失业与就业-经济学家永恒的话题(1/2)

英语自学网

桑迪飓风对美国经济影响甚微，但有经济学家认为失业率的下降只是因为很多人对就业失望退出了求职队伍，也有经济学家认为该关注的数字不是失业率而是就业人数。
Hints:
Hurricane Sandy
The Bureau of Labor Statistics
Aaron Task
Heidi Shierholz
一处连字符
翻译注解：未丸宸
校对：jessie319  
组长&答疑：sakuradeath
点评：迢里
口语节目地址：http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/11921/item/706572/Despite wreaking havoc in the Northeast states and devastating hundreds of businesses, Hurricane Sandy's impact on jobs appears to have been minimal. The Bureau of Labor Statistics says U.S. companies hired more workers than expected in November, sending the nation's unemployment rate to a four-year low.
But Yahoo Finance expert Aaron Task says the rate fell for the wrong reasons. "A lot of people dropped out of the labor force. That's why the unemployment rate went down, not because 146,000 jobs were added. You had over 300,000 people who essentially gave up looking for jobs."
Others say unemployment is becoming chronic. Although the economy has been recovering for three years, labor market economist Heidi Shierholz says the job market is still in crisis mode. "Last year, we have seen some real improvement but it's been so modest and the hole that we have to dig out of is so steep that we literally have a gap in the labor market of around 9 million jobs."虽然飓风 Sandy 对美国东北部的一些州带来了严重破坏，并对数以百计的商店造成了毁灭性打击，但是其对就业的影响看起来只是微乎其微。美国就业统计局说，美国公司在 11 月雇佣的员工数量比预计的要高，这让美国的失业率降到了 4 年来的最低水平。
但是雅虎的经济学家 Aaron Task 说，这个失业率的下降是由错误的原因导致的：
“许多（失业的）人离开了找工作的市场（因此他们没有被统计到失业人数里面），这就是为什么失业率下降的原因，而不是因为 11 月份增加了 14 万 6 千个就业岗位。我们有 30 多万失业的人实际上已经放弃了找工作。”
其他人说，虽然美国经济已经恢复了 3 年了，但是失业的问题仍然还是个长期没有解决的问题。就业市场经济学家 Heidi Shierholz 说，就业市场仍然处于经济危机模式：
“我们在去年已经看到了一些真正的经济改善，但是改善幅度还比较小，而我们需要填平的经济危机造成的大坑又是如此的陡峭，以至于我们目前在就业市场上还存在大约 9 百万个岗位的缺口。”