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Section II Use of English (15 minutes)
根据以下资料，回答21-40题：
Besides climate change，developing countries like China need to deal with energy __21__and environmental issues：the development of sources of clean energy needs to be__22__line with their interests．Clean energy has been given greater prominence than ever before；it is seen as a new industrial__23__and__24__ 0f economic growth for the new century．The time for clean energy has come．
In China, clean energy is moving ahead at full speed．Take wind power as an example: China had __25__ wind power generating capacity of l2.21 GW，making China the largest wind power generator in Asia and fourth in the world．But according to the research，one．third of wind power capacity is running__26__ due to an inability to get the power to the national__27__．
India-like China relies__28__0n coal for its energy needs．This will only change if the funds and technology to develop clean energy，such as wind and nuclear power，are__29__．India will not choose clean energy __30__ ．Nuclear power is currently the most__3 1__0f clean energy sources. __32__，if it is to be __33__ 0n a large scale by developing nations，technological advances will be needed to make it competitive with coal．
Compared __ 34 __developed countries，developing countries have more __35__ choices when it comes to energy structure. Promoting economic growth requires __36 __ energy and coal，the cheapest and most __37__ source of energy for many countries is the __38__ choice．Cheap coal means cheap electricity and a competitive economy．Rising electricity prices would cause public __39__ and impact on standards of__40__．
21、
A．scarce
B．scare
C．scarcity
D．scary
22、
A．on
B．in
C．with
D．along
23、
A．revolution
B．evolution
C．advance
D．development
24、
A．resource
B．reason
C．root
D．source
25、
A．inspected
B．inspired
C．instigated
D．installed
26、
A．effectively
B．regularly
C．slowly
D．idle
27、
A．net
B．network
C．grid
D．mesh
28、
A．mainly
B．significantly
C．majorly
D．vitally
29、
A．provident
B．providential
C．providing
D．provided
30、
A．by itself
B．on its own
C．voluntarily
D．automatically
31、
A．cheapest
B．expensive
C．competitive
D．advanced
32、
A．Therefore
B．However
C．Furthermore
D．Otherwise
33、
A．adopted
B．adapted
C．adaptable
D．admitted
34、
A．to
B．with
C．in
D．upon
35、
A．limited
B．limitless
C．maximal
D．minimal
36、
A．expensive
B．much
C．competitive
D．cheap
37、
A．absurd
B．abundance
C．absent
D．abundant
38、
A．good
B．best
C．first
D．last
39、
A．discord
B．content
C．discontent
D．discomfort
40、
A．life
B．living
C．live
D．lives
Section III Reading Comprehension (60 minutes)
Part A
根据以下资料，回答41-60题：
The core of Greece's troubles is too much spending．too little tax-collecting and book-cooking．Spain and Ireland are in trouble even if the percentage of their public debt in gross domestic product is much smaller than that of Germany．Italy，also in the financial markets'crosshairs，has high public debt but a lower deficit than the euro zone's average．
The root of these countries'problems is that their prices and wages have risen much faster than those of other euro zone members．
There are two ways to mitigate the pain．First，to adopt temporarily more expansionary fiscal policies for a while．Or，more powerfully，the wider euro area could adopt more expansionary monetary policies for several years．As to the second option，the"inflation fundamentalists"will have none of it．This elite consisting of central bankers，top economic officials，politicians，academics and journalists insists that it is unacceptable to allow inflation to climb above two percent．
Hyper-inflation in Germany in the l930s and stagflation in industrial countries in the l970s and 1980s support their view．It's true that moderate inflation can creep up to become high inflation．But inflation fundamentalism can also hurt．There is little if any empirical evidence that moderate inflation hurts growth．In most countries．cutting actual wages is politically difficult if not impossible．But，to regain competitiveness and balance the books，real wage adjustments are sometimes inevitable．A slightly higher level of inflation allows for this painful adjustment with a lower level of political conflict．
On the other hand，ultra-low inflation，in a recession，can easily become deflation．Falling prices encourage people to defer spending，which makes things worse and erodes tax payments，impairing a government's ability to pay debt．That in turn increases the debt's size and costs．
In addition，a single-minded focus on inflation makes it easy for policymakers to lose sight of the broader picture asset prices，growth and employment．Policy can become too tight or too loose-as in the run-up to the crisis in the U．S．when low inflation was seen as a comforting sign that things were in order．
In a recession，ultra-low inflation also reduces the effectiveness of monetary policy since interest rates cannot go below zero．The crisis in the euro area highlights the need for a more open-minded discussion of the merits and costs of ultra low inflation．
41、In the author's opinion，the second way to mitigate the pain is_________．
A．cutting the spending
B．controlling inflation within two percent
C．ultra-low inflation
D．moderate inflation
42、 Which of the following inflation might be accepted by the author?
