2018年6月英语四级模拟题及答案（九）

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　　Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
        　　Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is
followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are
four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and
mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the
center.
        　　Passage One
        　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
        　　Acculturation, which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new
generations of children the customs and values of the parents' culture. How
people treat newborns, for example, can be indicative of cultural values. In the
United States it is not uncommon for parents to put a newborn in a separate room
that belongs only to the child. This helps to preserve parents' privacy and
allows the child to get used to having his or her own room, which is seen as a
first step toward personal independence. Americans traditionally have held
independence and a closely related value, individualism, in high esteem. Parents
try to instill these prevailing values in their children. American English
expresses these value preferences: children should "cut the (umbilical) cord"
and are encouraged not to be "tied to their mothers' apron strings." In the
process of their socialization children learn to "look out for number one" and
to "stand on their own two feet".
        　　Many children are taught at a very early age to make decisions and be
responsible for their actions. Often children work for money outside the home as
a first step to establishing autonomy. Nine-or ten-year-old children may deliver
newspapers in their neighborhoods and save or spend their earnings. Teenagers
(13 to 18 years) may baby-sit neighbors' homes in order to earn a few dollar a
week. Receiving a weekly allowance at an early age teaches children to budget
their money, preparing them for future financial independence. Many parents
believe that managing money helps children learn responsibility as well as
appreciate the value of money.
        　　21. According to this passage, the way people treat newborns _____.
        　　A) is a sign of their customs
        　　B) is an indication of their level of knowledge
        　　C) symbolizes their social system
        　　D) varies from culture to culture
        　　22. The expression, "to cut the cord", is used to show that _____.
        　　A) children don't like their parents
        　　B) parents don't feel close to their children
        　　C) parents would not like to live together with their children
        　　D) independence from one's family is an important personal goal in USA
        　　23. Children who are "tied to the apron strings" _____.
        　　A) are caught in their mothers' aprons
        　　B) must always wear an apron when they eat
        　　C) are very dependent on their mothers
        　　D) are independent from their parents
        　　24. American people often let their children work for money outside the
home at a very early age because _____.
        　　A) children have to earn money to help the family
        　　B) they need more money
        　　C) they want them to begin establishing autonomy
        　　D) children have to save money for future use
        　　25. It can be inferred from this passage that _____.
        　　A) Americans are money lovers
        　　B) Americans admire independence
        　　C) Americans are good at decision-making
        　　D) Americans are all responsible
            
            

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        　　Passage Two
        　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
        　　Many people believe that the glare from snow causes snowblindness. Yet,
dark glasses or not, they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering
eyes, and even snowblindness, when exposed to several hours of "snow light".
        　　The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not
cause snowblindness in troops in a snow-covered country. Rather, a man's eyes
frequently find nothing to focus on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered
terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire
landscape in search of something to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour,
the eyes never stop searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles
ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and more fluid which
covers the eyeballs. The fluid covers the eyeball in increasing quantity until
vision blurs, then is obscured, and the result is total, even though temporary,
snowblindness.
        　　Experiments led to the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem.
Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen
bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape.
Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight, dark colored objects ahead on
which they too can focus. The men following can then see something. Their gaze
is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see, stop
scouring the snow-blanketed landscape. By focusing their attention on one object
at a time, the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snowblind or
lost. In this way the problem of crossing a solid white terrain is overcome.
        　　26. To prevent headache, watering eyes and blindness caused by the glare
from snow, dark glasses are _____.
        　　A) indispensable
        　　B) useful
        　　C) ineffective
        　　D) available
        　　27. When the eyes are sore tears are produced to _____.
        　　A) clear the vision
        　　B) remedy snowblindness
        　　C) ease the irritation
        　　D) loosen the muscles
        　　28. Snowblindness may be avoided by _____.
        　　A) concentrating on the solid white terrain
        　　B) searching for something to look at in snow-covered terrain
        　　C) providing the eyes with something to focus on
        　　D) covering the eyeballs with fluid
        　　29. The eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache because _____.
        　　A) tears cover the eyeballs
        　　B) the eyes are irritated by blinding sunlight
        　　C) the eyes are irritated by blinding snow
        　　D) there is nothing to focus on
        　　30. A suitable title for the passage would be _____.
        　　A) Snowblindness and How to Overcome It
        　　B) Nature's Cure for Snowblindness
        　　C) Soldiers in the Snow
        　　D) Snow Vision
            
