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2012考研真题词汇前缀必背:向下

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发表于 2016-7-9 22:27:43 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  北京新东方学校国内考试部词汇名师金凌虹老师与考研学子分享《基于大纲要求考研真题词汇前后缀》,本文为必背考研词汇前缀部分。
          1.4 向下
          De-向下
          decreasing  [di:'kri:si?]   adj.递减的,减少的
          delight  [di?lait]n.高兴;使人高兴的东西(或人) v.高兴,欣喜 (向下变轻)
          design  [di'zain]  n.设计, 图样, 图案, 目的 v.设计, 计划
          depth  [depθ]   n.深度, 深刻, 深奥, 深, 厚度   in-depth 深度的
          deny  [di?nai]vt.否认,不承认;拒绝给予,拒绝要求
          depress  [di?pres]vt.使沮丧;使不景气,削弱;按下,压下 (depressed)
          depression [di?pre??n] n.抑郁,沮丧;不景气,萧条(期);洼地
          depict  [di?pikt]vt.描绘,描述
          despite  [di'spait]  prep.尽管, 不管 n.憎恨, 轻视  (spit-吐唾沫)
          deride  [di'raid] v.嘲笑, 愚弄
          The U.S.workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor U.S. economic performance.  2009T-3
          ridiculous  [ri?dikjul?s]a.可笑的,荒谬的
          Infra-底下
          infrastructure  ['infr?'str?kt??]  n.基础, 基础设施
          Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might
          well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society)
          in the United States.  2001-T2
          building industrial infrastructure
          inferior [in?fi?ri?] a.劣等的,次的;下级的 n.下级,下属
          inferiority  [in?fi?ri'?riti] n. 自卑, 低劣
          Sub-向下
          subtle ['s?tl] adj.微妙的, 敏锐的, 不明显的, 精细的, 狡猾的
          too subtle to recognize
          subtle relations 关系微妙 ;[subtle] distinction 细微的区别
          submit [s?b?mit]  vi.(to)屈服,听从 vt.呈送,提交;主张
          subject [?s?bd?ikt]n.主题;学科;对象;主语 vt.使服从
          changed subjects' behavior.
          作形容词:易受...的;易患...的[F][+to]
          Japan is subject to earthquakes. 日本常发生地震
          Our plans are subject to the weather. 我们的计划取决于天气如何。
          做及物动词 vt. This country was once subjected to foreign rule. 这个国家一度曾受外国统治。
          subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies
          subconscious  ['s?b'k?n??s]  adj.潜意识的, 下意识的 n.潜意识
          subtitle  [?s?b?taitl]n.(书籍)副标题;译文字幕
          suburban  [s??b?:b?n]a.郊区的  n.郊区居民
          subfield  ['s?bfi:ld] n. 子域, 分科
          subordinate  [s??b?:din?t]a.下级的;(to)次要的 n.下级 vt.使从属于
       
            
            
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          Under底下
          under-nutrition 营养不足
          underline [??nd??lain, ??nd?rlain] vt.在…下面划线;强调,使突出
          undergraduate  [??nd??gr?d?uit]n.大学本科生
          undertake  [??nd??teik]vt.承担,着手做;同意,答应,保证
          understatement  [??nd??steitm?nt]n.轻描淡写  2002T-1
          underground  [??nd??graund]a./ ad.地下(的);秘密的(地) n.地下组织
          underdeveloped  [??nd?di'vel?pt]   adj.发育不全的, 不发达的
          undeveloped  ['?ndi'vel?pt]   adj.未开发的, 不发达的, 未充分发育的
          undertreatment  [?nd?'tri:tm?nt] 处理不足
          It identifies the undertreatment of painand the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care. 2002-T-4
          undergo  [??nd?'g?u]   vt.经历, 经受, 遭受
          for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. 2003-T3
          in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization -- with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed-- was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. 2000-翻译
          underrate  [??nd?'reit]   v.低估,看轻
          The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be
          insensitive smellers compared with animals 2005-完型
          underlie  [??nd?'lai]    v.位于 ... 之下, 成为 ... 的基础, [经]优先于
          underlying  [??nd?'laii?] adj.潜在的, 隐含的, 在下面的, 基本的, 优先的
          Such behaviour is regarded as "all too human," with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. 2005T-1
          underfund  [??nd?'f?nd] vt. 对 ... 提供资金不足
          As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people's lives. 2003-T4
          Hypo-向下
          hypothesis [hai?p?θisis]  n.假说,假设,前提
          hypotheses  [hai'p?θisi:z]   n. 臆断, 假设  名词hypothesis的复数形式
          The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one
          of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. 2008-完型
          hypothetical  ['haip?u'θetik?l]  adj.假设的, 假定的
          Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the universe, it is just ________
          and needs proving.
          [A] spontaneous   [B] hypothetical    [C] intuitive      [D] empirical  2001
          hypocritical  [hip??kritik]a.伪善的
          hypocrisy  [hi?p?krisi]n.伪善,虚伪
       
            
            
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          Down - 向下
          downside ['daunsaid]  n. 下降趋势(价格方面), 消极面, 负面
          downgrade [?daungreid] vt.使降低,使降级
          download  ['daunl?ud]  v.下载 n.下载
          downsize  ['daun'saiz] v.缩小规模, 以较小尺寸设计或制造  2001-T5
          downscale  ['daunskeil]   v. 缩减 ... 规模或比例adj. 低收入消费者的
          So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard's department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. "I don't know if other clients are going to abandon me, too." she says.
          slowdown  ['sl?udaun]  n.降低速度, 减速
          Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom. 2004-T3-54
          downshifting  ['daun?ifti?]n. 转换低速, 减慢节奏
          Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, my experiment in
          what the Americans term "downshifting" has turned my tired excuse into an absolute
          reality. 2001-T5
          breakdown  [?breikdaun]n.垮台;衰竭;损坏,故障;分类
          the breakdown of informal information channels 1995-T3-59B
          Cata-向下(大纲无)
          category  [?k?tig?ri]n.种类,类,类别 2010新题型
          While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear
          to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. "Women are particularly
          susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress
          compared to men," 2008T1
          cater  ['keit?]  v.提供饮食及服务, 迎合, 满足
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