英语自学网 发表于 2016-8-13 23:47:01

分词二、作定语的-ed分词

二、作定语的-ed分词
  -ed分词可以作前置定语也可以作后置定语,作后置定语时相当于一个定语从句。
  1.-ed分词可以作前置定语,此时,分词与名词之间有两种语义关系:一种是分词表示主动意义;一种是分词表示被动意义。如:
  He is a retired worker.
  他是一个退休工人。
  This is a newly-developed device.
  这是一个新开发的工具。
  2.-ed分词作后置定语时,其功能相当于一个定语从句。如:
  She likes to drink cold boiled water.
  他喜欢喝凉白开。
  They were inspecting the houses damaged by the storm.
  他们正在视察被暴风雨毁坏的房屋。
  1) Commercial banks make most of their income from ______ interest on loans and investments in stocks and bonds.
  [A] earn
  [B] earned
  [C] to earn
  [D] was earned
  解析:B为正确答案。空档前是一完整的句子,在没有连词的情况下,不能填充A和D;根据题意,“利息”是“通过…(被)挣来的”,有被动之意,所以选B。
  2) On his return from his _______ college, he found the house.
  [A] deserting
  [B] deserted
  [C] desert
  [D] to be deserted
  解析:B为正确答案。此句的意思是“房子”被“遗弃,没人住”,是被动的意义,而A和C都不符合这一点。D是动词不定式,一般表示将来或具体动作,所以D也不对。
  3) 改错:The age [A] of a geological sample can be estimated [B] from the ratio of radioactive to nonradioactive carbon present [C] in the object is examined [D].
  解析:D错。应去掉多余的“is”,使-ED分词“examined”作后置定语修饰“object”。C处并没有错。“present”是形容词,它与后面的成分构成形容词短语修饰限定前面的“the ratio...carbon”。
                                  
                                 
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