双语新闻：奥巴马签署新财年国防授权法案
美国白宫３日凌晨发表声明说，总统奥巴马已签署２０１３财政年度国防授权法案。在声明中，奥巴马说，这一法案部分条款干扰了他作为总统管理美国外交的权限。根据声明，奥巴马２日在夏威夷度假期间签署了这一法案。奥巴马在声明中说，尽管他支持这一法案中大部分内容，但其中部分内容他却并不赞同。他指出，国会不允许国防部将部分老化战舰、战机退役的做法会造成国防资源浪费。此外，他也反对国会限制关塔纳摩监狱囚徒转移的做法。
奥巴马在声明中对国会干涉总统权限表示不满。他说，法案中部分条款干涉了他管理外交的宪法权力，政府将采用不与总统管理外交权限冲突的方式解读和执行这些条款。
这一法案批准给国防部总计约６３３０亿美元的预算经费，授权政府使用大约５２８０亿美元的基础国防经费，供五角大楼在新财年采购武器、开展研发、更新装备和维持人员开销。此外，获批的还包括供能源部使用的约１７０亿美元核武器项目经费，以及约８８０亿美元的海外战争经费。
这一法案包括两个涉华条款，但在措辞上都仅表明是国会“意向”，对总统没有强制力。其中一条款称，美虽然对钓鱼岛主权最终归属不持立场，但承认日本对该岛屿的行政管辖权，并重申《美日安保条约》第五条规定的美对日本的安全承诺；另一条款则呼吁美向中国台湾地区出售先进的Ｆ－１６Ｃ／Ｄ或类似机型战机。
U.S. President Barack Obama has signed the National Defense Authorization Act of the 2013 fiscalyear, the White House said on Thursday.
According to the White House, Obama signed the bill while vacationing in Hawaii. In a statement, Obama said while he supports the vast majority of the provisions contained in the act, he does notagree with them all, including Congress' refusal to let Pentagon retire unneeded ships and aircraft, as well as limits on the military to transfer detainees at the Guantanamo detention facility.
The president also complained certain provisions in the bill could "interfere with my constitutionalauthority to conduct the foreign relations of the United States," and said his administration wouldinterpret and implement these provisions in a manner that "does not interfere with myconstitutional authority to conduct diplomacy."
The sweeping bill covers the Pentagon's cost of ships, aircraft, weapons and military personnel aswell as the war efforts in Afghanistan. It consists of 528 billion dollars for the Defense Department'sbase budget, 17 billion dollars for defense and nuclear programs in the Energy Department and 88 billion dollars for overseas war costs.
The measure also tightens sanctions on Iran, increases security for U.S. diplomatic missions afterthe attack on U.S. Consulate in Benghazi, Libya, and contains language regarding the conflict inSyria, requesting the Pentagon to report to Congress on possible military options.
The budget also has two controversial sections relating to arms sales to Taiwan and the DiaoyuIslands, which are China's inherent territories. The two clauses are both written as "sense ofSenate, " which means they have no binding power over the president.
The bill passed the Congress amid chaos over the fiscal cliff negotiations late last year, and wasdelivered to the White House over the weekend. Obama took it with him to Hawaii when he lefttown after clinching the fiscal cliff deal.
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