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英语四级阅读理解是英语四级考试中的重点部分，而随着时代的发展，英语四级中的阅读题型也在不断更替改变，下面是小编为大家整理的英语四级阅读寒假练习题，希望可以为大家带来帮助。
2017年大学英语四级阅读寒假练习题汇总
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other
creatures-learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; and there
is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed
that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related
to such basic physiological(生理的) "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a
baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not
otherwise.
It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways
that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful
outcome.
Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the
babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the
head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to
drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response
with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in
situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young
as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement
"switched on" a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of learning
quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two
right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.
Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he
made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to
watch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display
came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights
which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the
problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge
to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
36. According to the author, babies learn to do things which .
A) are directly related to pleasure
B) will meet their physical needs
C) will bring them a feeling of success
D) will satisfy their curiosity
37. Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby .
A) would make learned responses when it saw the milk
B) would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink
C) would continue the simple movements without being given milk
D) would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink
38. In Papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in
order to .
A) have the lights turned on B) be rewarded with milk C) please their
parents D) be praised
39. The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because .
A) the lights were directly related to some basic "drives" B) the sight of
the lights was interesting
C) they need not turn back to watch the lights D) they succeeded in
"switching on" the lights
40. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something
is a reflection of .
A) a basic human desire to understand and control the world
B) the satisfaction of certain physiological needs
C) their strong desire to solve complex problems
D) a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills
参考答案：
36-40 .CCADA |
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发表于 2017-1-25 18:03:07