2011年12月英语六级考前最后八套题及答案(7)

英语自学网

　　Part I Writing (30 minutes)
        　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Social Network Sites. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.
        　　1. 当今社会，社交网站很流行
        　　2. 各人对此看法不同
        　　3. 我的看法
        　　Social Network Sites
       
            
            

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Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
        　　Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
        　　Dogs Make Employees More Productive At Work
        　　Leib Lurie never intended for his company, message delivery service One Call Now, to be pet-friendly. But his dog, Ivy, had other ideas.
        　　Five years ago, the German shepherd showed up unannounced at One Call Now’s Troy, Ohio-based office—a 1.5-mile trek from Lurie’s home. When he continued to make the trip each day he wasn’t brought to the office, Lurie realized it was time for a change in company policy. Today, four or five employee’s dogs, as well as a variety of fish, birds, and other caged animals join Ivy in the office daily to make One Call Now a workingman’s menagerie (动物园).
        　　 “They’re not very good at sending voice messages,” Lurie jokes of the pets in his office. “But we’ve gotten them down with using the computer, at least the point part.”
        　　One Call Now joins a growing force of companies across the United States to welcome pets in the workplace. While only 17 percent of U.S. employers currently allow animals in the workplace, according to a survey from the American Pet Products Manufacturers Association, pet-friendly, often specifically dog-friendly, environments are building steam. From major companies like Google, Zynga, and Amazon.com to growing start-ups, more and more canine companions are showing up to work.
        　　For many entrepreneurs, the inception of a dog-friendly environment begins long before offices enter the picture. “My dog, Blueberry, was the founding dog,” explains Randy Hetrik, founder of TRX Training. “Literally, it was him and me before any other people came in, so he takes great pride in what we’ve accomplished.” As Hetrik built his company, he never forgot his first partner. Today, up to ten dogs wander with Blueberry through the four floors of TRX’s San Francisco office.
        　　Many pet-friendly work environments develop as a part of the company’s larger mission or company culture. After spending years in uptight corporate climates, Nancy Squires founded her own consulting firm, The Squires Group, with a distinctly homey atmosphere, which included her two Italian greyhounds.
        　　Marketing software company G5’s dog-friendliness fits into the animal-friendly climate of their mountain town Bend, Oregon, as well as the company’s own cultural backbone. “We try to have a culture that promotes freedom for the employees and helps them thrive,” says G5 CEO Dan Hobin. “If that involves bringing your dog to work, bring your dog to work.”
        　　Having dogs underfoot might seem to some like a distraction, but advocates of animals in the workplace see quite the opposite. Dogs in the office foster friendlier, more collaborative work environments. At G5, this includes dogs posing as mascots for the company’s various divisions. “Everyone rallies around the dogs,” Hobin says.
        　　Employees surrounded by dogs also have a tendency to rally around their jobs. According to a survey of 50 small and large companies by the American Pet Products Manufacturers Association in 2008, companies that allow pets in the workplace see a lower rate of employee absenteeism (旷工) and more willingness to work longer hours.
        　　“There are a lot of people who know they have to spend extra hours at work, particularly in this economic climate,” says Debrah Schnackenberg, vice president of emergency services for the American Humane Association. “People feel comfortable spending that extra hour or two at the office when they know their dog is right there with them.”
        　　Dog-friendliness may generate more loyalty for the company as a whole. In the last two years, One Call Now has seen a two or three percent turnover rate. Lurie attributes this small number in part to the office pets. “You ask someone who is in a $12-an-hour job, ‘Would you work anywhere else?’ And they say, ‘No way.’ Where else could I bring my dog to work?” he says.
        　　This sense of loyalty stems from a simple concept: Dogs make people happy. “They’re always happy to see you, they’re happy for the smallest things, and they’re ever optimistic,” says Hetrik. “Having a dog wandering around just seems to make people smile.”
        　　In high-performance or high-stress work environments, dogs can not only spread smiles but also ease tension. Taking a walk, practicing a trick, or even absentmindedly scratching a dog behind the ear allows even the most worked-up employee to relax and reprioritize. “It’s their cigarette,” says Squires. “The dogs are a sense of peace, gentleness, a diversion, something other than what we define as work. I think it’s a great break.”
        　　And, a dog break is certainly healthier than a smoke break. Numerous studies have shown that having the companionship or even being in the presences of a pet, for instance in the workplace, lowers blood pressure and cortisol levels while heightening endorphins and oxytocin, the hormone linked to maternal bonding. Such an emotional connection is healthy for your dog as well. “Dogs bond to their humans and would rather be with them than not,” says Schnackenberg. “From an emotional well-being perspective, it’s healthy for a dog to be with their owner throughout the day.”
