揭穿五大流传甚广的“假真相”
Napoleon Bonaparte was Short?Everyone knows Napoleon Bonaparte was a tiny man - after all, his nickname
was "le Petit Corporal." His reputation for being short even inspired the
phenomenon known as the "Napoleon complex."
In reality, Napoleon stood around 5 feet and 7 inches tall, which was very
average back in the day. Many believe his nickname was meant as a term of
endearment, not a reference to his height.
nickname
'nɪkneɪm
昵称，绰号
拿破仑是个矮子?
在心理学上有一个概念，被称为“拿破仑情结”，也叫作“矮个子症候群”。简单来说，就是矮个子比高个子更有暴力倾向。不难看出，身材矮小已成为贴在拿破仑身上最醒目的标签之一。
人们普遍认为拿破仑是个矮子，这一看法源于他临终时测得的身高为5英尺2英寸(约合1.57米)，但这是法国旧度量制度测量的结果，按照现在的单位换算，拿破仑的身高接近5英尺7英寸(约合1.7米)，在他所处的年代这属于平均身高。
那么，拿破仑为何被称作“小士兵”(Le Petit Caporel)?这是对他的爱称，而非取笑。
You Have Five Senses?
If you remember learning about the senses in elementary school, you know
humans possess five: sight, smell, hearing, touch, and taste. Most scientists
agree, however, that you have more like 10-20 senses, including pain, hunger,
thirst, temperature, and more.
elementary
基本的，初级的
人只有五种感觉?
古希腊哲学家亚里士多德认为，人有五种感觉：视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉和味觉。直至今日，这种说法仍得到主流科学家们的认同，因为这五种感觉能被检测出来。
人还有其他的感觉吗?当然，疼痛、饥饿、口渴、冷热等等都是人的感觉，但不是通过前面五个“官”感知，而是地地道道、没有清晰位置或表现的感觉，这些感觉多达10至20种。
Einstein was a Bad Student?
If you ever made bad grades and pulled the old "Albert Einstein used to
make bad grades" card with your parents or teachers, you are lucky you got away
with it. In reality, Einstein was at the top of his class and mastered calculus
when he was barely a teenager.
The reputation he developed for being a bad student had more to do with his
behavior. He liked to talk back to his teachers.
爱因斯坦学习成绩差?
经常有学生考砸了，就拿出“爱因斯坦小时候学习成绩也不好”的说辞为自己辩解。但事实上，爱因斯坦上学时一直在班级里成绩拔尖，他十几岁时就掌握了微积分。
至于爱因斯坦为何会落下一个“坏学生”的名声，这与他的言行有关。爱因斯坦成绩好，但并不循规蹈矩、对老师的话言听计从，他遇事喜欢自己思考、提出自己的见解，也因此经常顶撞老师。
Ben Franklin Preferred a Turkey to a Bald Eagle?
The bald eagle is certainly a well-known representation of America, but
legend has it that if Ben Franklin had his way, a turkey would have been much
better. In reality, Franklin wrote a letter to his daughter mocking the eagle
symbol used in a seal by the Society of the Cincinnati, a private military
group.
He said it looked like a turkey and may as well be one.
富兰克林建议选火鸡当美国国鸟?
本杰明•富兰克林发明了避雷针，是一名杰出的发明家，也是美国著名政治家。有历史故事称，富兰克林不满意白头鹰作为美国国鸟，他建议选用火鸡。
这其实是误读。在富兰克林写给女儿的一封信中，他讥讽一个私人军事组织将白头鹰用于印章，但他嘲笑的是印章上的白头鹰看起来像火鸡，而不是说火鸡更适合做美国国鸟。
Vincent Van Gogh Cut Off His Entire Ear?
This is not entirely true. It was not his entire ear - just the tip of the
lobe - and some say he didn't even do it. Van Gogh lived with artist Paul
Gauguin, who had quite a violent temper, and many believe Gauguin actually did
the cutting.
Either way, Van Gogh did reportedly send the tip to a prostitute.
梵高割下整只耳朵?
据史料记载，荷兰著名画家文森特•梵高曾割掉耳朵，后在法国瓦兹河饮弹自杀。但需要澄清的是，梵高割掉的不是整只耳朵，而是一部分耳垂。
至于梵高割耳事件，有几个不同的版本。有人说他是割下耳朵洗净放在信封里，送给一名妓女;有人说他是在得知自己经济和情感的支柱——弟弟——即将结婚的消息后，精神崩溃割掉耳朵;还有人认为是梵高与好友、同样赫赫有名的画家高更争执时，被高更用剑砍掉了耳朵。
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