英语自学网 发表于 2016-7-10 16:30:17

双语:英文诗歌之用词篇

  英诗用词(Poetic Vocabulary)
          名词
          array(clothes,衣服、盛装);babe(baby,婴儿),bane(poison,mischief,毒物、祸根),billow(wave,波涛),bliss(happiness,幸福),bower(dwelling,卧室、闺房),brine(ocean,海洋、泪水),brow(forehead,额头);chanticleer(cock,雄鸡),charger(horse,马);dale(valley,谷、溪谷);foe,foeman(enemy,仇敌);fere(friend,朋友);glebe(earth,field,土地、田野),goblet(cup,酒杯),gore(blood,流出的血),grot(cave,洞穴),guile(deceit,狡诈);ire(anger,怒火);ken(perception,看见);maid(girl,少女),main(sea
or
ocean,海洋,沧海),marge(margin,边缘),mart(market,市场),mead(meadow,草地),meed(reward,应得的报答),might(strength,力量、权势),morn(morning,黎明);number(verse
or metre,诗文、韵律),nuptials(marriage,婚礼);poesy(poetry,诗歌、诗才);
          quest(search,探求);realm(kingdom,王国);scribe(writer,作家),sire(father,父),spouse(wife,配偶、夫或妻),steed(horse,骏马),swain(peasant,农民),sward(grass,草地),swine(pig,猪);thrall(bondage,奴役),tilth(agriculture,耕种),troth(veracity
or
faithfulness,忠诚);vale(valley,溪谷),victor(conqueror,战胜者);weal(welfare,幸福),woe(sorrow
or misery,悲哀);yeoman(peasant,farmer,村农);
          列举以下诗行为例:
          1、Wide o’er the foaming billows
          She cast a wistful look.
          (Gray)
          billows = waves
          越过汹涌的波涛,
          她怀念地怅望。
          2、With thee, my bark,
          I’ll swiftly go athwart the foaming brine.
          (Byron)
          坐上你,我的小舟,
          我将飞越汹涌的海洋。
          3、His valiant peers were placed around,
          Their brows with roses and with myrtle bound.
          (Drydon)
          brows = forehead
          他勇敢的同僚们簇拥他在中央,
          他们头上戴着玫瑰和长春花花环。
          4、Hill and dale, doth boast thy blessing.
          (Milton)
          dale = valley
          山峦、溪谷,以你的祝福而自豪。
          5、Within Love’s foes, his greatest foes abide,
          Malice, Inconstancy and Pride.
          (Cowley)
          foe = enemy
          在爱神的仇敌中,最凶的顽敌虎视眈眈,
          邪恶、不贞和自命不凡。
          6、One morn I missed him on the custom’d hill.
          (Gray)
          morn = morning
          一个早晨,
          我在常走的小山上,
          未曾见到他。
          7、Perhaps the plaintive numbers flow for old, unhappy, far-off things.
          (Wordsworth)
          numbers = verses
          或许,悲怆的诗文流溢出古老、不幸、遥远的往事。
          8、That lady sat in mournful mood,
          Look’d over hill and vale.
          (Scott)
          vale = valley
          姑娘悲伤地独自静坐,
          俯视着群山和幽谷。
          形容词
          aweary(weary,厌倦的);baleful(pernicious,有害的、不吉的);beauteous(beautiful,美丽的),bootless(unprofitable,无益的),bosky(wooded,有树丛的);clamant(noisy,喧嚷的);darksome(dark,阴暗的),dauntless(brave,无所畏惧的),dire(dreadful,可怕的),dread(dreadful,令人畏惧的),drear(dreary,沉闷的);fair(beautiful,美丽的),fond(foolish,不大可能实现的),forlorn(distressed,悲惨的);hallowed(holy,神圣的),hapless(unhappy,不幸的);ingrate(ungrateful,忘恩的),intrepid(brave,无畏的);jocund(merry,欢乐的),joyless(unhappy,悲哀的);lone(lonesome,lonely,寂寞的、孤独的),lovesome(lovely,可爱的),lowly(low
or
humble,低下的、谦卑的);murky(grim,阴沉的),mute(silent,缄默的);quenchless(inextinguishable,不可熄灭的);rapt(delighted,着迷的),recreant(unfaithful,变节的);sequestered(retired,lonely,退隐的、寂寞的),stilly(still,寂静的),sylvan(woody,森林的);uncouth(unusual,笨拙的);wrathful(angry,怒气冲冲的)
            