        　　With their many attributes and benefits, dogs play a critical role in pet-friendly company’s hiring processes. All of the aforementioned companies and many more like them use their dogs in the interview process to introduce potential employees to the corporate climate. Their reactions to the animals also serve as a compatibility test. “I’ve never met a dog-friendly person who wasn’t a customer-friendly person,” says Lurie. “And we hire customer-friendly people.”
        　　The dog un-friendly or the allergenic, however, need not apply.
        　　“You try to build a company of people who can rally around a vision, and dogs play a part of that,” Hetrik says. “People who look at that and say how stinky or hairy or whatever probably aren’t people that are going to mold well into the casual, rough and tumble, work hard, play hard work environment that I’ve created.”
        　　The Squires Group maintains a similar mantra (口号). “If people don’t do dogs, there may be another part of the company they don’t do,” Squires says. “I’m not saying they’re bad people or that they wouldn’t be great for other companies, but they wouldn’t fit our company greatly.”
        　　Companies considering introducing a dog-friendly work environment should consider adopting a pet policy. When advising companies in this transition, the American Human Association suggests highlighting clear rules about when you can bring your dog in, what behavior is expected, and what happens when the pet or person does not conform to those rules.
        　　Many small companies adopt these advised policies, but govern their pets in a more ad hoc (非正式的) manner. After a few minor “accidents,” G5’s HR Department developed a detailed pet policy to include in the company handbook. “I don’t think I actually ever read it,” admits Hobin. “In short, though, the policy is to be responsible and respectful.”
        　　At TRX, dogs are under the same considerations as people. “You wouldn’t tolerate a lot of barking, snapping and snarling from the people you work with,” Hetrik says. “Neither should you tolerate it from the canine pals they bring to work. We’re pretty clear on all that.” Growing companies should also be flexible to changing the stipulations in their policy as they develop.
        　　Adjustments to the TRX pet policy are under consideration as the company intends to expand its workforce from 120 to 300 employees. The company may introduce a sign-up, limiting the total number of dogs to the current two to three per floor. No matter the changes, though, dogs will remain a fixture in the company.
        　　“Dogs were part of the fabric from the very beginning,” says Hetrik. “And they’ll be here until the very end. I like having these pups around.”
        　　1. Leib Lurie realized he should change the company to be pet-friendly when _______.
        　　A) employees brought their pets to the office
        　　B) his pet dog showed up in the office daily
        　　C) he found dogs make employees more productive
        　　D) his company moved to the office in the suburban
        　　2. What do we learn from the study by the American Pet Products Manufacturers Association?
        　　A) Living environments for pet dogs have improved.
        　　B) Small companies tend to adopt dog-friendly policy.
        　　C) More businesses welcome pets in the workplace.
        　　D) Employees show a growing interest in raising pets.
        　　3. According to G5 CEO Dan Hobin, employees can bring their dogs to work as long as _______.
        　　A) they thrive with their dogs’ company C) their dogs are friendly to customers
        　　B) they can keep the dogs from barking D) the office is located at a mountain town
        　　4. According to advocates of animals in the workplaces, dogs in the office _______.
        　　A) can attract employees’ attention sometimes
        　　B) won’t distract employees from their work
        　　C) force inefficient employees to work harder
        　　D) seldom pose a threat to other employees
        　　5. To some degree, the low turnover rate of One Call Now was attributed to _______.
        　　A) the relatively high pay C) its excellent conditions
        　　B) the economic recession D) its pet-friendly policy
        　　6. What does Schnackenberg say about dogs’ being with their owners throughout the day?
        　　A) It does great harm to their owners’ health.
        　　B) It benefits dogs more than their owners.
        　　C) It is unrealistic in this economic climate.
        　　D) It is good for dogs’ emotional well-being.
        　　7. Lurie believes that a dog-friendly person _______.
        　　A) is less likely to work efficiently C) is welcome in all companies
        　　B) is a customer-friendly person D) is usually disloyal to the company
        　　8. According to Squires, people who don’t like dogs are not ______________________________ for her company The Squires Group.
        　　9. The American Human Association advises companies to make and highlight ______________________________ in their transition to dog-friendly companies.
        　　10. TRX is considering ______________________________ its pet policy as it intends to increase the number of its employees.
            