A．2％．
B．1％．
C．4％．
D．8％．
43、 We can learn from the fourth paragraph that_________．
A．moderate inflation hurts growth
B．it is unnecessary to cut actual wages
C．the author opposes moderate inflation
D．the author opposes inflation fundamentalism
44、 The word"books"(1ine 5，paragraph 4)means_________．
A．tickets
B．accounts
C．works
D．stamps
45、 What is the text mainly about?
A．The core of Greece's trouble．
B．Two ways to solve the problems of Greece，Spain，Ireland and Italy．
C．The merits of inflation fundamentalism．
D．The shortcomings of inflation fundamentalism．
根据以下资料，回答46-65题：
Slavery has played a significant role in the history of the U．S．It existed in all the English mainland colonies and most of the Founding Fathers also had slaves，as did eight of the first l2 presidents．
Dutch traders brought，20 Africans to Jamestown，Virginia，as early as l619，however，throughout the l7th century the number of Africans in the English mainland colonies grew very slowly．At that time，colonists used two other sources of unfree labor：Native American slaves and European indentured servants．
During those years，every colony had some Native American slaves，but their number was limited．Indian men avoided performing agricultural labor，because they viewed it as women's work，and colonists complained that they were t00"haughty"．The more important was that the settlers found it more convenient，to sell Native Americans captured in war to planters in the Carib-bean than to turn them into slaves，because they often resisted and it was not hard for the slaves to escape．Later，the policy of killing Indians or driving them away from white settlements was pro-posed and it contradicted with their widespread employment as slaves．
The other form of labor was the white indentured servitude．Most indentured servants consisted of poor Europeans．Desiring to escape tough conditions in Europe and take advantage of fabled opportunities in America，they traded three to seven years of their labor in exchange for the transatlantic passage．At first，it was mainly English who were the white indentured servitude but later increasingly Irish，Welsh，and German joined．They were essentially temporary slaves and most of them served as agricultural workers although some，especially in the North，were taught skilled trades．During the l 7th century，they performed most of heavy labor in the Southern colonies and also consisted of the bulk of immigrants to those colonies．
At the end of the l7th century．in order to meet the labor need，landowners in America turned to African slaves．During the late l7th and l8th centuries，thanks to the dominant position of Eng-land in terms of naval superiority，English traders(some of whom lived in English America)，trans-ported millions of Africans across the Atlantic．And the transatlantic slave trade produced one of the largest forced migrations in history, blacks(the great majority of whom were slaves)。increasing from about 7 percent of the American population in l680 to more than 40 percent by the middle of the l8th century．
46、Which of the following was true of the slavery in America?
A．The colonists sold African Americans to planters in the Caribbean．
B．Native American slaves performed agricultural labor．
C．During the l7th century，the white indentured servitude was the main labor in the Southern colonies．
D．It was at the end of the l7th century that African people began to be brought to America.
47、 We can infer from the sentence "Later，the policy of killing Indians or．．．Contradicted with their widespread employment as slaves "that_________ ．
A．many Indians were killed by White settlers
B．many Indians were drove away from white settlements
C．the Indians were slaves in a wide-spread way
D．white settlers must have to find other source of labor
48、 In the third paragraph．the author mainly argues that_________ ．
A．the number of Native American slaves was very small
B．the colonists thought that the Native American slaves were very haughty
C．the Native American slaves had been treated cruelly
D．the Native American slaves always resisted
49、 Which of the following wasn't the opinion of the colonists towards the Native American slaves?
A．The Native American slaves were very haughty．
B．The Native American slaves were very lazy．
C．The Native American slaves were hard to control.
