英语四六级考试冲刺备考笔记
一、完形考试的特点和测试点:复线:当文章中某要表达和以前相同的意思是选用与原词意义相近的其它词。
同线:用一组具有同倾向的词汇来进行描述。
因为完型文章都具有鲜明的导向性,作者为了表达这种导向性必然要用同一组具有同倾向概念的词来写。(这种词不一定是形容词)
十一、完型作题时间,20分钟基本够用。
1、无关词排除法:看选项中那个词与文章主体没有关系,排除掉;
例:117页35 publicity n.公开 penalty n.处罚、罚款 popularity n.普及,流行,声望 peculiarity n.特性,怪癖
2、同现法:作者用一组有同倾向概念的词表达文章导向或作者的态度; 例:111页43 mysterious
3、句子结构对应成分分析法,找出与题目相对应的成分,即已知信息;
例:112页45、频度副词 134页41、与serious对立的 123页32、与ear相对应 22、than 常连接两个对等成分
I live in this house rather _____. a. villa b. apartment c .private room d. in the dormitory
4、在完型中时间概念的意义,对作题形成限制性的逻辑关系。
例:114页 from 1750 to 1850; from 1650 to 1750; 119页 20th century …… 15th and 16th centuries …… 19th century
总分结构,形容词在总述句中的作题方法:
1、在分述句中找答案,动词、名词、副词都有这种特性,形容词的出题性更大。
2、只要表达修饰和被修饰之间的关系,都含有褒贬一致性、同质性。
大纲样题:
During the 1980s, unemployment in some countries was as high as 90 percent. Some countries did not _31_ enough food; basic needs in housing and clothing were not _32_. Many of these countries looked to the industrial processes of the developed nations _33_solutions.
_34_, problems cannot always be solved by copying the industrialized nations. Industry in the developed nations is highly automated and very _35_. It provides fewer jobs than labor-intensive industrial processes, and highly_36_ workers are needed to _37_and repair the equipment. These workers must be strained, _38_ many nations do not have the necessary training institutions. Thus must be sent abroad to _40_ vocational and professional training. _41_just to beginning, the students must _42_learn English, French, German, or Japanese. The students then students must _42_ learn English, German, or Japanese. The students then spend many years abroad, and _43_ do not return home.
All nations agree that science and technology _44_be shared. The point is: countries _45_ the industrial processes of the developed nations need to look carefully _46_ the costs, because many of these costs are _47_ Students from these nations should _48_ the problems of the industrialized countries closely. _49_care, they will take home not the problems of science and technology, _50_the benefits.
31.generate raise produce manufacture
32.answered met calculated remembered
33.for without as about
34.Moreover Therefore Anyway However
35.expensive mechanical flourishing complicated
36.gifted skilled trained versatile
37.keep maintain retain protect
38.since so and yet
39.charge price cost value
40.accept gain receive absorb
41.Frequently IncidentallyDeliberately Eventually
42.soon quickly Deliberately Eventually
43.some others several few
44.might should would will
45.adopting conducting receiving adjusting
46.to at on about
47.opaque secret sealed hidden
48.tackle learn study manipulate
49.In Through With Under
50.except nor or but
developed countries发达国家
developing countries发展中国家
作者有一个基本的导向:发展中国家应当向发达国家学习
最深层次的导向:发展中国家应怎样向发达国家学习:carefully
unemployment不充分就业,一天不超过6小时
31.C generate 生产,产生 raise 抚养
manufacture 生产、制造 manufacturer 制造商
produce 生产、制造 /‘prodju:s/ n.产品总称 product n.产品,产物
发音:‘desert沙漠和de‘ssert餐后甜点的发音 soup汤和soup肥皂
32.B meet 遇到 satisfy 满意
注意作者的排比句:这是一种铺垫的写法
33.A look to sb. sth. for …… 求助于某人某事为了……
34.D industrialized nations 工业国家 copying 翻译为照搬,与上一句是转折关系。本句是插入成分,起到承上启下的作用
35.A 本句直接定义出发达国家的工业有什么特点。本题必须在分述找答案。
labor-intensive 劳动密集型产业
开始对总述进行分述
expensive即cost high
complicated 复杂的(中文的复杂暗含有先进的意思,但英文没有)
sophisticated 复杂的,精致的
36.B gifted 有天赋的 versatile 多才多艺的
highly trained workers 语法不对 应是 well trained
highly skilled workers 高度技能的工人
37.B 先看主谓搭配,再看动宾搭配,最后考虑和repair有and的关系
keep 保持,保留 retain 去伪存真的保留
maintenance 维护,保养 maintain v. 维护,保养
maintain and repair 维修,maintain、repair是两个动词关联成分
38.D 转折
39.C charge收费,price具体价格,value表示价值,外延太广,cost成本
分述一: 以上四点都是由于机器的高度自动化
分述二:cost 变高了,采用总分对照的形式
40.C vocational and professional training 职业培训
vocation n.假期 vocational 职业的
gain 得到,获得(权力、金钱等) absorb 吸收(光热)
receive 收到 accept 心理上的接受
41.A incidentally 偶然地 deliberately 故意的 eventually 最终
frequently 通常的
42.D 找到后面的线索,根据上下文的行文习惯选出first
43.A
44.B 考语法现象:agree, ask, demand, propose, suggest, dream
都表达人类心里的期望
语法上本句要求使用虚拟语气,把should 记成“应当”的意思,可以省略
45.A 把前后两个已知线索连接起来,adopting 采纳,采用
copying, importing已经定义了穷国和发达国家之间的关系
总结:这种题型叫复现。同现是分布在文章不同位置重点词汇的衔接手段。复现也是分布在文章不同位置重点词汇的衔接手段。复现是指同样的意思在文章不同的地方重复出现。
第一种办法:用同样的词(原词)
第二种方法:用不同样的词在文章不同的地方表示同样的意思。
其出题的意义:文章中有三个复现的词,A和B是已知,第三个词是未知的,让大家来选。A和B两个复现词是第三个词的相关线索。
前两个复现词是importing, coping
它们定位了穷国和发达国家工业之间的关系。
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