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开头语常用表达：
寒暄或关于“接到你的某月某日的信”
Excuse me of not writing you for such a long time.
Your letter dated the 10th inst. (instant 本月) is at hand.
I feel complimented by the kindness of your letter which arrived this
morning.
Words can’t express my delight of receiving your letter dated Aug. 27.
点明目的，表示通知、消息。
I am writing to ask if you can do me a favor.
I have the pleasure to tell you that our friend, Jim, will get married in
the New Year’s Day.
I am very much delighted to inform that you will get a promotion soon.
结尾语常用表达：
We send you our best wishes.
With best regards.
Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Please give my best regards to your family / parents
All theü luck in the world to you.
结尾谦辞(Complementary Close)
结尾谦辞指写信人对收信人的谦辞称，写在正文下第二、三行处，从信纸中间稍向右处或齐头左顶格写起，第一字母大写，末尾加逗号。结尾谦辞根据通信人之间关系的亲疏恰当选择。常见的有以下几种：
通常使用：
Sincerely,(Your Sincerely; Sincerely yours; Most sincerely)
Truly，(Yours truly; very truly yours)
给上级、长辈、领导或公务信件用：
Respectively yours,
Faithfully yours,
一般同事或熟人之间用：
Yours ever,
Your friend,
Cordially yours,
写出亲属或关系非常亲密的是：
With love,
Love,
All my love,
Forever yours
Yours affectionately,
Your loving son / daughter
书信作文的语体问题
就书信作文而言，作文内容固然重要，但语体更是问题。英文书信大致可分为事务书信(Business Letters)和个人书信(Personal
Letters)两种。前者是单位与单位或个人与单位之间来往的信件，语体比较正规(formal);后者则是个人与个人之间的飞鸿，表达较为随便(Personal)。但有时，同一封信可以采用正式与非正式两种语体表达，这就要求考生具有明辨和变换语体的能力。会变换语体，就要掌握大量词汇和句子结构、套语，尤其是同义词的不同感情色彩以及委婉语气和祈使句的应用。一般说来，正式文多采用包含would,
should, might
等情态动词的语句，而个人书信除对师长的客套外，大都可融进少量口语体的句子(如祈使句、感叹句等)。值得一提的是广义虚拟语气在书信中的应用(凡要表达客气委婉的语气或留有余地的主观愿望而使用的虚拟语气属广义用法)。广义虚拟语气涉及到若干固定句式，比如：
陈述看法
I believed/thought/guessed/supposed/…that+表述内容(用过去时代替现在时是客气委婉的表示。)
提出劝告、建议
It would/could be fine to do …
You might as well do …
You should do…
提出请求、询问意向
I would (very much) like to …
Could you…
Would you …
表明意向l
I was wondering if …
I wondered if …
以上句式在正式或比较正式的书信中是常见的，应学会使用。 |
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发表于 2016-7-10 14:35:43