            

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        　　Passage Three
        　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
        　　Until the 1980s, the American homeless population comprised mainly older
males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a
25-city survey by the U.S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with
children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many
homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient and frequently
frightened student population creates additional problems-both legal and
educational-for already overburdened urban school administrators and
teachers.
        　　Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three
million. Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary
radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates,
states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of
whom do not attend school on a regular basis. But the National Coalition for the
Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children,
and that less than half of them attend school regularly.
        　　One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count
consists of the "throwaway" youths who have been cast off their homes. The
Elementary School Center in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million
of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in
family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.
        　　Federal law, the Stewart McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes
a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The
educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all
homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.
        　　31. In 1987, the American homeless population was made up of _____.
        　　A) older males B) school children
        　　C) adults D) both A and B
        　　32. The author implies in the first paragraph that _____.
        　　A) the homeless population is growing rapidly
        　　B) there is serious shortage of school administrators and teachers
        　　C) homeless children often move from place to place
        　　D) homeless children usually stay outside schools
        　　33. The National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are _____
homeless children.
        　　A) 7000,000 B) 350,000
        　　C) 440,000 D) 70,000
        　　34. One part of the homeless population is difficult to count. The reason
might be that _____.
        　　A) homeless children live on the streets
        　　B) homeless children have no parents
        　　C) the homeless are too young to be counted as children
        　　D) the homeless children are not taken as members of their families
        　　35. The aim of the McKinney Act is to _____.
        　　A) offer education for homeless children
        　　B) provide family shelters for homeless children
        　　C) reduce the number of homeless children
        　　D) estimate the number of homeless population
            
            

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        　　Passage Four
        　　Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
        　　If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only
themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public
in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the
designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have
to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it,
only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe(衣柜) packed full of
clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.
        　　Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.
Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have
hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way,
waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened
or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on.
        　　No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really
important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things
like warmth, comfort and durability(耐用). They are only interested in outward
appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any
amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who
hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin
dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in
high-heeled shoes.
        　　When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to
be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes,
one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too
clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging
styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is
for you to decide.
        　　36. Designers and big stores always make money .
        　　A) by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry
        　　B) because they are capable of predicting new fashions
        　　C) by constantly changing the fashions in women's clothing
        　　D) because they attach great importance to quality in women's clothing
        　　37. To the writer, the fact that women alter their old-fashioned dresses is
seen as .
        　　A) a waste of money B) a waste of time
        　　C) an expression of taste D) an expression of creativity
        　　38. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more
stress on the of clothing.
        　　A) cost B) appearance
        　　C) comfort D) suitability
        　　39. According to the passage, which of the following statements is
TRUE?
        　　A) New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of
women.
        　　B) The constant changes in women's clothing reflect their strength of
character.
        　　C) The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.
        　　D) Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by
women.
        　　40. By saying "the conclusions to be drawn are obvious" (Lines 1-2, Para.
4) the writer means that .
        　　A) women's inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at
        　　B) women are better able to put up with discomfort
        　　C) men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers
        　　D) men are more stable and reliable in character
        　　Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)
        　　Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each
sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer
that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the
Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
        　　41. They went to make her feel at home.
        　　A) out B) about
        　　C) out of their way D) their way
        　　42. Many species of animals which once lived on the earth are no longer in
.
        　　A) evidence B) effect
        　　C) essence D) existence
        　　43.China's first automatic four-color glass printer was by a
worker-technician.
        　　A) discovered B) recognized
        　　C) invented D) revealed
        　　44. When we found out that the village was short of hands for the building
of the reservoir, we all went there to .
        　　A) help out B) lend our hands
        　　C) give our hands D) their rescue
        　　45. his accent, he must be from the south.
        　　A) Concerned B) Determined
        　　C) Judging by D) Decided by
        　　46. This middle school is attached a normal college.
        　　A) for B) by C) to D) in
        　　47. After a while he to inform me of the progress of the work.
        　　A) set off B) beginning
        　　C) began with D) proceeded
        　　48. The peasants supply the workers with food, and the workers supply the
peasants with manufactured goods.
        　　A) at turn B) on turn
        　　C) in turn D) by turns
        　　49. He felt uneasy at the of his mother's illness.
        　　A) risk B) cost
        　　C) thought D) point
        　　50. Peasants over 80 percent of the Chinese population.
        　　A) make B) consist
        　　C) are composed D) constitute
            
