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Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.
回答1-10题
Climate change has claimed its latest victim：Limacina helicina，a planktonic，predatory(捕食的)sea snail that’s a member of the taxonomic group more(36)__________ known as sea butterflies．(The name is(37)__________ from the wing-like lobes(叶瓣)the tiny creatures use to get around．)In a study(38)__________ published in joumal Proceedings of the Royal Society B，a group of scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)and Oregon State University have fQund that the Pacific Ocean’s decreasing pH—its acidifying(酸化)，in other words-is dissolving L．helicina’s thin shells．
The researchers collected sea butterfly(39)__________ from 13 sites along the Pacific coast(between Washington and southern CaliforniA．，going over each with a scanning electron microscope．More than half of the shells(53%)from onshore individuals(40)__________ signs of“severe dissolution damage，”while 24%of(41)
__________ individuals suffered dissolution damage．The study’s(42)__________ investigator,Dr．NinaBednarsek of NOAA，described the affected L．helicina shells as having a texture not unlike“cauliflower”or“sandpaper．”
According to the paper，there was a“strong positive(43)__________ ”between the proportion of sea butterflies with severe shell dissolution damage and“the percentage of undersaturated(未达到饱和的)water”near the ocean’s surface．The researchers conclude“shell dissolution owing to(human．caused ocean(44)_________)
has doubled in near shore habitats since pre．industrial conditions across this region and is on track to triple by 2050，”a truly(45)__________ prediction．Moreover,the broader implications for ecosystem are unclear,as damaged shells make it harder for L．helicina to fight infections，stay buoyant，and protect themselves from predators．
A．showed
B．recently
C．protected
D．commonly
E．derived
F．samples
G．offshore
H．principal
I．noticed
J．correlation
K．encouraging
L．seaward
M．acidification
N．grim
O．pollution
1、__________
2、 __________
3、__________
4、__________
5、__________
6、__________
7、__________
8、__________
9、__________
10、__________
Part I Writing.(30 minutes)
11、I’ve won two dollars in this lottery! Who says we don’t live in an opportunity society?
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Part II Listening Comprehension.(30 minutes)
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
回答47-56题
Into an Unknown World
A．Brain chips mean we are struggling to distinguish our own thoughts from ideas implanted by advertisers．Self-driving cars restrict old．school human drivers to special recreation parks．And the optimal(最佳的)number offingers is 12．5．
B．Confused?It’s a vision of the world in 25 years，as dreamed up by today’s researchers in computer-human interaction(CHI)．
C． CHI normally means investigating better ways for people to interact with devices we have now,but last week attendees at the annual conference in Toront0，Canada，got ahead of themselves．They created an imaginary conference agenda for 2039 that predicts the kinds of challenges we will face with future computers--many of which will be implanted．
D．“It’s meant to be sort of the fringes(边缘)of human--computer interaction research，what’s really edgy or provocative，”says Eric Baumer of Cornell University in Ithaca，New York，who dreamed up the idea of the conference．“There’s a lot of retrospective thinking about the past，but there’s not as much thinking about what are the futures toward which we think we’re working．”
E．We used the abstracts to create a list of the questions we—or more accurately．our cyborg descendants--might have about computers in 2039．
Is it weird when my organs talk to each other?
F．In an abstract entitled“My liver and my kidney compared notes”，IBM researcher Michael Muller,based in Cambridge，Massachusetts，looks at what happens when the implanted monitors on people’s intemal organs—a network he calls Arterionet--are able to share data and pool knowledge to offer enhanced health tips．
G．His conclusion：“While most users were skeptical．many users proposed additional features that could lead to greater acceptance and compliance with such recommendations．”
H．It’s worth thinking about how people might deal with health tips from organ monitors．Wearable technology that tracks your activity or your health status is slowly gaining popularity while researchers earlier this year implanted power-generating silicone strips on the hearts，lungs and diaphragms(横膈膜) of live cows，pigs and sheep．Muller says the biggest challenge to creating Arterionet will be figuring out how to fit the artificial intelligence in a sufficiently small and safe package．
Why do plants need their own Facebook,again?
