美国企业寻求扩大减税的优惠计划
Business Seeks US Stimulus Tax Cuts2009年1月28日
Business groups are ramping up lobbying efforts to expand tax credits and incentives in President Barack Obama's $825 billion economic-stimulus bill slated for key Senate action this week.
The home-building industry wants to broaden and extend a $7,500 tax credit currently available for new-home buyers. The construction industry is working to head off strengthened requirements to buy American-made products, which it sees as unnecessary red tape. Small businesses want to extend a set of one-year tax incentives for investing in new equipment.
And a broad range of industries want to scrap a requirement that government contractors set aside 3% of the value of contracts to pay for possible cost overruns.
The tax provisions in the legislation 'are simply too small to have the desired impact,' said Bruce Josten, a top lobbyist for the U.S. Chamber of Commerce.
The growing lobbying efforts underscore a challenge for the new president and Democratic leaders on Capitol Hill: managing the demands of lawmakers and interest groups with a stake in the outcome of the evolving economic-recovery package. The package, which Democrats hope to pass by mid-February, includes both tax and spending measures aimed at creating jobs and reviving the flagging economy.
The Chamber of Commerce and a coalition of major U.S. businesses are pushing to temporarily waive taxation of certain transactions designed to restructure balance sheets and ease corporate debt burdens. The Senate bill includes a modest provision that would allow companies to defer taxation on such transactions in 2009 and 2010 but would require them to pay the taxes later.
美国企业寻求扩大减税优惠计划
美国各种行业组织都在加大游说力度，希望奥巴马总统能在其8,250亿美元的经济刺激法案中扩大抵税和税收优惠措施的范围。预计这项法案将成为参议院本周的工作重点。
房屋建筑业希望扩大和延长目前适用于新房买家的7,500美元的抵税额。建筑业正试图改变大力要求购买美国造产品的做法，它认为这是毫无必要的官样文章。小企业希望延长有关新设备投资的一项为期一年的优惠措施。
各行各业都希望放弃这项要求，即政府承包商拨出合同款的3%应付可能出现的成本超支。
劳伦斯?萨默（左）说美国经济复苏将会十分缓慢美国商会主要游说者约斯登说，立法中的纳税条款规模太小，不足以产生期盼的效果。
越来越多的游说努力凸显出新总统和国会民主党领导人所面临的挑战：鉴于不断变化的经济复苏方案的结果同某些国会议员和利益集团存在利害关系，应如何掌握他们的要求。这项方案包括旨在创造就业机会和推动经济振兴的税收和支出措施。民主党希望能在2月中旬前通过。
美国商会和美国主要企业的一个联盟正在推动暂时豁免某些交易税，以重组资产负债表，减轻企业债务负担。参议院法案中包含了一个力度不大的条款，允许企业在今明两年对此类交易推迟缴税，但要求它们此后要缴纳税款。
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