考研常考的单词辨析四
考研常考单词辨析四model [?mɑdl] n.①样式，型；②模范，典型；③模型；④原型，模特；v.（on，after）模仿，构造
【真题例句】 Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.
【例句精译】 一些经济学家认为，旧的经济模式是建立在经济增长和通货膨胀历史联系的基础上的，而世界结构的巨大改变可能已使这套模式不再适用了。
【真题例句】 What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain’s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented — and human perception far more complicated — than previously imagined.
【例句精译】 在试图模仿人类思维的过程中，研究人员发现，人类大脑中的近1000亿个神经细胞要比以前想像的更聪明，人类的感觉器官也比以前想像的更复杂。
mold n.①模子，铸型；②霉菌；v.形成，成形
【真题例句】 Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then.
【例句精译】 亚历山大?弗莱明爵士可不是像传说中的那样，看了一眼奶酪上的霉菌就立刻想到了青霉素的发明。
【真题例句】 68. The writer’s experiment shows that downshifting _____. helps her mold a new philosophy of life
【例句精译】 68、作者的尝试表明：放慢生活节奏_____。 帮助她形成了新的人生观
narrow ['n?ro]a.狭窄的，狭隘的；v.①限制，限定；②变窄，收缩 【真题例句】 For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept — what you think you want to do — then broaden it.
【例句精译】 寻找任何职业，你都要从一个狭窄的概念开始，即你想干什么工作，然后再加以扩展。
【真题例句】 Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.” says one expert.
【例句精译】 比如把个人求职要求越具体明确就有可能对你越不利，一位专家说：“你每回答一次问题你就丧失一次机会。”
【真题例句】 It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. 【例句精译】 随着其他国家日益强盛，美国从这一优势地位逐渐下降是不可避免的。
nature [?net??] n.①自然界，大自然；②性质，本性，天性
【真题例句】 No other species fills so many places in nature .
【例句精译】没有其他物种充斥着自然中如此多的空间。
【真题例句】 The jury agreed that the nature of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete's injury.
【例句精译】 陪审团也认为造成该运动员受伤的是这项运动本身的危险性，而不是头盔。
note n.①笔记，记录；②按语，注释；③便条，短笺；④钞票，纸币；⑤暗示，建议v.①记下，摘下；②表明，认为
【真题例句】 But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river — and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”
【例句精译】 在某首诗中，未来派诗人用一行文字描写了一名土耳其军官和一名保加利亚军官在桥上发生搏斗的场面，结果双双从桥上掉进河中；看了这首诗，有点让人摸不着头脑；后来看了注解才发现，诗把他们两人落水的声音和体重写在了一起：“扑通！扑通！185公斤。”
【真题例句】 There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.
【例句精译】 他们的说法有着浓厚的虚伪色彩，正如马从马厩跑出来后再关上马厩的门，而受过良好教育的人自己正骑在那些马背上那样的虚伪。
【真题例句】 “The term‘anti-science’ can lump together too many, quite different things,” notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science, “They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.”
【例句精译】 “‘反科学’这个词可以涵盖太多截然不同的东西”，哈佛大学的哲学家杰拉尔德?霍尔顿在其1993年的著作《科学和反科学》中写道：“它们惟一的共同点就是会激怒或威胁那些自以为更开明的人。”
【真题例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are programs that address the many needs of the homeless.
【例句精译】 《波士顿环球日报》记者克里斯?雷迪认为只有通过全面规划来解决这些无家可归者的各种需求，这种局面才有可能得到改善。 novel [?nɑv?l]n.（长篇）小说；a.新奇的，新颖的
【真题例句】 Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, my experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.
【例句精译】 奇怪的是，大约两年半的时间我写完两部小说后，我这个被美国人称为“换低档”的试验，却使我老掉牙的借口变成了现实。
【真题例句】 60. When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_____. determine its purposes
【例句精译】 60、当出现新的艺术思潮时，人们应该尽力_____。 确定其目的
objective [?b?d??kt?v] n.目标，目的；a.客观的，真实的
【真题例句】 A unity of objectives that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.
【例句精译】 也就是说，既能达到我们共同的目的，又能兼顾不同国家各自的特色。
【真题例句】 They provide a quick, objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person learned , the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is.
【例句精译】 标准化测试提供了快速、客观地得到某些信息的方法。这些信息是有关一个人所学到的知识，他所获得的技能，或者是他属于哪一类型的人。
oblige [??bla?d?] v.①强迫；②责成；③（使）感激，施恩于
【真题例句】 Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.
【例句精译】 另外，欧共体的融合性也会迫使电视传媒集团在节目的制作和流通中，与他人更进一步地合作。
【真题例句】 We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.
