2008年英语四级句子词汇真题训练及详解(二)
1. ______ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.2. In Africa, educational costs are very low for those who are ______ enough to get into universities.
3. Do you have any ______ about what living beings on other planets would be like?
4. In November 1987 the government ______ a public debate on the future direction of the official sports policy.
5. His career was not ______ hindered by the fact that he had never been to college.
ambitious unlike notion noticeably
initiated alike ideal fortunate
近义词排除练习：
1.handle cope tackle thrive
2.similar alike annual like
3.magnificent sufficient super superb
4.opponent opportunity chance occasion
参考答案及解析：
1.选。
[题意]杰克和姐姐不同，他生性喜静，不易与他人交朋友。
unlike adv.不同的 prep.和...不同
[范例]His uncle promised him $100 if he could earn a like sum.如果他自己能挣到100美元，他伯伯答应给他同样数目的钱。
2.选。
[题意]在非洲，教育费用对于那些足够幸运能够进入大学的人来说是很低的。
fortune n.运气，时运，命运;(大量)财产，大笔的钱
[搭配]have good/ bad fortune 运气好/坏;read/ tell sb.'s fortune 给某人算命;try one's fortune 碰运气
[搭配]Every man is the architect of his own fortune.每个人都是自己命运的建筑师(主宰)。
3.选。
[题意]你知道别的行星上的生命是什么样子吗?
notion n.概念，观念;意图，想法
[搭配]have no notion of time 没有时间观念;have a sudden notion to leave 突然想离开;unrealistic notions 不切实际的想法;have no notion of resigning 没有辞职的意思
[范例]I haven't the faintest notion of what they mean. 我一点也不知道他们是什么意思。
4.选。
[题意]1987年11月，政府就官方体育运动方针政策的未来走向发起了一场公开辩论。
initiate vt.开始，发起;使初步了解;接纳(新成员) n.新加入组织的人
[搭配]initiate trade with developed nations 开始与发达国家交易;initiate a reform 发起改革
[范例]The police wanted to know who had initiatedthe fight.警方想知道是谁先开始动手打架的。
5.选。
[题意]他的事业并未因他从未上过大学而受到明显的妨碍。
noticeably adv.显而易见地
1. 2. 3. 4.
1. It is our ______ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.(CET-4,2000.1)
2. Our journey was slow because the train stopped ______ at different villages.(CET-4,1999.1)
3. Three university departments have been ______ $600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.(CET-4,2003.9)
4. Finding a job can be ______ and disappointing, and therefore it is important that you are prepared.(CET-4,2003.9)
5. However, at times this balance in nature is ______, resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.(CET-4,1998.6)
continuous frustrating misleading continually
consistent secured disturbed awarded
参考答案及解析:
1.选。[题意]通过和平方式实现统一是我们一贯的政策。
consistent adj.一贯地;一致地
[搭配]be consistent with... 与...一致
[范例]He has always consistent in his opinion.他的意见始终如一。
2.选。[题意]旅程进行得很慢，因为我们乘坐的火车总是在路过的村庄停车。
continually adj.不断地，频繁地
[搭配]stop continually at different villages 总在不同的村庄停下来
3.选。[题意]三个系获得600，000美元的奖金以制订良好的授课与学习方法。
award v.授予;奖励;判给
4.选。[题意]找工作会让人受挫和令人失望，因此有备无患很重要。
frustrate vt.使沮丧;使受挫这
