【新编大学英语】（第二册）Unit 6 A 饮食与文化（4/5）

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        United States
        Israelites
        Egyptians
        一处连字符
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
Another example is that Americans do not eat dogs, although people from some other cultures regard them as good food. In the United States, dogs are very important to people as pets. They are usually regarded as part of the family, almost like a child in some cases. In addition, dogs have value as protection against criminals. Thieves will not usually enter a house where there is a dog because the dog will bark and possibly attack a stranger who is trying to get into a house. Apparently, the dog's place in society as a companion and as protection against criminals makes the dog taboo as food.
The taboo against eating pork occurs in more than one culture. There is some evidence that some ancient Egyptians did not eat pork. The ancient Israelites also regarded pork as taboo. One explanation for the pig-eating taboo is that pork that is not cooked sufficiently may spread a disease called trichinosis. However, most people no longer think that this is a good explanation for the pork taboo.再比如，美国人不吃狗肉, 尽管其他一些文化背景的人视狗肉为佳肴。在美国，狗作为宠物对人们极为重要。通常它们被视为家庭的一部分，有时甚至还把狗当成自己的孩子。此外，狗的价值还在于防范罪犯。盗贼一般不进入有狗的住宅，因为狗会吠叫，而且可能会袭击试图进入屋子的陌生人。显而易见，狗在社会中作为伙伴及防范罪犯的卫士的角色使吃狗肉成为禁忌。
   不止一种文化忌食猪肉。有迹象表明一些古埃及人不吃猪肉。古代以色列人也视猪肉为禁忌。对禁食猪肉的一种解释是，未被煮透的猪肉可能会传播一种疾病，叫旋毛虫病。但大多数人不再认为这能很好地解释禁食猪肉的原因。