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2015年6月的英语四六级考试已经告一段落，听力部分一直以来都是同学们考试时的难点，也是吐槽最多的部分。2015年12月份的四六级考试还离我们比较远，但是千里之行始于足下，没有积累很难有提升，想要早点为下半年的四六级考试做准备就来四六级考试网练习一下英语四级听力题吧。
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听力材料：
President Barack Obama is calling for major changesto the American criminal justice system. He saysproblems in the current system are ones that thecountry can no longer ignore.
"In far too many cases," Mr. Obama said, "thepunishment simply doesn't fit the crime." He spoke in Philadelphia this week at a meeting of theNational Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the NAACP. The organizationworks in support of racial equality throughout the United States.
The president said the US jails as many people as the top 35 European nations combined.Currently, 2.2 million people are in held in US prisons. African-Americans and Latinos are jailedfor non-violent drug crimes at much higher rates than other groups of people.
"Our criminal justice system isn't as smart as it should be," Mr. Obama said. "It's not keepingus safe as it should be. It is not as fair as it should be. Mass incarceration makes our countryworse off."
In his speech, the president suggested either changing or removing laws that require courts togive jail sentences as punishment for non-violent drug crimes. He also said there should bemore job training programs for people while they are in prison.
In addition, Mr. Obama announced that the Department of Justice would examine the use of‘solitary confinement' in US prisons. This is a method of punishment where prisoners areplaced alone in small rooms for long periods. Studies have shown that solitary confinementcan have damaging psychological effects on prisoners.
The president urged Congress to approve a sentencing reform bill by the end of the year. Headmitted that many people need to be in prison, among them "murderers, predators, rapists[and] gang leaders." However, he said that in too many cases, those enforcing the law treatyoung blacks and Latino men differently than white Americans.
He said African Americans and Latinos received longer jail sentences than whites for similarcrimes. "About one in every 35 African American men, and one out of every 88 Latino men, is[in prison] right now,"he added.
His speech came a day after he commuted the jail time of 46 federal prisoners. Their sentenceswere reduced or cancelled. Each of the prisoners was sent to jail for a non-violent drug crime.The president's action was part of his effort to reform the criminal justice system.
The 46 prisoners were in jail for crimes involving the drug crack-cocaine. The minimum time inprison for such crimes is much higher than for crimes related to regular cocaine. Most of theprisoners would already be free if they had been sent to prison today, the Obamaadministration said. Fourteen were serving life prison sentences.
"These men and women were not hard criminals," the president said. "I believe, at its heart,America is a nation of second chances, and I believe these [people] deserve their secondchance."
The administration said Mr. Obama would be willing to commute more sentences in thecoming months if the conditions were right. "The statistics cannot be ignored. We cannot closeour eyes anymore," he said.
美国总统奥巴马呼吁对刑事司法制度进行重大改革。他表示，当前体系的弊端已经不容美国继续忽视下去。
奥巴马说，“在许多案件中，刑罚与罪行完全不符。”本周，他在费城全国有色人种协进会(NAACP)会议上发表了讲话。该组织致力于支持美国各地种族平等。
奥巴马总统表示，美国监狱关押的人数是欧洲排名前35的国家囚犯的总和。目前，美国监狱共收押了220万人。因非暴力毒品犯罪被关押的非裔美国人和拉丁美洲人比率远远高于其他种族。
“我们的刑事司法制度并不像原本应该的那样完善，没有像原本应该的那样保证我们的安全，没有像原本应该的那样公平。大规模监禁让我们的国家更加糟糕。”
在讲话中，奥巴马总统建议改革或取消要求法庭判处监禁来惩罚非暴力毒品犯罪的法律。他还表示，犯人服刑期间应该提供更多培训项目。
除此之外，奥巴马还宣布，司法部应该审查美国监狱中“单独监禁”的使用。这种刑罚长期将囚犯单独关押在狭小的空间里。研究表明，单独监禁伤害了囚犯的心理健康。
总统敦促国会在今年年底之前通过刑罚改革。他承认，许多人应该入狱，其中有“谋杀犯，捕猎者，强奸犯和犯罪团伙头目。”然而，他说，在许多案件中，执法人员将年轻黑人和拉美裔人与白人区别对待。
他说，由于类似的罪行，非裔美国人和拉美裔人被判处的刑期更长。他补充说，“每35名非裔美国人，每88名拉美裔美国人中，就有一人在监狱服刑。”
发表该讲话一天之前，他为46名联邦囚犯减刑。他们的刑期被缩短或取消。这些囚犯都是因为非暴力毒品犯罪而入狱。总统的行为是他改革刑事司法制度努力的一部分。
这46名囚犯入狱是因为涉及毒品快克可卡因的罪行。这类犯罪的最短刑期比普通可卡因犯罪刑期长得多。奥巴马政府称，如果是按照今天的刑罚来算，大部分囚犯应该已经刑满释放了。其中14人被判终身监禁，正在服刑。
“这些男女都不是重刑犯。我相信，美国是一个愿意给人第二次机会的国家，我相信，这些犯人值得获得第二次机会。”
政府表示，如果条件允许的话，未来几个月，奥巴马总统愿意为更多囚犯减刑。“统计数据不容忽略。我们不能继续视而不见。”他说。 |
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发表于 2016-7-28 21:09:15