D．The Native American slaves always found ways to escape．
50、 The relation between the second paragraph and the next following two paragraphs is that in the next following two paragraphs the author_________ ．
A．further elaborates the issue discussed in the second paragraph
B．modifies the point of view in the second paragraph
C．changes the view expressed in the second paragraph
D．offers the reason to support the viewpoint in the second paragraph
根据以下资料，回答51-70题：
U．S．health officials are increasing surveillance-measures at doctors' offices and international borders to guard against the spread of．swine flu．Washington also has begun dispersing medicine from a federal stockpile．
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says there have been only mild cases of swine flu in the United States，but experts remain on guard．
Acting agency director，Richard Besser,says the epidemic in Mexico prompted U.S.doctors to begin．monitoring actively for possible infections．
"We are asking doctors when they see someone who has flu-like illness who has travel to an affected region，to do a culture，take a swab in the Nose and send it to the lab so we can see:is it influenza．is it this type?"he said．
Speaking Sunday at the White House，Besser said the extra detection efforts have enabled officials to find more infections than under normal circumstances．He also says he expects the number of infections will rise and the illness will spread to other U．S．regions，as doctors continue to monitor the problem．
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says'it does not recommend people travel to Mexico,where the outbreak of swine flu is centered and more than 100 deaths have been reported．But officials have not ordered a travel ban to the country．
Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano says，instead，airlines have the option of screening passengers on flights from Mexico.
"We are letting air carriers and our employees at the gates oil those flights make sure that they：are asking people if they are sick；_and if they are sick，that they should not board the plane．"she said.
Denise Korniewicz，an infectious disease expert at：the University of Miami，says officials should take bolder steps to screen passengers at international borders，as Japan and other Asian nations are doing．
"We have a very transient population here．And Japan has taken a lot of precautions．What Japan is doing is they are making everyone take a temperature when they get off the airplane."she said．"As far as I am concerned．I think that is a good idea．"
U．S．officials say they are holding off on more aggressive actions because the outbreak has been limited in the United States and they do not want to cause a health scare．Korniewicz says around the country health centers are putting in place emergency response measures aimed at limiting disease outbreaks．
51、What promotes American doctors to begin monitoring actively for possible infections?
A．There have been serious cases of swine flu in the United States．
B．U．S．health officials are increasing surveillance measures at doctors'offices．
C．The epidemic happened in Mexico.
D．Experts remained on guard．
52、 When someone has flu-like illness，why will a swab be taken in the nose and sent to the lab?
A．To find more infections than under normal circumstances．
B．To examine if it is influenza or swine flu．
C．To see if the illness is serious．
D．To stop the illness spread to other areas．
53、 Why are people advised not to travel to Mexico?
A．Because it is the most serious area for the outbreak of swine flu．
B．Because a travel ban to the country has been ordered．
C．Because more than l00 cases of swine flu have been reported.
D．The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention forbids doing so．
54、 What is one of the precautions that Japan has taken?
A．They make sure that they are askin9。flight passengers if they are sick．
B．They are taking a temperature of every passenger when they get off the airplane．
C．They are screening passengers on flights from Mexico
D．They are forbidding people travelling to Mexico
55、 Which statement is not true according to the passage?