            

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        　　51. The reactionary policemen broke and arrested many progressive
students.
        　　A) out B) into C) in D) off
        　　52. As far as the quality of tones is concerned, this radio-set is quite
.
        　　A) up to the standard B) up to no good
        　　C) in demand D) well up in
        　　53. The mass of an object is multiplied by the speed of light squared;
other words, the speed of light is multiplied by itself.
        　　A) by B) for C) in D) with
        　　54. People do not like such persons who are always the way of others.
        　　A) on B) by C) in D) get into
        　　55. In Japan men usually have to when they reach the age of 55.
        　　A) abandon B) dismiss C) retire D) resign
        　　56. Your father likes to play golf; he's really enthusiastic it.
        　　A) by B) about C) with D) on
        　　57. I ran Alice, who was on her way to see how I was getting along.
        　　A) up B) out C) over D) into
        　　58. He felt quite when he stayed with us.
        　　A) pleasantly B) anxiously C) at ease D) easily
        　　59. In less than a year, he came to terms his life and work there.
        　　A) to B) with C) in D)for
        　　60. I a girl in Hawaii; we write to each other once a month.
        　　A) communicate by B) drop a line
        　　C) correspond to D) correspond with
        　　61. He longed to visit Beijing, he dreamed about it.
        　　A) much so that B) so much so much
        　　C) much so much that D) so much so that
        　　62. We should read the daily press to keep current events.
        　　A) under B) track of
        　　C) faith with D) count of
        　　63. All the people in this village have black hair. They all each
other.
        　　A) resemble as B) resemble with
        　　C) resemble D) resemble from
        　　64. It's unfortunate that our director simply sat our suggestions and did
nothing about it.
        　　A) out B) in C) on D) over
        　　65. The noise was terrible, but I had to live it.
        　　A) with B) through C) down D) on
        　　66. As soon as World War II ended, Einstein urged that atomic energy put to
peaceful uses.
        　　A) is B) would be C) was to D) be
        　　67. I spoke to the child kindly him.
        　　A) as not frighten B) so as not to frighten
        　　C) for not frightening D) in order to not frighten
        　　68. , she ran out of the room..
        　　A) Having tears in her eyes and turned suddenly
        　　B) With a sudden turn, tearful eyes
        　　C) Turning suddenly, with tears in her eyes
        　　D) With tears in her eyes and suddenly turning
        　　69. We were overjoyed at the news of China her own manmade satellite.
        　　A) to have launched B) to launch
        　　C) launched D) having launched
        　　70. enter university one day, I would work very hard.
        　　A) Would I ever B) Ever would I
        　　C) Ever should I D) should I ever
        　　Part IV Translation (15 minutes)
        　　Directions: Translate the five sentences from the four reading passages
into Chinese.
        　　71. How people treat newborns, for example, can be indicative of cultural
values.
        　　72. Often children work for money outside the home as a first step to
establishing autonomy.
        　　73. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire
landscape in search of something to look at.
        　　74. Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to
three million.
        　　75. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that
have hardly been worn.
        　　Part V Writing (30 minutes)
        　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a
composition on the topic "Honesty Is the Best Policy ". You should write at
least 100 words and base your composition on the outlines given below.
        　　1. My understanding of the proverb "Honest Is the Best Policy" (诚实为上策).
        　　2. The results of dishonesty.
        　　3. My conclusion.
        　　Honesty Is the Best Policy
            
            

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        　　答案
        　　21. ADCCB 26. CCCDA 31. DBCDA 36. CBCAD
        　　41. CDCAC 46. CDCCD 51. CACCC 56. BDCBD 61. DBCCA 66. DBCDD
        　　71. 比如说，人们如何对待新生儿可以显示出文化价值观来。
        　　72.通常孩子们在家庭以外工作挣钱，做为确立自主性的第一步。
        　　73.所以他的目光一直游移不定，在整个地方来回地跳动以找到可以看的东西。
        　　74.对无家可归的美国人数目估计最少是350，000人，最多3，000，000人。
        　　75.许多妇女每年花费大量金钱购买时装，以替换那些几乎从来没穿过的衣服