[搭配] frustrate her hopes of going out 使她外出的愿望落空;frustrate the enemy in his plans 挫败敌人的计划;feel frustrate in the job 对工作感到不顺心
frustrating adj.令人懊恼的;令人沮丧的
5.选。[题意]然而，有时自然界的平衡会被破坏，导致一些可能无法预见的影响。
disturbe vt.打扰(尤指正在工作的人)，妨碍(某人的睡眠等);使不安，使烦恼;弄乱
[搭配] disturb the balance in the nature 破坏生态平衡;disturb sb. with some question 问问题打扰某人;disturb peace 破坏和平
[范例] The wind disturbs the smooth surface of the lake. 风吹皱了平静的湖面。
1.It is reported that Uruguay understand and ______ China on human rights issues.(CET-4,2004.1)
2.They were ______ admission to the military exhibition because they were foreigners.(CET-4,2003.9)
3.John doesn’t believe in ______ medicine; he has some remedies of his own.(CET-4,2003.1)
4.Not having a good command of English can be a serious ______ preventing you from achieving your goals.(CET-4,2004.1)
5.Mr. Jones hold strong views against video games and ______ the closing of all recreation facilities for such games.(CET-4,2003.9)
abandons conventional obstacle backs
advocates denied regular deprived
参考答案及解析:
1.选。[题意]据报道乌拉圭理解并支持中国在****问题上的立场。
back vt.支持;使后退 vi.后退，倒退 adv.回原处;向后 n&adj. 背(的);后面(的)
[搭配] back China on human rights issue 支持中国在****问题上的立场
[短语] back down/off 放弃，后退;back out 退出，撒手;食言;back up(使)后退;支持;behind sb’s back 背着某人，暗中;turn one’s back 轻视，不理睬
[范例] He backed the car out of the garage. 他把车从车库里倒开了出来。
2.选。[题意]他们被拒绝参观军事展览，因为他们是外国人。
deny vt.拒绝给予;否认，不承认
[用法] 动词deny后接动名词或名词宾语
[搭配] deny sb the right to vote 拒绝给予某人选举权;deny sb the chance of doing sth 不给某人做某事的机会;deny sb’s admission 拒绝某人入场;deny doing/ having done sth 否认做过某事
[范例] That young man still denies having started the fire behind the store. 那个年轻人仍然否认自己在商店后面纵火。
3.选。[题意]约翰不相信常规药物，他有自己的治疗方法。
conventional adj.常规的;符合习俗的
[搭配] conventional weapons/ medicine 常规武器/药物;a conventional style/ design 传统风格/图案;conventional opinions 旧观念
[范例] The design of new building was conventional rather than exciting. 那栋新建筑物的设计因循守旧，并不令人耳目一新。
4.选。[题意]掌握不好英语会是一个严重的障碍，阻碍你实现目标。
obstacle n.障碍(物)，妨碍
[搭配] an obstacle to progress/ work 进步的障碍/工作的障碍; overcome the obstacle 克服障碍
[范例] His reluctance to compromise is an obstacle to his political success. 他不肯妥协是他政治上成功的一个障碍。
5.选。[题意]琼斯先生强烈反对电子游戏，并提倡关闭所有这类游戏的娱乐设施。
advocate vt.拥护，提倡，主张 n.拥护者，提倡者;辩护者，律师
[搭配] advocate self-defence 主张自卫;an advocate of early rising 主张早起的人;the advocate for the defence 被告辩护人
[范例] Do you advocate banning the cars in the city centre? 你支持禁止汽车在市中心通行这一主张吗?
1.Owing to ______ of cheating customers.
2.It is not easy to learn English well but if you ______ on you will succeed in the end.
3.His career was not noticeably ______ by the fact that he had never been to college.
4.A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without ______ with their creativity.
