新东方雷桢：2014考研英语作文考前预测

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        　　大家好，我是新东方大学听说读写拔高老师雷桢。笔者在教授大学听说读写拔高四级课程上发现，很多备考考研英语的同学在拿到考题后对文章思路不理解，导致作文分数提不高。今天，来帮助大家总结考研英语写作部分题型以及出题思路，希望能为备考考研英语同学提分有所帮助。
　　首先，给大家梳理一下近五年的考研英语作文。
       

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        　　考研小作文基本上是以应用文为主，出题形式以书信或电子邮件居多，题材涉及到招聘书，申请信，通知，致辞，推荐信，感谢信，道歉信和投诉建议信为主，考生拿到题目后第一步看清题目要求，按照题目给出的要点进行分段写作。如：2013年考研小作文题目：
　　Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help. Write your classmates an email to
　　1) inform them about the details and
　　2)encourage them to participate in.
　　100 words .Use Li Ming. Don't write your address.
　　考生只需要按照题目给出的两个要点来写作，这封电子邮件题材是通知，告知同学有关慈善义卖活动事宜，并且鼓励大家积极参与。该作文可以分三段展开，首段自我介绍和说明写邮件目的，第二段通知慈善义卖活动详情，结尾段倡导大家加入。
　　以下是笔者写的文章，仅供参考。
　　Dear Classmates,
　　My name is Li Ming, one of your classmates, and I am in charge of the charity sale for kids in want of help to be held by our class.
　　The principal purpose of this e-mail is to invite you to participate actively in the charity sale. The charity sale will be held in the theater of our college on March 24th, 2013, when all the items donated will be sold and all the money we get will be dedicated to the needy. If you have such things to donate as books, clothes, toys, etc., do not hesitate to contact our monitor Li Hua prior to the next-week class meeting.
　　Please give a hand to the kids in need and extend our love to the heart in need. We would be honored to have you there with us.
　　I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience and your prompt attention to this e-mail will be highly valued and appreciated.
　　Respectfully,
　　Li Ming
　　大家在备考时要积累一些应用文的开篇句和结尾句，应用文首段通常要说明写信目的，可使用以下句型。如"I am writing this letter to (do…)"或 "The main purpose of this letter is (to do …)"。结尾段的结束语也需要积累。如："Your consideration of my letter is highly appreciated."或 "I appreciate your attention to my letter and look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience." 中间段还要按照要点写作，注意句句之间的衔接以及表次序词汇的使用等。其实，应用文写作并不难，考生在备考时要将应用文框架牢记在心，多积累一些常用句式，以便在考场上直接套用。
            
            

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        　　从历年考研小作文出题角度和题材看，2014年考研小作文题材很有可能会继续采用校园话题，如：学习，校园活动，餐厅饮食，求职面试，社团纳新，主题演讲稿等。无论什么题材，考生务必在临考前熟悉应用文框架和一些高分句型，平时多加练习，及时批改纠正，应用文取得高分并不是不可能。
　　考研大作文历来都是看图作文，近五年的看图作文涉及题材大多是以社会热点话题（如文化火锅，旅游之余，网络的"近"与"远"等），还出现过观点对比型（如悲观与乐观等）。首先，看图作文的模式是总分总模式（首段描图，第二段说明图画寓意，结尾段提出建议或呼吁等）。其次，掌握常见具有说服力的论证方法（因果分析法，例证法和对比比较法等）显得尤为重要。笔者就以在大学听说读写拔高四级课堂教材上一道题目来给大家现身说法，帮助大家突破考研看图作文写作。
　　Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should
　　1) describe the drawing,
　　2) interpret its meaning, and
　　3) support your view with examples.
　　You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
       

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        　　A glance at the thought-provoking picture symbolically depicted by the drawer reveals how significant to be optimistic is. In the picture, two men response in an entirely different manner at the sight of a bottle of water overturning on the ground. Their facial expressions imply that one is rather gloomy and the other is quite composed and confident.
　　Simple as the picture is, yet, the meaning it conveys is truly profound.
　　There is, nowadays, not a single man or woman who cannot encounter twists and turns in his or her life, which is quite independent of his or her wishes. The attitudes towards the sufferings at crucial times, however, seem to be vitally important: optimism or pessimism? To be positive and optimistic allows individuals, say, Steve Jobs, the head of Apple company, to conquer the disadvantages. Jobs eventually became such a high-achiever despite the raid of cancer. It is the optimistic view taken by Jobs that makes it possible for the Apple company to boost the worldwide reputation in the telecom industry. Positive passion travels fast while negative energy stagnates. Pessimism consumes one's confidence and devours one's craze and creativities. Nothing can be undertaken without a promising outlook and dynamic and ambition.
　　In conclusion, there is no question that one impediment or another in reality confront individuals, but the question left unanswered is which of attitudes people should choose, optimism or pessimism. The answer is definitely optimism, which carries a connotation of conquering the disadvantages and inspiring the confidence, as well as igniting the craze and innovation.
　　看图作文是按照三段式写作，考生在临考前需要掌握一些高分句型（如：描图句型，阐明寓意句型，引出原因句型，提建议句型等）。
　　从历年考研大作文出题角度和题材看，2014年考研大作文题材很有可能会涉及到社会热点型或观点对比型，如：科技与教育，环境污染，社会文化，成功与合作，学习等话题。无论什么题材，考生务必在临考前熟悉看图作文框架和一些高分句型，平时多加练习，及时批改纠正。相信大家一定能收获高分，收获希望！
　　最后，希望能在大学听说读写拔高的课堂上跟大家分享更多内容，谢谢！
　　笔者简介
　　雷桢：北京新东方学校优秀教师，主讲大学听说读写拔高二、三、四级课程，高级写作，高级阅读等课程。