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简介：为什么那么多的年轻人不喜欢学校，为什么社会对那些刚刚走上社会的孩子们充满了抱怨?教育和实际工作的脱节不止在中国存在，在英国，也有同样的问题，但是有人在尝试改变，或许能为我们打开一扇窗…
每个人的学习方法各有不同。有些人通过听讲来学习，而有些则通过实践。Geoff
Mulgan在演讲中介绍一种英国的新式学校——工作室学校。在这里，孩子们以小组形式通过完成项目来学习。
Some kids learn by listening; others learn by doing. Geoff Mulgan gives a
short introduction to the Studio School, a new kind of school in the UK where
small teams of kids learn by working on projects that are, as Mulgan puts it,
"for real."
Geoff Mulgan is director of the Young Foundation, a center for social
innovation, social enterprise and public policy that pioneers ideas in fields
such as aging, education and poverty reduction. He’s the founder of the
think-tank Demos, and the author of "The Art of Public Strategy."
Why you should listen:
Geoff Mulgan is director of the Young Foundation, a center for social
innovation, social enterprise and public policy with a 50-year history of
creating new organisations and pioneering ideas in fields as varied as aging,
education, healthcare and poverty reduction.
Geoff Mulgan是Young
基金理事，该基金组织是一个集合了创新、社会企业和公共政策的中心，已经有50年的历史，致力于创办新的组织，并在各个领域诸如老龄化，教育，健康和扶贫方面不断开拓。
Before the Young Foundation, Geoff Mulgan has held various roles in the UK
government including director of the Government's Strategy Unit and head of
policy in the Prime Minister's office, and he was the founder of the think-tank
Demos. He is chairing a Carnegie Inquiry into the Future of Civil Society in the
UK and Ireland. His most recent book is The Art of Public Strategy: Mobilising
Power and Knowledge for the Common Good.
在Young 基金之前，Geoff Mulgan曾在英国政府部门任职，包括政府战略单位主席，总理办公室政策主席，他还是智囊团(Think-tank)
Demos的创始人。他曾任卡耐基英国及爱尔兰未来文明社会。他最新的一本书叫The Art of Public Strategy: Mobilising
Power and Knowledge for the Common Good(《公共战略的艺术：调动普通事物的力量和知识》
0:11 What I want to talk about today is one idea. It's an idea for a new
kind of school, which turns on its head much of our conventional thinking about
what schools are for and how they work. And it might just be coming to a
neighborhood near you soon. Where it comes from is an organization called the
Young Foundation, which, over many decades, has come up with many innovations in
education, like the Open University and things like Extended Schools, Schools
for Social Entrepreneurs, Summer Universities and the School of Everything.
0:40 And about five years ago, we asked what was the most important need
for innovation in schooling here in the U.K. And we felt the most important
priority was to bring together two sets of problems. One was large numbers of
bored teenagers who just didn't like school, couldn't see any relationship
between what they learned in school and future jobs. And employers who kept
complaining that the kids coming out of school weren't actually ready for real
work, didn't have the right attitudes and experience.
1:06 And so we try to ask: What kind of school would have the teenagers
fighting to get in, not fighting to stay out? And after hundreds of
conversations with teenagers and teachers and parents and employers and schools
from Paraguay to Australia, and looking at some of the academic research, which
showed the importance of what's now called non-cognitive skills -- the skills of
motivation, resilience -- and that these are as important as the cognitive
skills -- formal academic skills -- we came up with an answer, a very simple
answer in a way, which we called the Studio School. And we called it a studio
school to go back to the original idea of a studio in the Renaissance where work
and learning are integrated. You work by learning, and you learn by working. And
the design we came up with had the following characteristics.
1:54 First of all, we wanted small schools -- about 300, 400 pupils -- 14
to 19 year-olds, and critically, about 80 percent of the curriculum done not
through sitting in classrooms, but through real-life, practical projects,
working on commission to businesses, NGO's and others. That every pupil would
have a coach, as well as teachers, who would have timetables much more like a
work environment in a business. And all of this will be done within the public
system, funded by public money, but independently run. And all at no extra cost,
no selection, and allowing the pupils the route into university, even if many of
them would want to become entrepreneurs and have manual jobs as well. Underlying
it was some very simple ideas that large numbers of teenagers learn best by
doing things, they learn best in teams and they learn best by doing things for
real -- all the opposite of what mainstream schooling actually does.
2:50 Now that was a nice idea, so we moved into the rapid prototyping
phase. We tried it out, first in Luton -- famous for its airport and not much
else, I fear -- and in Blackpool -- famous for its beaches and leisure. And what
we found -- and we got quite a lot of things wrong and then improved them -- but
we found that the young people loved it. They found it much more motivational,
much more exciting than traditional education. And perhaps most important of
all, two years later when the exam results came through, the pupils who had been
put on these field trials who were in the lowest performing groups had jumped
right to the top -- in fact, pretty much at the top decile of performance in
terms of GCSE's, which is the British marking system.
3:34 Now not surprisingly, that influenced some people to think we were
onto something. The minister of education down south in London described himself
as a "big fan." And the business organizations thought we were onto something in
terms of a way of preparing children much better for real-life work today. And
indeed, the head of the Chambers of Commerce is now the chairman of the Studio
Schools Trust and helping it, not just with big businesses, but small businesses
all over the country.
4:03 We started with two schools. That's grown this year to about 10. And
next year, we're expecting about 35 schools open across England, and another 40
areas want to have their own schools opening -- a pretty rapid spread of this
idea. Interestingly, it's happened almost entirely without media coverage. It's
happened almost entirely without big money behind it. It spread almost entirely
through word of mouth, virally, across teachers, parents, people involved in
education. And it spread because of the power of an idea -- so the very, very
simple idea about turning education on its head and putting the things which
were marginal, things like working in teams, doing practical projects, and
putting them right at the heart of learning, rather than on the edges.
4:55 Now there's a whole set of new schools opening up this autumn. This is
one from Yorkshire where, in fact, my nephew, I hope, will be able to attend it.
And this one is focused on creative and media industries. Other ones have a
focus on health care, tourism, engineering and other fields.
5:14 We think we're onto something. It's not perfect yet, but we think this
is one idea which can transform the lives of thousands, possibly millions, of
teenagers who are really bored by schooling. It doesn't animate them. They're
not like all of you who can sit in rows and hear things said to you for hour
after hour. They want to do things, they want to get their hands dirty, they
want education to be for real. And my hope is that some of you out there may be
able to help us.
5:44 We feel we're on the beginning of a journey of experiment and
improvement to turn the Studio School idea into something which is present, not
as a universal answer for every child, but at least as an answer for some
children in every part of the world. And I hope that a few of you at least can
help us make that happen.
6:02 Thank you very much.
6:04 (Applause)
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发表于 2016-7-12 22:06:21