            

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Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
        　　Section A
        　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
        　　11. A) The results of her finals are ironic.
        　　B) The man should have attended the lectures.
        　　C) The result of the final is unbelievable, too.
        　　D) The man should not have chosen urban planning.
        　　12. A) She wanted to please the man.
        　　B) She bought the ticket on impulse.
        　　C) She wanted to invite her professor to the concert.
        　　D) She meant to ignore the appointment with her professor.
        　　13. A) He declined the bookstore job once.
        　　B) He really wants to work in the bookstore.
        　　C) He didn’t know where the bookstore was.
        　　D) He wasn’t offered the job in the bookstore.
        　　14. A) The tailor’s. C) The theatre.
        　　B) A dress-up party. D) A shopping mall.
        　　15. A) Her mom has approved without hesitation, while her dad hasn’t.
        　　B) Her dad has approved of it, and her mom will probably do the same.
        　　C) Her dad still needs time to think, while her mom has already agreed.
        　　D) Her dad needs time to think, while her mom definitely won’t consider it.
        　　16. A) He couldn’t make time for it. C) He was not in the mood for it.
        　　B) He had probably caught the flu. D) He went floating with some other students.
        　　17. A) She feels very hot in the room. C) She wants to avoid meeting people.
        　　B) She doesn’t like the smell inside. D) She wants to smoke a cigarette there.
        　　18. A) He dislikes this job, so he will quit soon.
        　　B) He likes the job, if not for those working hours.
        　　C) He’s not decided, but he knows he shouldn’t quit.
        　　D) He wants to change his job for all he likes about it.
        　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
        　　19. A) The climate there is too cold. C) He has visited it twice before.
        　　B) The air-fare is quite expensive. D) He does not have the passport.
        　　20. A) He has just reconditioned his house. C) He has just come back from abroad.
        　　B) His old car has just been repaired. D) He doesn’t have long enough time.
        　　21. A) He hasn’t been there before. C) His friend will accommodate him.
        　　B) He can meet his girlfriend there. D) He can find a temporary job there.
        　　Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
        　　22. A) Frank. C) Indirect.
        　　B) Modest. D) Confident.
        　　23. A) Money is important.
        　　B) Responsibility means more than salary.
        　　C) High salary secures better performance.
        　　D) Future income is more important than starting salary.
        　　24. A) “Can do” spirit. C) Honesty and responsibility.
        　　B) Motivation and teamwork. D) Hard-working and cooperation.
        　　25. A) Tolerance. C) Clearer wording.
        　　B) Civilization. D) Communication.
        　　Section B
        　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
        　　Passage One
        　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
        　　26. A) A little girl. B) A little boy. C) A secretary. D) A dog.
        　　27. A) The medical treatment in Sweden. C) The daily life of the Swedes.
        　　B) Keeping a dog in Sweden. D) Social welfare in Sweden.
        　　28. A) Dog owners in Sweden needn’t to pay any taxes on their pets.
        　　B) Dog owners in Sweden are greatly subsidized by government.
        　　C) Dog owners in Sweden must pay for any damage their dog does.
        　　D) Two thirds of people in Sweden keep pets.
        　　Passage Two
        　　Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
        　　29. A) One that is already extinct in some parts of the world.
        　　B) One that is extremely dangerous to humans.
        　　C) One that will naturally die out in its natural surroundings.
        　　D) One that is confronted with extinction in its living environment.
        　　30. A) Polluted water. B) Decreasing fish. C) Climate change. D) Over-hunting.
        　　31. A) About 15%. B) About 20%. C) About 25%. D) About 30%.
        　　Passage Three
        　　Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
        　　32. A) The unequal distribution of housework between men and women.
        　　B) The change of women’s attitude towards housework.
        　　C) The influence of men sharing the housework in American families.
        　　D) The change of the time spent on housework in American families.
        　　33. A) Marriage gives men more freedom.
        　　B) Marriage has effects on job choices.
        　　C) Men shares more housework nowadays than before.
        　　D) Having children means doubled housework.
        　　34. A) About 12 hours. B) About 13 hours. C) About 17 hours. D) About 21 hours.
        　　35. A) Unmarried men. C) Younger married men.
        　　B) Older married men. D) Married men with children.
        　　Section C
        　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
        　　Why do so many people live to a healthy old age in certain parts of the world? What is the (36) _________ of their long lives? Three things seem to (37) _________ to it: fresh air, fresh food and a simple way of life. People work near their homes in the clean, mountain air instead of travelling long (38) _________ to work by bus, car or train. They do not sit all day in (39) _________ offices or factories, but work hard outdoors in the fields. They take more exercise and eat less food than people in the cities of the West. For years, the Hunaz of the Himalayas did not need policemen, lawyers or doctors. There was no crime, no (40) _________ and not much illness in their society. They were a happy, peaceful people, famous all over India for their long, healthy lives.
        　　Although many people are keen on (41) _________ out ways to live a longer life, there are people worrying about their (42) _________ years. Once a retired doctor I (43) _________ shared with me his worries: It’s only natural to look forward to something better. (44) ___________________________________________________________________. It is one of life’s great ironies that the longer we live, the less there is to look forward to Retirement may bring with it the fulfillment of a lifetime’s dreams. (45) ___________________________________________________________________. From then on, the dream fades. (46) ___________________________________________________________________. Who wants to live long enough to become a doddering wreck? Who wants to go back to that most dreadful of all human conditions, a second childhood?
            