【例句精译】 我们之所以感激他们（两位先驱），是因为在此之后，这些（土著）语言中有一些已经不复存在了，这是由于说这些语言的部族或是消亡了，或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。 opening [?op?n??] n.①口子，孔；②开始，开端；③空缺，机会；a.开始的，开幕的
【真题例句】 Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening .
【例句精译】 过了三个星期，他接到第一份有职位空缺的通知。 【真题例句】 21. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by _____. making a comparison.
【例句精译】 21、在起始段，作者通过_____引入主题。 进行对比
outlet[?a?t?l?t, -l?t] n.①出路，出口；②发泄方法，排遣；③经销店
【真题例句】 In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T's violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet .
【例句精译】 1992年公司因出品冰特乐队狂暴的说唱歌曲《警察杀手》而备受谴责时，列文把它描绘成是街头文化的合法表达方式，说它应该有自己的宣泄途径。
【真题例句】 From car dealerships to Gap outlets , sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending.
【例句精译】 由于购物者节约他们的支出,从汽车代理商到Gap名牌零售折扣店,数月以来销售一直滞缓。
panel[?p?n?l] n.①面，板；②控制板，仪表盘；③专门小组
【真题例句】 They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment.
【例句精译】 他们建造的机器人在严格控制的工厂环境里，能够在仪表盘上识别毫米以下的误差。
【真题例句】 The panel then informally accepted several general conclusions, although some details have not been settled.
【例句精译】 随后，该小组非正式地接受了几条一般的结论，尽管有些细节尚无定论。
partial[?pɑr??l] a.①部分的，不完全的；②偏袒的，不公平的
【真题例句】 In this search the evidence found is always incomplete and scattered, it is also frequently partial or partisan.
【例句精译】 这样的研究中所发现的证据总是不完整的，通常也会带来片面性，还会出现帮派之争。
【真题例句】 53. The author deems that the well-known TV personality is _____. obviously partial in his views on advertising
【例句精译】 53、作者认为：那位著名的电视人物_____。 对广告的评价有明显的偏见
passage[?p?s?d?] n.①段落，节；②通过，经过；③通路，走廊
【真题例句】 The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage of the plates. 【例句精译】 热点及其火山痕迹是板块移动的标志。
pattern [?p?t?n] n.①模式，式样；②图案，图样；v.仿制，模仿
【真题例句】 And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns .
【例句精译】当然，会讲一种语言并不意味着就理解该语言的社会和文化内涵。
【真题例句】Implicit within Tylor's definition is the concept that culture is learned, shared, and patterned behavior.
【例句精译】 泰勒的文化定义蕴含着这一概念，即文化是后天习得的，人类共有的，被模仿的行为。 pepper [?p?p?]n.①胡椒粉，胡椒；②辣椒；vt.连续投（发问等）
【真题例句】 Although no such evidence was preserved, the casino’s marketing department continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino ad used his Fun Card without being detected.
【例句精译】虽然并没有证据，但是娱乐场的市场部门继续向他提供邮件。他进入娱乐场并使用他的卡片，并且没有人发觉。
perfect [?p?f?kt]a.①完善的，无瑕的；②完全的，十足的；v.使完美，改进
【真题例句】 Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. 【例句精译】 因为这些特点，它们（猴子）成为了Brosnan和de Waal博士的最佳研究“侯选人”。
【真题例句】 However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible.
【例句精译】 然而，对地何时能够进行超光速旅行，何时人类克隆技术能够完善，何时时间旅行成为可能，仍未作出预测。
perspective n.①视角；②透视法；③（in ～）正确地
【真题例句】 The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.
【例句精译】 强调收集第一手资料，加上在分析过去和现在文化形态时采用跨文化视角，使得这一研究成为一门独特并且非常重要的社会科学。
【真题例句】 Not everyone sees that process in .It is important to do so. 【例句精译】 并不是所有人都能正确看待这一进程，虽然了解这一点非常重要。
reason [?riz?n] n.①理由，原因；②理性，理智；v.①推论，推理；②说服，评理；③讨论，辩论
【真题例句】 That’s one reason why the idea of a national list hasn’t gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast.
【例句精译】 这就是为什么全国性药品名录还未出台的原因，也是药品格居高不下的原因。
【真题例句】 And so it does — and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.
【例句精译】 的确如此——如果理性是创世纪论和进化论之争的惟一标准，一切问题也就迎刃而解了.
【真题例句】 He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another.
【例句精译】 他归因到：因为人们很容易用某一特定的语言形成一些不容混淆的概念，语言的使用者往往会沿着同一条轨迹思考问题。
review v.回顾，复习；n.①回顾，复习；②评论
【真题例句】 Practice tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material.
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