            

enfive 发表于 2016-7-10 17:35:34


          列举以下诗行为例:
          1、She said, “I am aweary,
          I would that I were dead!”
          (Tennyson)
          aweary = weary
          她说,“我真受够了,
          要是死,我也情愿!”
          2、When the merry bells ring round,
          And the jocund rebecks sound …
          (Milton)
          jocund = merry
          当欢乐的钟声回荡,
          愉快的琴声飘扬……
          3、Along the cool sequestered vale of life,
          They kept the noiseless tenour of their way.
          (Gray)
          sequestered = lonely
          沿着生命冷漠孤独的山谷,
          他们坚持了不声不响的正路。
          副词
          amain(violently,suddenly,猛然、突然),anon(soon,立刻);
          erst(formerly,往昔);full(very,完美的);haply(perhaps,或许),hard by(close or very
near,在近旁);natheless(nevertheless,然而),nigh(almost,几乎);right(very,precisely,准确的);
          scantly(scantily,贫乏的),scarce(scarcely,刚刚),sore(sorely,痛苦的);whilom(formerly,从前)
          列举以下诗行为例
          1、Haply some hoary-headed swain may say…
          (Gray)
          haply = perhaps
          或许鬓发斑白的情人会说……
          2、Hard by, a cottage-chimney smokes.
          (Milton)
          hard by = very near
          近处,村舍炊烟袅袅。
          3、It was near the ringing of matin-bell,
          The night was well nigh done.
          (Scott)
          nigh=almost
          晨祷钟声即将响起,
          黑夜几已消尽。
          4、Sweet was the sound, when, oft at ev’ning’s close…
          (Goldsmith)
          oft=often
          常值黄昏临近,
          此声最为温馨。
          动词
          behold(see,看),brook(bear,容忍、忍受);cleave(cling,依恋),cumber(distress,trouble,烦累);deem(think,认为);
          fare(walk,行走);hearken(hear,attend,倾听、给予注意),hie(hasten,赶紧);ken(know,知道);list(listen,听见);
            
            

enthree 发表于 2016-7-10 18:11:48


          methink(seem to
me,据我看来);quaff(drink,痛饮),quoth(said,说);obscure(darken,使黑暗);slay(kill,杀害),smite(strike,重击),sojorn(lodge
or
dwell,旅居),speed(hasten,促进);tarry(remain,逗留),trow(believe,相信);vanquish(conquer,征服);wax(grow,渐增)
          列举以下诗行为例:
          1、Behold her, single in the field,
          Yon solitary Highland lass!
          (Wordsworth)
          behold=see
          看!那边的田野里,
          苏格兰姑娘她独自一人。
          2、Oh! Quickly string the harp,
          I yet can brook to hear.
          (Byron)
          brook=bear
          啊!快调好竖琴琴弦,
          我还能耐心倾听。
          3、Let not the dark thee cumber.
          (Herrick)
          cumber=distress
          不要让黑暗使你疲累。
          4、Him have we seen the greenwood side along,
          While o’ver the heath we hied.
          (Gray)
          hie=hasten
          当我们匆匆走过石南丛生的荒地,
          我们在绿树丛边看见了他。
          5、Nor shapes of men nor beasts we ken.
          (Coleridge)
          ken=know
          我们对人与兽一无所知。
          6、And then methought it did appear a violet dropping dew.
          (Byron)
          methought=seemed to me
          随即我以为,真降过一阵紫色的露珠。
          7、Then changed, I trow, was that bold Baron’s brow.
          trow=believe
          我相信,那勇敢男爵的表情已有变化。
          代词
          aught(anything,任何事物);naught(nothing,没有什么);thou,(you,你【主格】),thee(you,你【宾格】),thy(your,你的),thine(your,你的【在元音或h之前】);yonder,yon(that,在那儿的物或人),ye(you,你们)
          列举以下诗行为例:
          1、Tell me, thou star, whose wings of light,
          Speed thee in thy fiery light.
          (Shelley)
          thou=you【主】,thee=you【宾】,thy=your
          你,星星,告诉我,谁的光亮翅膀,
          在你的灼热光亮中使你疾翔……
          2、I saw thee weep.
          (Byron)
          thee=you
          我看见了你在哭泣。
          2、Near yonder thorn, that lifts its head on high…
          (Goldsmith)
          yonder=that
          临近那蒺藜,它高高昂起了它的头……
          连接词:
          albeit(although,尽管、虽然);
          ere(before,在……以前)
          When in one night, ere glimpse of morn…
          (Milton)
          ere=before
          在一个夜晚,瞥见晨曦之前……
          前置词:
          anent(concerning,关于),amidst(among,在……当中),athwart(across,横跨);
          betwixt(between,在……中间)
          She drew her casement curtain by, and glanced athwart the glooming
flats.
          (Tennyson)
          athwart=across
          她拉开窗帘,
          目光横掠过阴郁的旷野。
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