            

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Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
        　　Section A
        　　Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.
        　　Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.
        　　According to new research simple words such as ‘be’, ‘that’, ‘will’, ‘him’, ‘and’ and even ‘a’ could hold the key to a successful marriage. Experts say the style in which couples talk and how they use common words can predict whether a relationship will be successful or not.
        　　It is already well known that people are attracted to potential partners who resemble themselves in personality, values and physical appearance. However, experts now claim these features only skim the surface of what makes a relationship work. The ways that people talk are also important according to the study which found that people who speak in a similar style are more compatible. The U.S. study focused on what it dubbed ‘function words’.
        　　These are not nouns or verbs, but everyday words such as a, be, anything, that, will, him and even and. Study co-author Professor James Pennebaker, of Texas University, said how we use these words constitutes our writing and speaking style and couples who use them in the same way have better and longer-lasting partnerships.
        　　Researchers examined whether the speaking and writing styles couples adopt during conversation with each other predict future dating behaviour and the long-term strength of relationships. They conducted two experiments in which a computer programme compared partners’ language styles.
        　　In the first study, pairs of college students had four-minute speed dates while their conversations were recorded. Almost every pair covered the same topics, such as their study subject, where they were from and if they liked college. Prof Pennebaker said: “Every conversation sounded more or less the same to the naked ear, but text analysis revealed obvious differences in language synchrony (同步). The pairs whose language style matching scores were above average were almost four times as likely to want future contact as pairs whose speaking styles were out of sync.”
        　　A second study revealed the same pattern in everyday online chats between dating couples over the course of 10 days. Almost 80 percent of the couples whose writing style matched were still dating three months later, compared with approximately 54 percent of the couples who did not match as well.
        　　Prof Pennebaker said: “What people are saying to each other is important, but how they are saying it may be even more telling. But what’s wonderful about this is we don’t really make that decision — it just comes out of our mouths. People are not consciously synchronizing their speech.”
        　　47. New research revealed that the success of a relationship could be _____________________ through the way couples used common words.
        　　48. Experts now claim that similar _____________________ are not enough in a successful relationship.
        　　49. According to Professor James Pennebaker, relationships of couples using function words in the same way tend to be _____________________.
        　　50. In the first study, pairs of college students whose languages style matched are more likely to _____________________.
        　　51. Prof Pennebaker suggested that _____________________ may have a greater effect on their relationships.
        　　Section B
        　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
        　　Passage One
        　　Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
        　　We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G.I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.
        　　But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less truly could be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.
        　　Economic condition was only one stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more” was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers, including Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer, came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so than Mies.
        　　Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly deployed, has more impact than a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood (胶合板)—materials that we take for granted today but that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.
        　　The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller—two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet—than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.
        　　The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses—usually around 1,200 square feet—than the sprawling two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.
        　　The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph Rapson may have mispredicted just how the mechanical revolution would impact everyday life—few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers—but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.
        　　52. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans’ .
        　　A) efficiency and practicality C) restraint and confidence
        　　B) prosperity and growth D) pride and faithfulness
        　　53. What can be inferred about Bauhaus from the third paragraph?
        　　A) It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.
        　　B) It had a great influence upon American architecture.
        　　C) Its designing concept was affected by World War II.
        　　D) Most American architects used to be associated with it.
        　　54. According to Mies, elegance of architectural design .
        　　A) was related to large space C) was identified with emptiness
        　　B) was not associated with efficiency D) was not reliant on abundant decoration
        　　55. According to the passage, the apartments Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive .
        　　A) ignored details and proportions
        　　B) were built with materials popular at that time
        　　C) were more spacious than neighboring buildings
        　　D) shared some characteristics of abstract art
        　　56. What do we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”?
        　　A) Natural scenes were taken into consideration.
        　　B) Mechanical devices were widely used.
        　　C) Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.
        　　D) Eco-friendly materials were employed.
        　　Passage Two
        　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
        　　Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, demographic decline and lower growth.
        　　As well as those chronic problems, the EU faces an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.
        　　Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonisation within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonise.
        　　Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrowing, spending and competitiveness, backed by quasi-automatic (半自动的) sanctions for governments that stray. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects, and even the suspension of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference.
        　　A “southern” camp headed by France wants something different: “European economic government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians intervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the French government have murmured, euro-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonisation: e.g., curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.
        　　It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalisation, and make capitalism kind and gentle.
        　　The problem is that the “European social model” has become, too often, a synonym (同义词) for a very expensive way of doing things. It has also become an end in itself, with some EU leaders calling for Europe to grow purely in order to maintain its social-welfare systems. That is a pretty depressing call to arms: become more dynamic so Europe can still afford old-age pensions and unemployment benefits.
        　　57. The EU is faced with so many problems that .
        　　A) it has more or less lost faith in markets
        　　B) even its supporters begin to feel concerned
        　　C) some of its member countries start to abandon euro
        　　D) it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation
        　　58. The debate over the EU’s single currency is stuck because the dominant powers .
        　　A) are competing for the leading position
        　　B) are busy handling their own crises
        　　C) fail to reach an agreement on harmonization
        　　D) disagree on the steps towards disintegration
        　　59. To solve the euro problem, Germany proposes that .
        　　A) EU funds for poor regions be increased
        　　B) stricter regulations be imposed
        　　C) only core members be involved in economic co-ordination
        　　D) voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed
        　　60. The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that .
        　　A) poor countries are more likely to get funds
        　　B) strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries
        　　C) loans will be readily available to rich countries
        　　D) rich countries will basically control Eurobonds
        　　61. What does the author say about the “European social model”?
        　　A) It will come to an end very soon. C) It has been followed by many countries.
        　　B) It is supported by most EU leaders. D) It has become an expensive system.
            
