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发表于 2016-7-11 22:49:59
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新概念英语第二册第七课语法知识
1.过去进行时(The past progressive tense)
构成:be的过去式+现在分词(注意现在分词的构成)
(1)过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。过去进行时和一般过去时经常同在一个句子里使用。过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作或情况,一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。正在进行中的动作或情况往往由连词 when, while, as, just as等引导:
While/ When/ As I was sweeping the floor, I found your pen.
我扫地的时候,发现了你的钢笔。
while通常只引导持续时间较长的动作,并且主句和从句可以同时用过去进行时,而when和as一般不这么用:
John was watching TV while his wife was talking with a neighbour over the phone.
当他的妻子和一位邻居在电话中聊天时,约翰一直在看电视。
Some students were dancing and singing while others were eating and drinking.
有些学生在唱歌跳舞,而另一些则在吃喝。
Just as I was opening the front door, the telephone rang.
我正开前门的时候,电话铃响了。
Just as I was leaving the house, you came in.
你进来的时候我正要出门。
when也可以引导比较短暂的动作,while和as则一般不行:
We were having supper when the lights went out.
我们正在吃晚饭时灯灭了。
2)过去进行时往往与表示一段时间的状语连用,如all morning, all night, all day, all evening, the whole week等,表示这段时间一直在干什么:
They were preparing for the party for two whole days.
整整两天他们一直在为晚会进行准备。
2.短语动词中的小品词(The particles)
在上一课的语法中已经提到,许多动词加上介词或副词后就会改变词义。这些介词和副词通常被称为小品词。它们没有词形变化。有些小品词既可以作介词又可以作副词。判断一个小品词是副词还是介词要看小品词有没有带宾语。有宾语的是介词,没有宾语的是副词。介词的位置相对固定些:
I am looking for Tim.
我在找蒂姆。(for为介词,位置不能变动)
She looked after the baby.
她照顾那孩子。(after为介词)
He put the fire/ it out.
他灭了火。(out为副词)
Mother woke the children/ them up.
母亲把孩子们叫醒了。(up为副词)
She took the picture/ it down.
她把画取了下来。(down为副词)
Please turn the radio/ it off.
请把收音机关掉。(off为副词)
He turned it on.
约翰打开了电视。(on为副词)
Put the cake on the table.
把蛋糕放在桌上。(on为介词)
She is walking up the hill.
她正向山上走去。(up为介词)
(兼职编辑:杨帆) |
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