别对于正确理解语言的形成过程起着非常重要的作用。
　　【答案解析】
　　67.【解析】[B]本句中由with which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词those words。短语become acquainted with sb./sth.意为“认识某人，了解某事”。
　　68.【解析】[D]imitate意为“模仿”，stimulate意为“刺激，激发”。study和learn都有“学习”的意思，study着重研究，而learn指一般性的学习，故选D。
　　69.【解析】[C]mate意为“伙伴，同事”，可组成复合名词，如：classmate同学，roommate同房间的人。relative意为“亲戚”，member意为“成员”，family member意为“家庭成员”，fellow意为“伙伴，家伙”。
　　70.【解析】[A]which引导非限制性定语从句，和前面的定语从句并列，修饰先行词those words,关系代词that只能在限制性定语从句中代替which。
　　71.【解析】[C]even if在这里引导条件状语从句。even是副词，不能引导状语从句。in spite of和despite表示“尽管”，为介词词组或介词，也不能引导状语从句。
　　72.【解析】[B]本句的意思是它们涉及生活中的一般性事情，是所有使用这种语言的人惯用的语言材料。concern意为“涉及”,mind和care表示“介意，计较”，relate表示“讲述、叙述”。
　　73.【解析】[D]use意为“使用”，apply意为“运用”，hire意为“雇用”，adopt意为“采纳”。
　　74.【解析】[C]at large意为“普遍的、一般的”，in public意为“公开地、当众”，at most意为“至多、不超过”，at best意为“充其量、至多”。
　　75.【解析】[C]share意为“份额、共享”。right和privilege意为“权利、特权”，在本句不符合题意。possession意为“拥有、占有”，通常指拥有财物。
　　76.【解析】[B]comprise“包含、包括、由……组成”。compose常用于被动结构be composed of表示“由……组成”。consist是不及物动词，必须和of组成短语动词表示“由……组成”，constitute意为“构成”。
　　77.【解析】[A]seldom意为“不经常、很少”。
　　78.【解析】[D]prospect意为“前景”;way“方式”;reason“理由”;necessity“必要性”。本句只有necessity符合句意。
　　79.【解析】[B]本句意为我们最初既不是从母亲嘴里，也不是从同学那里了解这些单词的。first“第一、首先”;primary“基本的、原始的”;prior“优先的、在先的”;principal“主要的、首要的”。
　　80.【解析】[C]learn sth. from one’s lips是固定搭配，表示“从某人嘴里得知”。
　　81.【解析】[D]but在这里表示转折的含义。
　　82.【解析】[B]attend a lecture“参加一个讲座”。
　　83.【解析】[C]formal“正式的”;former“以前的”;formula“公式、方程”;formative“形成的”。
　　84.【解析】[B]topic“话题”;theme“主题”;point“要点”。本句指讨论的话题，故选topic。
　　85.【解析】[D]degree和extent均可表示程度，但extent还可表示“范围”。本句意为：……讨论问题的方式超越了日常生活的范围，所以选extent。border“边界”;link“连接”。
　　86.【解析】[B]diversion“转移、转向”;distinction“差别”;diversity“多样性、变化”;similarity“相似之处”。本句意为：习得词语和流行词语之间的差别，故选distinction。
2010年6月大学英语四级考试全真预测(六) 节选自《大学英语四级考试全真预测卷》（赠mp3）