英语语法：学习英语定语从句的几个误区

英语自学网

　　一、误认为关系代词whose只用于修饰人
        　　whose用作疑问代词时，主要用于指人;但用作关系代词时，它既可指人也可指物。如：
        　　It was an island, whose name I have forgotten. 它是一座岛，名字我忘了。
        　　The factory, whose workers are all women, is closed during the holidays. 这家工厂工人都是妇女，在假期中工厂关门了。
        　　二、混淆定语从句与并列句
        　　请看下面两题：
        　　1. He has two children, and both of _________ are abroad.
        　　A. them B. which C. whom D. who
        　　2. He has two children, both of _________ are abroad.
        　　A. them B. which C. whom D. who
        　　第1题选A，第2题选C。由于第1题中用了并列连词and，从而使整个句子为并列句，and后应是一个独立的简单句，所以选A不选C;第2题没有并列连词and，both of whom are abroad为非限制性定语从句。另外，请比较下面一题：
        　　He has two children, both of _________ being abroad.
        　　A. them B. which C. whom D. who
        　　此题答案为A，其中的both of them being abroad为独立主格结构，用作状语。
        　　请再看一组类似的例子：
        　　1. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _________ translated into foreign languages.
        　　A. it B. them C. which D. that
        　　2. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _________ were translated into foreign languages.
        　　A. it B. them C. which D. that
        　　第1应选B，而不能选C，是因为句中的 translated 是过去分词(非谓语动词)，若选C，则该从句无谓语;第2应选C，因为句中有谓语 were translated。比较下面一例：
        　　He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _________ were translated into foreign languages.
        　　A. it B. them C. which D. that
        　　此题与上面的第2题不同，两句间多了一个并列连词and，说明这是一个并列句，故应选B，则不能选C。