A．U．S．health officials are increasing surveillance measures at doctors'offices．
B．So far,the cases of swine flu in the United States are not very serious．
C．U．S．officials are determined to take more aggressive actions against swine flu．
D．Besser says the number of infections will probably rise．
根据以下资料，回答56-75题：
The most subversive question about higher education has always been whether the college makes the student or the student makes the college．Along with skepticism，though，economic downturns also create one big countervailing force that pushes people toward college：many of them have nothing better to do．They have lost their jobs，or they find no jobs waiting for them after high school．In economic terms，the opportunity cost of going to school has been reduced．Over the course of the l 930s，the percentage of l7-year-old who graduated from high school jumped to 50 percent，from less than 30 percent．Boys-many of whom would have been working in better times--made up the bulk of the influx．In our Great Recession，students have surged into community colleges．
So who is right these students or the skeptics? It isn't too much of an exaggeration to say that the field of labor economics has spent the past 30 years trying to come up with an answer．In one paper after another，economists have tried to identify the portion of a person's success for which schooling can fairly claim credit．One well-known study，co-researched by Alan Krueger，a Princeton professor now serving as the Treasury Department's chief economist，offered some support for the skeptics．It tracked top high-school students through their 30s and found that their alma maters had little impact on their earnings．Students who got into both，say，the University of Pennsylvania and Penn State made roughly the same amount of money，regardless of which they chose．Just as you might hope。the fine-grain status distinctions that preoccupy elite high-school seniors(and more to the point，their parents)seem to be overrated．
The rest of the evidence，however，has tended to point strongly in the other direction．Several studies have found a large earnings gap between more-and less-educated identical twins．Another study compared young men who happened to live close to a college with young men who did not．The two groups were similar except for how easy it was for them to get to school, and the upshot was that the additional education attained by the first group lifted their earnings．"College can't guarantee anybody a good life, "says Michael McPherson，an economist who runs the Spencer Foundation in Chica90，which finances education research．"But it surely ups the odds substantially．
56、In economic downturns，many people go to college________．
A．voluntarily
B．happily
C．reluctantly
D．with contempt
57、 During 1930s，why did the percentage of 17-year-olds who graduated from high school jumped greatly?
A．Because they believed high school education is necessary．
B．Because they couldn't find jobs and they had no better choices．
C．Because the cost of going to school was reduced．
D．Because they believed high school education could help them make more money in the future．
58、 According to Princeton professor Alan Krueger's study，which is true?
A．College education is closely related to earnings．
B．The better college one goes t0，the more money he will make．
C．It's reasonable to be skeptical about higher education．
D．Alma maters mean much to one'S future fortune．
59、 What's the attitude of Michael McPherson towards college education?
A．Skeptical．
B．Supportive．
C．Critical．
D．Satisfied．
60、 Which of the statement is true according to the passage?
A．In recession，more youths will choose to work．
B．All evidence show that college makes the student．
C．Economic downturns has great negative impact on college education．
D．Studies mentioned in the passage show divided conclusions on the value of college education
Section III Reading Comprehension
Part B
根据以下资料，回答61-65题：
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese． Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2．
The world's environment is surprisingly healthy．Discuss．If there were an examination topic， most students would tear it apart．offering a long list of complaints from local smog(烟雾)to global climate change，from the felling(砍伐)of forests to the extinction of species．The list would largely be accurate，the concern legitimate．61) Yet the students who should be given the highest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement．The surprise is how good things are，not how bad．
After all,the world's population has more than tripled during this century，and world output has risen hugely，so you would expect the earth itself to have been affected．Indeed，if people lived，consumed and produced things in the sarrle way as they did in l900(or 1950，or indeed 1980)，the world by now would be a pretty disgusting place，smelly，dirty，toxic and dangerous． But they don't．62)The reasons why they don't,and why the environment has not been ruined, have to do with prices,technological innovation,social change and government regulation in response to popular pressure． That is why today' s environmental problems in the poor countries ought，in principle，to be solvable．Raw materials have not run out，and show no sign of doing S0．Logically，one day they must：the planet is a finite place．Yet it is also very bi9，and man is very ingenious．63)What has happened is that every time a material seems to be running short,the price has risen and,in response,people have looked for new sources of supply,tried to find ways to use less of the materal,or looked for a new substitute.
For this reason prices for energy and for minerals have fallen in real terms during the century．The same is true for food．64)Prices fluctuate,in response to harvests,natural disasters and political instability；and when they rise,it takes some time before new sources of supply become available．But they always do，assisted by new farming and crop technology．The long term fiend has been downwards．
65)It is where prices and markets do not operate properly that this benign(良性的)trend be-gins to stumble，and the genuine problems arise．Markets cannot always keep the environment healthy．If no one owns the resource concerned，no one has an interest in conserving it or fostering it：fish is the best example of this．
Section IV Writing.(35 minutes)
66、Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay on it．In your essay，you should：
(1)describe the cartoon briefly；
(2)analyze this situation；
(3)give your comments．
You should write 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2．
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时间：2014年6月14日
主讲内容：2014年英语四六级真题及答案解析
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发表于 2016-7-11 20:24:10