I．To understand this question，you need to know about Plantastic，the brainchild of Bill Tomlinson and his colleagues at the University of California at Irvine．
J．In their abstract，they reason that to make our food supply more sustainable，it may make sense to grow more fruits and vegetables close to home．But certain crops thrive when they’re grown in large quantities or alongside certain other plants--too tall all order for the average farmer．
K． Enter Plantastic，which would advise what plants would work best for your area and tell you what people in the neighbourhood are growing．Nanochips on plants would feed data back to the site．That information in turn could be used to 1earn more about what grows best in which environment．
L．Assuming people will want to know whether this adds anything，Tomlinson’s team created a fictional(虚构的)study that looks at l o backyard gardens over two growing seasons．It suggests that using Plantastic will increase yields by 4 to 12 percent．
M．Tomlinson’s graduate student Juliet Norton is working on an early version of what the online system might look like．
Autonomous cars have made driving so boring--what shall I do instead?
N．Andreas Riener at the Institute for Pervasive Computing in Linz．Austria，has written an abstract that starts with a bold view of the future：“The first self-driving car cruised on our roads in 2019．Now,20 years after,it is time to review how this innovation has changed our mobility behaviour．”
O． This vision is rooted in a real trend．Self-driving cars have been making headlines for several years now．They are legal to drive in the state of Nevada．and Google’s driverless car has already racked up hundreds of thousands of practice miles．
P． Reiner’s contribution is to explore how this will change us．He predicts that once the robots take the wheel everywhere．many of us will lose interest in driving altogether．Fewer of us will own our own cars．Those who do won’t waste as much time pimping them out or driving around iust for fun．People who still love cars might have to seek their thrills in special“recreation parks”．where they can drive manually in an artificial environment．“If the vehicles of the future are only a means to get from A to B，this car culture would get lost．”he says．
Did I just think up that idea or did an advertiser implant it?
Q．Multiple contributors to CHl 2039 ponder the future of brain implants．Whether it involves capturing input from each of our senses or recording neurons(神经元)directly in the brain，they assume that this one is a question not of if but when．And that could bring opportunities--and challenges．
R．Shachar Maidenbaum of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem，Israel，envisions devices that could record our day-to-day experiences and then allow US to share our memories with one another,revolutionising courts，classrooms，and our social interactions．
S．Daniel Gruen of IBM Research，meanwhile，envisions devices that could prompt your memory when you forget something．一with some darker consequences．“Imagine in the future that you have systems that help you with memory,”he says．“At what point do you start wondering．‘Wait．I’ve had an idea．Is that really mine or is that idea coming from somewhere else?”’
So，what is the ideal number of fingers?
T． Ever strain yourself swiping across your iPhone screen?That problem would go away if you could have an extra thumb surgically(手术地)attached to your hand．
U．That’s the starting point for a fictitious study of l 24 people who have chosen to augment their hands with bionic(仿生的)fingers--on average they have 13．4 digits．Johannes Schfnin9，a computer scientist at Hasselt University in Belgium，even comes to an intriguing conclusion：“The optimal finger count is l 2．5，with six normal—sized fingers on each hand and the dominant hand having an extra half-sized finger that can be moved with 6 degrees of freedom．”
V．It’s entertaining stuff but even SchSning admits that 25 years might not be long enough for this one to appear．
47、In his article．Michael Muller investigates the consequences of Arterionet’s being capable of sharing information to supply extra strong health advices．
48、 CHI refers to the exploration ofbetter means for people to interact with today’s equipments，but during last week’s yearly meeting，participants proposed a future vision of CHI．
49、 To prove if Plantastic is really helpful．Tomlinson and his colleagues conducted an imaginary research which investigates l o family gardens over 2 planting seasons．
50、 Autonomous cars have become a hot topic since many years a90．