            

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Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
        　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
        　　Despite the scandals over leaked e-mails, the scientific evidence for global warming remains strong. The question, then, is to what 62 have the controversies eroded (削弱) the public’s trust in climate science or, worse, in the scientists themselves?
        　　There has 63 been some decline.
        　　64 , a closer look at the data across multiple polls shows that, broadly speaking, the public trusts scientists, believes in global warming and wants governments to do something about it. The public seems to have done what the mainstream media could not: it has kept the scandals in 65 . The harsh verbal attacks 66 climate science and scientists are actually coming from a 67 handful of critics, and they do not 68 a broader revival of skepticism.
        　　Yet few climate scientists are likely to take 69 in this news. For them, the real 70 of public trust is the level of political 71 on global warming: if people truly believe the science, 72 why have so few of them demanded action of their governments? The problem is that people assess information from any number of 73 , not just scientists. And people make decisions on the 74 of self-interest and their own hopes, fears and values, which will not necessarily 75 what many researchers deem self-evident.
        　　The scientific community must recognize that the 76 surrounding climate change can produce responses in the public and politicians on many different levels. Facts 77 matter. Scientists must continue to engage the public in plain language, 78 the evidence for climate change in a clear and 79 way. And they must provide policy-makers with accurate, credible and 80 information. Scientists will be only as persuasive as they are trusted, which means
        　　that cultivating the public’s trust must be the scientific community’s top 81 .
        　　62. A) extent C) range
        　　B) level D) scope
        　　63. A) delightfully C) unreasonably
        　　B) undoubtedly D) mysteriously
        　　64. A) However C) Similarly
        　　B) Anyway D) Instead
        　　65. A) impression C) consensus
        　　B) perspective D) retrospect
        　　66. A) with C) on
        　　B) to D) of
        　　67. A) informative C) exceptional
        　　B) decisive D) relative
        　　68. A) function C) reflect
        　　B) indicate D) reveal
        　　69. A) account C) notice
        　　B) advantage D) satisfaction
        　　70. A) balance C) concept
        　　B) measure D) estimate
        　　71. A) engagement C) interference
        　　B) agreement D) judgment
        　　72. A) even C) then
        　　B) but D) or
        　　73. A) origins C) samples
        　　B) resources D) sources
        　　74. A) basis C) spur
        　　B) threshold D) point
        　　75. A) embody C) match
        　　B) correspond D) mingle
        　　76. A) incidents C) inferences
        　　B) issues D) conflicts
        　　77. A) take C) carry
        　　B) get D) do
        　　78. A) lay over C) lay out
        　　B) lay aside D) lay down
        　　79. A) obliged C) compulsory
        　　B) tempting D) compelling
        　　80. A) timely C) punctual
        　　B) simultaneous D) instant
        　　81. A) superiority C) urgency
        　　B) priority D) prestige
            
            

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Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
        　　Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.
        　　82. She took a taxi to the station for fear that she ___________________________ (错过去目的地城市的火车).
        　　83. It is amazing that so many people ___________________________ (愿为社区的利益做义务工作).
        　　84. Here we should mention ___________________________ (他是否辞职没有太大影响).
        　　85. No one in the conference is against the suggestion ___________________________ (我们应该重视信息科技).
        　　86. I am writing to you to ___________________________ (因让你失望而致歉).
            
