轻武器调查(2/2)

英语自学网

概述：轻武器调查报告指出，暴力致死事件中只有少部分源于地区冲突，大部分源于日常危险因素。
Hints:
42-62%
Anna Alvazzi del Frate
Small Arms Survey
校对：ldzh43
翻译&注解：kiwiangle
组长：olivertt
答疑：vincit
发音点评：ziyibn
本期材料发音模仿地址：http://bulo.hujiang.com/menu/11885/item/796243/The report notes civilians hold about 75% of the estimated 875 million guns and other firearms owned worldwide. It says firearms are responsible for 42-62% of all deadly violence. And it says for each person killed this way, three others survive with gunshot injuries.
Anna Alvazzi del Frate is research director for the Small Arms Survey. She says guns and violent households are a deadly combination.
Studies in several countries have shown that between 40 and 70% of female murder victims are killed by a sexual partner. The report finds organized crime murders decreased by about 45% from 2007 to 2010. It suggests the rate may be dropping because organized crime is moving increasingly into legal markets.
The Small Arms Survey finds that land disputes lead to much of the violence in Africa. It says deaths from these conflicts stretch from tens to thousands of people, sometimes over long periods.
The report says the United States was the leading exporter of small arms and light weapons in 2010. That year, the country was also at the top of the list of arms importers. The report says there was about $4.4 billion worth of legal trade in small arms in 2010. However, unofficial estimates are double that amount.报告称，全球约有枪支等轻武器共8.75亿支，其中由平民持有的枪支数量约占75%。42%至62%的致命性暴力事件都可归因于枪支。同时，枪击所导致的非致命伤害和死亡的比率为3:1。
安娜·阿尔瓦兹·德尔·弗雷特是轻武器调查报告的调研总监。她说枪支和暴力家庭是一对致命组合。
数个国家的研究都表明，谋杀案中40%至70%的女性受害者都是被性伴侣所杀。报告发现自2007年至2010年，有组织的谋杀案件下降了约45个百分点。有组织的犯罪正逐渐以合法化的手段实施，这可能是比率不断下降的原因。
轻武器调查报告发现，在非洲，土地纠纷是大部分暴力事件的导火索。这些冲突导致的死亡人数从几十人到几千人不等，有时冲突会经历很长的时间。
报告称，美国是2010年小型武器和轻武器的主要出口国及最大进口国。2010年小型武器的合法交易额约为44亿美元。然而，非官方估计金额是它的两倍。