2016年12月英语四级阅读200篇：决定社会变革的因素
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixtureof different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many
ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of
looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas,
more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different
beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater
tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by
opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite
similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or
the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although
conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and
undisputed.
Within a society, social changes is also likely to occur more frequently
and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the
non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been
learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and
less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple
elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and
in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange
elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it
comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with
sharp difference. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to
Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp
difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
21.The passage is mainly discussing.
A. the necessity of social change
B. certain factors that determine the ease with which social changes
occur
C. two different societies certain factors that promote social change
D. One of the factors that tend to promote social change is.
22.A. joint interest B. different points of view
C. less emotional people D. advanced technology
23.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional
aspects of society.
B. Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social
change.
C. Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of
society.
D. Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they
were young.
24. The expression "greater tolerance "(Para. 1) refers to_______.
A. greater willingness to accept social change
B. quicker adaptation to changing circumstances
C. more respect for different beliefs and behavior
D. greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas
25. Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are
quite similar in many ways because_______.
A. people there have got so accustomed to their conditions that they seldom
think it necessary to change
B. people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much
difficulty
C. people there are easy to please
D. people there are less disputed
答案：21. B 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A
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