            

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Part I Writing
        　　【参考范文一】
        　　Social Network Sites
        　　 In recent years, social network sites like Renren and Kaixin have rapidly gained popularity among all kinds of people. Many people spend a lot of time on those sites chatting, making friends and playing games. Those sites have become a part of their life.
        　　 The public hold different views on this phenomenon. Some are in favor of those sites for they provide many opportunities to know other people and to know what’s happening in the world. Besides, they’re very convenient to access. One can use a computer or cell phone to log on at home, in a restaurant, or even in the subway. But some people don’t approve of the social network sites. They say that people are wasting too much time on the sites. Some even get addicted to them and abandon their real life. After all, they don’t live in the virtual world.
        　　 In my opinion, the social network sites can be very helpful when we want to keep in touch with friends, but we must remember that the real world is the most important in our life.
        　　【参考范文二】
        　　Social Network Sites
        　　Social network websites have rapidly increased in popularity over the past few years. Many people have registered and become members of some social network websites, such as Facebook, Kaixin and Twitter. These websites have become a part of their daily life.
        　　People’s opinions vary greatly on social network sites. Supporters regard social network websites as places to share feelings and experiences with their friends. Besides, they say these websites provide various interesting games and can help people relax. However, opponents think it is difficult to protect users’ privacy on social network sites. Apart from that, they maintain that users’ chances to gain employment may be reduced as more and more employers take the images which users portray on social network sites into consideration.
        　　As far as I’m concerned, social network sites serve as a good platform for us to make new friends and keep in touch with old ones. Still, we should be aware of the potential dangers involved. It is very necessary to adjust our privacy settings to control who has access to our personal information.
            
            

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Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
        　　1. B) 2. C) 3. A) 4. B) 5. D) 6. D) 7. B)
        　　8. fit 9. clear rules 10. adjusting
        　　Part III Listening Comprehension
        　　11. C) 12. B) 13. A) 14. C) 15. D) 16. B) 17. B) 18. B)
        　　19. C) 20. A) 21. C) 22. C) 23. B) 24. B) 25. D)
        　　26. D) 27. B) 28. C)
        　　29. D) 30. C) 31. C)
        　　32. D)
        　　33. C) 34. D) 35. A)
        　　36. secret 37. contribute 38. distances 39. stressful
        　　40. divorce 41. figuring 42. senior 43. interviewed
        　　44. Things may never really improve, but at least we always hope they will
        　　45. At least there will be time to do all the things we never had time for
        　　46. Unless circumstances are exceptional the prospect of growing really old is horrifying
        　　 Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
        　　 47. predicted
        　　48. personality, values and physical appearance
        　　49. better and longer-lasting
        　　50. want future contact
        　　51. how people are saying to each other
        　　52. C) 53. B) 54. D) 55. D) 56. A)
        　　57. B) 58. C) 59. B) 60. A) 61. D)
        　　Part V Cloze
        　　62. A) 63. B) 64. A) 65. B) 66. C) 67. D) 68. C) 69. D) 70. B) 71. A)
        　　72. C) 73. D) 74. A) 75. C) 76. B) 77. D) 78. C) 79. D) 80. A) 81. B)
        　　Part VI Translation
        　　82. should miss the train bound for the destination city
        　　83. are willing to do voluntary work for the benefit of the community
        　　84. whether he resigns won’t make too much difference
        　　85. that we (should) lay emphasis on information technology
        　　86. express my apology for letting you down
            
            