51、 It deserves to be taken into account that what people will do to treat the health secrets offered by organ monitoring units．
52、 In the paper,Tomlinson and his partners infer that to increase the endurability of our food supply,it is necessary to plant more fruits and vegetable near our houses．
53、 Bionic finger is an interesting stuff but even SchSning doubt whether it can be created during the next25 years．
54、 At the same time．IBM research Daniel Gruen imagines some kind of equipments that Call remind you of things you forget，which leads to bad results,
55、 We always think a lot about the past，but we seldom consider the future life we’re trying to create．
56、 In 2019．our roads saw in the first autonomous car．And the year 2039 is the time for us to consider to what extent this creation has transformed our moving styles．
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
回答57-66题
With so many of the deaths each year from around the world directly related to poor health choices we make．world health leaders have set a goal of lowering the number of preventable deaths by 25％from 2010 rates by 2025．That would save 37 million lives over 15 years．Reporting in thejournal Lancet，public health experts note that the ways to prevent those deaths area’t surprising．But acting on those strategies will take individual and political will．Here’s how the experts hope to do it．
Not smoke．The UN General Assembly set a target of cutting smoking around the world by 30%by 2025．Already,higher-income nations that already adopted smoking bans in public places and instituted tobacco taxes have seen drops in smoking rates，however,residents in lower-income nations continue to light up at high rates．
Limit excessive drinking．While moderate amounts of alcohol have been linked to some health benefits，
overindulging can increase the risk of certain cancers and liver disease，as well as contribute to high blood pressure．Educating people about the risks of excessive drinking，as well as instituting taxes on alcoholic products，has been somewhat successful in curbing(遏制)abuse．
Cut back on salt．High sodium (钠)diets can increase blood pressure and contribute to heart disease and stroke，and in many developed countries，people eat several times the amount the salt their bodies need．In the U．S．，the average American consumes about 800mg more salt every day than health experts consider acceptable．Promoting alternatives，such as the citric acid in lemons，to satisfy the need for salt， Call help to bring sodiunl consumption down．
Get blood pressure under control．Lack of exercise and high sodium diets contribute to hypertension(高血压)，and uncontrolled high blood pressure can lead to stroke and heart disease．Monitoring blood pressure with regular screenings，and treating elevated levels with changes in diet and exercise，or medications if necessary,are the most effective ways to address this risk factor．
Address diabetes．Closely tied to the obesity epidemic(肥胖病)that now affects developing as well as developed nations，diabetes can increase the risk of heart disease，kidney disease and other conditions that can shorten life．Studies show that lifestyle changes incorporating healthy diets low in sugar and phy’sical activity call be as effective as medications in keeping blood sugar levels in check．
What does the author mean by sayin9“acting on those strategies will take individual and political will”
(Line 4-5，para．1)?
57、A．Both politicians and individuals wish to put the strategies into practice．
B．Conducting those strategies needs to consider both personal and official will．
C．Carrying out those strategies needs both individual and govemmental support．
D．Either individual or government can carry out those strategies．
58、 What have high．income countries done to smoking?
A．Banned smoking in the public and reduced tobacco taxes．
B．Banned public smoking and established tobacco taxes．
C．Dropped smoking rates and banned smoking in public．
D．Dropped smoking rates and lowered tobacco taxes．
59、
What is the author’s suggestion to sodium consumption?
A．Eat lemons instead of excessive salt to cut down sodium consumption．
B．Take in as less salt as possible for the sake of health．
C．Take in at least 800mg of salt every day．
D．Never take in salt but citric acid to keep fit．
60、
What carl you learn about hypertension from the passage?
A．Moderate amount of alcoholis good for blood pressure contr01．
B．American people have a less opportunity to develop hypertension．
C．Regular blood pressure monitoring can reduce the risk of diabetes．
D．Controlling blood pressure properly can reduce the risk of stroke and heart disease．
61、
What should we do to address diabetes?
