2018年6月大学英语六级听力常考时文：Andrew Carnegie

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　　1.What was one of the reasons why Andrew Carnegie could succeed? His
...during periods of economic decline.
        　　2.What should the wealthy do in Carnegie's opinion? Use their fortunes for
...
        　　3.What formed the nucleus of today's public library system in the U.S? ...
established due to the contributions by Carnegie.
        　　Andrew Carnegie, known, as the king of steel, built the steel industry in
the United States, and, in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in
America. His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the product and
in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economic decline, when
most of his competitors were reducing their investments. Carnegie believed that
individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that
the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. He opposed
charity, preferring instead to provide educational opportunities that would
allow others to help themselves. “He who dies rich, dies disgraced, ” he often
said. Among his more noteworthy contributions to society are those that bear his
name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a
museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. He also founded a school
of technology that is now part of Carnegie Mellon University. Other
philanthropic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to
promote understanding between nations, the Carnegie Institute of Washington to
fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts.Few
Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie’s generosity. His
contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in
small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public
library system that we all enjoy today.