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录音文本
        　　Part III Listening Comprehension
        　　Section A
        　　11. M: I can’t believe I passed the final on urban planning! That is the subject I hated the most last semester.
        　　 W: Yeah, and what’s more ironic is you seldom attended the lectures.
        　　Q: What does the woman think?
        　　12. W: Would you like a ticket to the concert tonight? I bought it on the spur of the moment. I forget I would visit my professor to discuss my paper.
        　　 M: Thanks, I’d like to go. I haven’t been to any concerts this month.
        　　 Q: What do we learn about the woman?
        　　13. W: Mike said that he is looking for a job in the bookstore.
        　　M: Really? If I remember right, he had a chance to work there, but he turned it down. I thought he did not like the job.
        　　Q: What do we earn about Mike?
        　　14. W: Bob, are you ready? What on earth are you doing? Don’t you know the curtain goes up at exactly seven?
        　　 M: My shirt’s caught in the zipper. Could you give me a hand?
        　　 Q: Where are the speakers going?
        　　15. M: Henry is a lucky guy! Have your parents approved of your engagement?
        　　 W: My dad agrees to think about it. My mom says she won’t give it a thought.
        　　 Q: What does the woman mean about her parents’ attitude?
        　　16. M: I noticed that Mark didn’t come to class today.
        　　 W: He wanted to, but he couldn’t. Quite a few students have been down with the flu epidemic these days. And I think I would bring him back the notes and materials.
        　　 Q: Why was Mark absent today?
        　　17. M: Isn’t it rather cold outside, Sally?
        　　W: It is a bit, but I can’t stand the terrible smoke inside. I’d rather stay here if you don’t mind. You know, fresh air makes me more comfortable.
        　　Q: Why does the woman want to stay outside?
        　　18. W: Are you really going to quit your job?
        　　 M: Well…I’m not sure. I’ve been thinking about it for several days now. I like the job all right, but not these hours.
        　　Q: What does the man think of his job?
        　　Now you will hear the two long conversations.
        　　Conversation One
        　　W: Have you had your holiday for this year yet, Jack?
        　　M: Not yet. I’m taking it at the end of September.
        　　W: Where are you going? Have you made up your mind?
        　　M: Not really. I thought of going to Spain again, but I’ve already been there twice and I’d like to try somewhere new.
        　　W: My brother’s just gone to Mexico for two weeks. I had a card from him yesterday and he seems to be having a good time. Why don’t you go there?
        　　M: That’s O.K. for you well-off people, but I couldn’t possibly afford it. I’m much too hard up at the moment.
        　　W: The air-fare is quite expensive, I admit, but you needn’t spend a lot when you get there.
        　　M: I’ve already spent a lot of money this year. My flat was done up last month, so I haven’t got much to spare for expensive holidays abroad.
        　　W: Oh, I see.
        　　M: Perhaps I’ll just go to Scotland or Ireland in the end. I’ve heard they’re both very beautiful, and I haven’t been to either of them.
        　　W: We went to Ireland two years ago to pay Mary and her husband a visit. They’re in Dublin now.
        　　M: Oh, yes, so they are!
        　　W: If you decide on Ireland you can call in on them. Mary would willingly put you up for a few days, I’m sure.
        　　M: That’s a good idea! I haven’t seen Mary for more than three years and I’d like to know how she’s getting on.
        　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
        　　19. What is the reason for the man not going to Spain for his holiday?
        　　20. Why couldn’t the man afford a trip to Mexico?
        　　21. Why does the man think it is a good idea to go to Ireland?
        　　Conversation Two
        　　W: Would you mind telling us what you would like to be doing five years from now?
        　　M: It might be premature for me to predict this. Hypothetically speaking, I might be able to do your current job as a director.
        　　W: What range of pay-scale are you interested in?
        　　M: Money is important, but the responsibility that goes along with this job is what interests me the most.
        　　W: How would your acquaintances describe you?
        　　M: They say Mr. Li is a sincere, industrial and reliable man who deeply cares for his family and friends.
        　　W: What personality traits do you admire?
        　　M: I like people who show the “can do” spirit.
        　　W: What leadership qualities did you stress as an administrative personnel?
        　　M: Learning how to motivate people and to work together as a team will be the major goal of my leadership.
        　　W: How do you usually handle criticism?
        　　M: Silence is golden. Just don’t say anything; otherwise the situation could become worse. I do, however, appreciate constructive criticism.
        　　W: How do you deal with your disagreement with your colleagues in your work?
        　　M: I will try to present my idea in a more clear and civilized manner in order to get my points across.
        　　W: How would you behave in time of failure?
        　　M: None of us is supposed to be “perfect”. I am sure I will be given a second chance to correct my mistake.
        　　Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
        　　22. What’s the man’s response to the woman’s question about his five-year career plan?
        　　23. What is the man’s idea about salary?
        　　24. What is the man’s main goal of leadership?
        　　25. How does the man handle the conflict with colleagues?
        　　Section B
        　　Passage One
