2015年12月英语四级翻译暑期练习32

英语自学网

　　英语四级考试中，四级翻译自改革后也是考生吐槽最多的难题之一，每年四六级考试结束后，考生都不免吐槽翻译写不出来云云，2015年12月份的四六级考试还离我们比较远，翻译是我们有过硬的基础才行，想要早点为下半年的四六级考试做准备就来看看四六级考试网整理的四级翻译练习题吧！

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【翻译原文】
　　中国实行在公共场所禁止吸烟的规定。此举旨在遏制死于与吸烟有关的疾病(smoking-related diseases)的人数，并保护那些不抽烟民众的健康。然而禁烟令的有效性却遭到了质疑，因为它没有明确规定如何处罚那些违反规定的人。在中国，大约有3亿烟民。很多商家因为抽烟客人的抱怨并不欢迎禁烟令。禁烟令涉及的公共场所包括酒店、饭店、剧院和火车站候车室等。却不包括办公场所(workplace)。
　　1.第1句可译为China has enforced a ban on smoking inpublic places，但把主语转化为“禁止吸烟的规定”(a banon smoking)更胜一筹，更能突出主题。
　　2.第3句中的“它没有明确规定如何处罚那些违反规定的人”如果逐字对译为doesn't specify how to punish thosewho violate the rules则显得复杂冗长，不符合英语表达习惯，故将“处罚”转换成名词，作动词“明确”的宾语，表达为specify any penalty。“违反规定的”用分词短语violating the rules来表达。
　　3.第4句“在中闻，大约有3亿烟民”可译为there are about 300 million smokers in China。而更有新意的译法是用“(数量)达到……”的短语stand at来表达，更为生动。
　　4.最后一句中的“禁烟令涉及的公共场所包括”如果直译为thepublic places that the ban includes are... 则显生硬，故将主语“公共场所"转换为地点状语，表达为the ban prohibits smoking in public places suchas...,使句子更自然顺畅。

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【参考译文】
　　A ban on smoking in public places has come into force in China. The move is aimed at curbing the number of deaths from smoking-related diseases and protecting the health of other nonsmoking people. But the ban has been questioned on its effectiveness because it doesn't specify any penalty for those violating the rules. The number of smokers in China stands at around 300 million. Many businesses don't welcome the ban because of the complaints about such rules from their customers who smoke. The ban prohibits smoking in public places such as hotels, restaurants，theatres, and waiting rooms at railway stations, but not in the workplace.