charged hindered accused interfering
fierce hang up eager
近义词排除练习：
5. accuse charge complain maintain
6. classify rank react sort
7. solemn selfish harsh severe
8. equivalent violent fierce forceful
9. illegal criminal wicked widespread
参考答案及解析:
1.选。[题意] 由于航空公司间的激烈竞争，旅行费用已经大幅度地下降了
fierce adj.狂热的;激烈的，狂暴的
[搭配] fierce competition/ debate 激烈的竞争/辩论;fierce pride 强烈的自尊;a fierce storm ****风雨
[范例] After he got well, Bob made a fierce effort to catch up with his classmates.鲍勃痊愈后拼命用功，以期能赶上班里的同学。
2.选。[题意] 学好英语不容易，但是如果你坚持下去，你最后一定会成功。
hang v.悬挂，吊(着)，垂下;吊死，绞死
[搭配] hang about (the station) (在火车站附近)闲荡;hang on (the receiver) 握住(听筒)不放;hang on (learning English) 坚持(学英语);hang on to (the house) 继续保留(这所房子);hang up on sb. 挂断某人的电话
[范例] I should hang on to those old pictures--they may be valuable. 我要保存那些旧照片，他们可能很有价值。
3.选。[题意] 他从没有上过大学，但这并不妨碍他事业的发展。
hinder vt.阻碍，妨碍
[搭配] hinder sb. from doing sth. 妨碍某人作某事;hinder the progress of the peace talks 妨碍和平谈判的进程;hinder one’s career 耽误某人的事业
[范例] The policy will promote rather than hinder reform. 这项政策将促进而不是妨碍改革。
[用法] 表示“禁止，阻碍”，如stop/ prevent/ hinder/ prohibit/ restrain/ forbid等常用“动词+宾语+from doing"的结构，只有forbid用于”动词+宾语+to do"的结构。
4.选。[题意] 一位好的雇主既能给他(她)的员工一些暗示而又不妨碍他们发挥创创造力。
interfere vi.妨碍，干扰;干涉，介入
[搭配] interfere in sb.’s private affairs 干涉某人的私事;interfere with sb.’s computer 乱动某人的计算机;interfere in the internal affairs of other countries 干涉别国内政
[范例] Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly asboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders. 有的时候事态会发展到暴力的程度，但是大多数情况下，打猎阻拦者只是干扰捕猎通过把骑马者引向歧路。
5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
1. As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to ______ it.
2. The relatives of those killed in the crash got together to seek ______.
3. The old couple decided to ______ a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own.
4. Though ______ in a big city, Peter always prefer to paint the primitive scenes of country life.
5. To ______ for his unpleasant experiences he drank a little more than was good for him.
postpone adopt premium cancel
adapt compensate raised compensation
参考答案及解析:
1.选。[题意] 我们无法再等所定的货物，因此不得不取消订单。
cancel vt.取消，废除;抵消;删去
[搭配] cancel the meeting/ interview/ the order 取消会议/面试/订单;cancel the contract/ agreement 终止合同/协约;cancel a check/ stamp 支票/邮票作废
[范例] We'll have to count on good weather. But if it does rain, the whole thing will have to be cancelled. 我们希望会有好天气，但是如果真的下雨，所有的安排都将被取消。
2.选。[题意] 撞机事件中的受害者的亲属联合起来要求补偿。
compensation n.补偿(或赔偿)的款物;补偿，赔偿
[搭配] claim/ award/ receive compensation 要求/潘给/得到赔偿金;pay compensation for injuries at work 支付工伤赔偿金
[范例] The relatives of those killed in the crash got together to seek compensation. 撞机事件中的受害者的亲属联合起来要求补偿。
3.选。[题意] 这对老夫妇已有三个孩子，但他们还是决定再收养一个男孩和一个女孩。
adopt vt.收养;采取，采纳，采用;正是通过，批准
[趣记] 把adopt中的“o”想象成一个光头小和尚，老和尚收养小和尚，这样来区别记忆adapt。
[搭配] adopt a child/pet 收养孩子/宠物;adopt line/policy/system 采用方针/政策/体系
[范例] The company has adopted a flexible work schedule. 公司采取弹性工作时间上下班。
4.选。[题意] 尽管在大城市中长大，彼得总是更喜欢描绘乡村生活的原始景色。
raise vt.养育，饲养，种植
[搭配] raise children 抚养孩子;raise cattle 饲养家畜;raise corn 种玉米
[范例] He raises his family with his little imcome. 他用自己微薄的收入养家。
5.选。[题意] 他借酒消愁，喝得超过常量。
compensate v.抵消，补偿，弥补
[搭配] compensate you for any damage done to your house 补偿对你的房子所造成的任何损失;compensate for losing one's son 补偿某人失去儿子的损失
[范例] Nothing can compensate for the loss of time. 废度光阴是无法补偿的(光阴一去不复返)。
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