        　　Allan goes everywhere with Birgitta Anderson, a 54-year-old secretary. He moves around her office at work and goes shopping with her. “Most people don’t seem to mind Allan,” says Birgitta, who thinks he is wonderful. “He’s my fourth child,” she says. She may think of him and treat him that way, buying his food, paying his health bills and his taxes, but in fact Allan is a dog. Birgitta and Allan live in Sweden, a country where everyone is expected to lead an orderly life according to rules laid down by the government, which also provides a high level of care for its people. This level of care costs money. People in Sweden pay taxes on everything, so aren’t surprised to find that owning a dog means yet more taxes. Some people are paying as much as 500 Swedish kronor in taxes a year for the right to keep their dog, money that is spent by the government on dog hospitals and sometimes medical treatment for a dog that falls ill. However, most such treatment is expensive, so owners often decide to pay health and even life insurance for their dog. In Sweden dog owners must pay for any damage their dog does. A Swedish Kennel Club official explains what this means: if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car, you, as the owner, have to pay for any damage done to the car, even if your dog has been killed in the accident.
        　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
        　　26. Who is Allan?
        　　27. What’s the passage mainly about?
        　　28. What can we learn from the passage?
        　　Passage Two
        　　In Spring 2008, the polar bear was placed on the endangered species list. According to the Endangered Species Act, an endangered species is an animal that is likely to face extinction in its natural habitat. Polar bears have been categorized as a “threatened” species. The ESA defines a threatened species as one that is likely to become “endangered” in the foreseeable future. The polar bear is the first animal that has been classified as endangered due primarily to global warming. Global warming is caused by carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that become trapped in the atmosphere. Heating homes, driving cars, and burning garbage all require fossil fuels that lead to global warming. The polar bear’s habitat is more vulnerable to global warming than many other species. Polar bears live mainly on the sea ice in the Arctic. This is where they hunt for fish and build up fat reserves. When the ice melts many polar bears move to land and live off their stored fat. In the Arctic, global warming is causing the ice to melt slightly earlier and form slightly later. This results in a shorter feeding season for the polar bear. Some risk their lives to find ice. If they have to swim too far they will drown from exhaustion and hunger. The World Wildlife Fund estimates that nearly 25% of the Arctic sea ice has disappeared in the past 30 years. Since the Endangered Species Act was introduced in the U.S. in 1973, many species have been taken off the list due to increased populations.
        　　Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
        　　29. What is an endangered species, according to the passage?
        　　30. What poses the greatest threat to polar bears today?
        　　31. What percentage of the Arctic sea ice has disappeared in the past 30 years?
        　　Passage Three
        　　Having a husband means an extra seven hours of housework each week for women, according to a new study. For men, getting married saves an hour of housework a week. “It’s a well-known pattern,” said lead researcher Frank Stafford at University of Michigan’s Institute for Social Research. Men usually work more outside the home, while women take on more of the housework. He points out that differences among households exist. But in general, marriage means more housework for women and less for men. And the situation gets worse for women when they have children. Overall, times are changing in the American home. In 1976, women busied themselves with 26 weekly hours of sweeping-and-dusting work, compared with 17 hours in 2005. Men are taking on more housework, more than doubling their housework hours from 6 in 1976 to 13 in 2005. Single women in their 20s and 30s did the least housework, about 12 weekly hours; while married women in their 60s and 70s did the most — about 21 hours a week. Men showed a somewhat different pattern, with older men picking up the broom more often than younger men. Single men worked the hardest around the house, more than that of all other age groups of married men. Having children increases housework even further. With more than three children, for example, wives took on more of the extra work, clocking about 28 hours a week compared with husbands’ 10 hours.
        　　Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
        　　32. What is the passage mainly about?
        　　33. What can we learn from Stafford’s research?
        　　34. How many hours did married women in their 60s and 70s spend on housework one week?
        　　35. Which group of men does most housework according to the passage?
        　　Section C
        　　Why do so many people live to a healthy old age in certain parts of the world? What is the (36) secret of their long lives? Three things seem to (37) contribute to it: fresh air, fresh food and a simple way of life. People work near their homes in the clean, mountain air instead of travelling long (38) distances to work by bus, car or train. They do not sit all day in (39) stressful offices or factories, but work hard outdoors in the fields. They take more exercise and eat less food than people in the cities of the West. For years, the Hunaz of the Himalayas did not need policemen, lawyers or doctors. There was no crime, no (40) divorce and not much illness in their society. They were a happy, peaceful people, famous all over India for their long, healthy lives.
        　　Although many people are keen on (41) figuring out ways to live a longer life, there are people worrying about their (42) senior years. Once a retired doctor I (43) interviewed shared with me his worries: It’s only natural to look forward to something better. (44) Things may never really improve, but at least we always hope they will. It is one of life’s great ironies that the longer we live, the less there is to look forward to. Retirement may bring with it the fulfillment of a lifetime’s dreams. (45) At least there will be time to do all the things we never had time for. From then on, the dream fades. (46) Unless circumstances are exceptional the prospect of growing really old is horrifying. Who wants to live long enough to become a doddering wreck? Who wants to go back to that most dreadful of all human conditions, a second childhood?