新概念英语第三册-Lesson 26(课文5)

英语自学网

Key structures
定语从句（五）
1．指人的关系代词：who, whom, whose, that 的用法：
（1）作主语（who, that ）
Those who are going to play in the match are to meet at the gate at 1:30 after lunch.
那些参加比赛的人午饭后1：30在大门口集合。
    在本句中，先行词是those；关系代词who引导定语从句，同时代替先行词在从句中担任动词are going to play 的主语。
（2）作宾语包括作介词宾语（whom, that ）。此种情况下的关系代词可以省略；
This is just the man(whom/that) I want for the job.这正是我要的做这份工作的人。
    在本句中，先行词是the man；关系代词whom/that 引导定语从句，同时代替先行词在从句中担任动词want 的宾语。
（3）当关系代词紧跟介词作介词宾语时，不能用that，也不能省略，
如：The book from which I got a lot of useful information was written by a famous scientist.
我从中得到许多有用信息的那本书是一位著名科学家写的。
但是当介词放在从句末尾时，作为介词宾语的关系代词可以用that 并且可以省略。
如上头两句可改为：
The book (that /which) I got a lot of information from was written by a famous scientist.