A．Keep a low．sugar diet．
B．Take physical exercise．
C．Receive drug treatment．
D．All of the above．
回答62-71题
When companies consider their benefits mix．coverage for medical care is often top．of-mind．Yet there may be another,even more powerful concern driving employee coverage preferences：vision care．Roughly 75%of adults in the United States require some type of vision correction．and 84 percent of adults believe that vision benefits are somewhat or very important to them．As a result．vision assistance is moving higher and higher on the list of sought．after employee benefits．
What’s driving the trend?One factor is the increasing power of eye examinations to detect systemic illness．In addition to identifying nearsightedness，farsightedness and astigmatism，routine eye exanls now play a role in diagnosing conditions such as diabetes，brain aneurysms(脑动脉瘤)，liver disease and stroke risk．
Early identification，in turn，translates into markedly lower expenditures for employers．In 2014，eye problems will cost companies an estimated$8 billion in reduced productivity．Making sure employees get the right eye care helps employers reduce these losses．At the same time，it boosts their ability to retain loyal workers．
So what’s the best way to get patients into the exam chair?One way is to provide a vision plan that lowers out-of-pocket(自已付费的)expenses．Indeed，research shows that out-of-pocket expense--not premiums--is the number-one factor employees consider when choosing a-vision plan．“And that’s just smart．”says independent insurance broker Shannon Enders．“Premiums make up only about 30 percent of total out．of-pocket expenses．So it pays to100k beyond the premium and see the real cost of a plan．”
A study conducted by Service Excellence Group Inc．，a leading market research company,shows how the right vision insurance plan can result in across—the-board(全面的)savings for employees．The study compared the prices customers with different insurance plans paid for the same popular pair of eyeglasses at independent doctors and retail chains．It found that customers with insurance plans that were most successful at keeping out-of-pocket expenses low saved hundreds of dollars．
With eyeglasses becoming as much of a fashion accessory(装饰品)as a vision aid，forward-thinking companies are beginning to take note．Enders says more of his clients are saying yes to vision care plans．“Employees care about their eyes，”he says．“And offering benefits packages with the features employees care most about will become an even more important corporate strategy going forward．”
62、What is the meaning of the last sentence of paragraph one?
A．Vision assistance is listed on the list of popular worker interests．
B．Vision assistance is becoming more and more popular among employees。
C．Vision assistance is considered as one of the employee benefits．
D．Vision assistance is the top concern of the employees．
63、 What are the functions of eye examinations?
A．Identilying nearsightedness,farsightedness and astigmatism．
B．Diagnosing systemic illness．
C．Diagnosing diabetes，brain aneurysms，liver disease and stroke risk．
D．Identifying eyesight problems and detecting systemic illness．
64、
What are the advantages of right vision care plan for the employers?
A．It can reduce the losses caused by eye problems．
B．It helps the employers keep the employees．
C．It can lower the expenses of the employers and keep the workers．
D．It can help increase the employees’income．
65、
What does the study of Service Excellence Group Inc．suggest?
A．The most successful vision insurance plan helps employees save the most money．
B．A vision insurance plan helps employees save hundreds of dollars at a time．
C．Eyeglasses at independent doctors cost more than in retail chains．
D．Eyeglasses at independent doctors cost less than in retail chains．
66、
What can be learned from Shannon Enders’words?
A．It takes a lot of money to look beyond the premium．
B．Considering the real cost of a plan costs too much．
C．The company should take employees’most concerned benefits seriously．
D．The company should vision insurance plan as a strategy．
Part III Reading Comprehension.(40 minutes)
Part IV Translation.(30minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
67、农历一月一日是中国的春节(Spring Festival)，是新一年的开始。就像西方的圣诞节一样，人们会买很多东西如衣服、食品或烟花爆竹给孩子们。在除夕那一天，人们还会在门上贴门神和春联(couplets)。此外，年夜饭(reunion dinner)也是必不可少的。全家人围坐在一张桌子上分享美食，有说有笑。到了新年那一天，人们便开始走亲访友了。每到这时，孩子们是最开心的，因为他们可以从长辈那里得到压岁钱。
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发表于 2016-7-11 20:24:17