2012年6月英语六级阅读理解每日一练(1-8)
1 Which of the following does "labor market problems" (Line 1, Para. 1 ) refer to?
Shortage of jobs providing adequate income.
Deficiencies in the training of the work force.
Trade relationships among producers of goods.
The overall causes of poverty.
2 The author contrasts the 1930s with the present in order to show that
more people were unemployed in the 1930s
social programs are more needed now
unemployment now has less severe effects
now there is a greater proportion of elderly and handicapped people among those in poverty
3 Which of the following proposals best responds to the issues raised by the author?
Innovative programmers using multiple approaches should be set up to reduce the level. of unemployment.
A compromise should be found between the positions of those who view joblessness an evil greater than economic control and those who hold the opposite view.
New statistical indices should be developed to measure the degree to which unemployment and inadequately paid employment cause suffering."
Consideration should be given to the ways in which statistics can act as partial causes of the phenomena that they purport to measure.
4 The author’s purpose in citing those who are repeatedly unemployed during a twelve-month period is most probably to show that__________
there are several factors that cause the payment of low wages to some members of the labor force
unemployment statistics can underestimate the hardship resulting from joblessness
recurrent inadequacies in the labor market can exist and cause hardships for individual workers
a majority of those who are jobless at any time does not suffer severe hardship
5 According to the text, one factor that causes unemployment and earnings figures to over-predict the amount of economic
hardship is the__________
recurrence of periods of unemployment for a group of low wage workers
fact that unemployment counts do not include those who work for low wages
establishment of a system of record keeping that makes it possible to compile poverty statistics
prevalence, among low wage workers and the unemployed, of members of families in which others are employed
答案请见下页
现代社会面临的主要问题之一就是劳动力市场问题，而当今社会上的统计数字却没能体现出该问题的真实现状。文章从社会的统计数字入手，说明了劳动力市场问题的现状及其严峻性。
1．A语义题。文章第一段谈到，现在失业对家庭的影响没有以前那么大了，但第二段又指出，很多在职雇员工资很低，难以维持生计，由此推断labor market problems指的不是传统意义上的失业，而是能提供足够收入的工作的短缺，所以A正确。
2．C推断题。由文章第一段第四句可知，20世纪30年代的失业人员主要是家中的生活来源，而现在的失业结果并没有以前那么可怕，所以比较的目的是说明如今失业的后果并没有以前那么严重。强干扰项A指出了20世纪30年代有更多的人失业，从文中并不能得出这个结论，故排除。
3．C推断题。文章先讲了现行统计数据会夸大实际失业问题，接着又从另一方面谈到这些数据会低估这一状况，其论据之一就是收入不足以维持生计的人口并未列入统计数据中。C项说新的统计指数能够反映出什么程度的失业和什么程度的在业但收入不足会真正带来困境，这正好可以弥补作者提出的现行统计数据的两大不足，故选C。
4．B推断题。由第二段可知，作者提到多次失业的人是为了显示统计数据常常低估失业带来的苦难和艰辛，所以B正确。
5．D推断题。本题应注意题目中的over-predict，即“高估”。A项提到的低收入工人经常性失业会引起低估，应排除；B项提到的失业统计没包括那些低收入的有工作的人也是低估的原因，故排除；C项文中并未提及；由第一段第五句的more than one wage earner可知D正确。
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